Latitudinal and Seasonal Variation in Exploratory Behavior in Rufous-Collared Sparrow
Birds,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
6(2), С. 24 - 24
Опубликована: Май 2, 2025
Exploratory
behavior
involves
gathering
information
and
reflects
how
individuals
interact
with
their
environments.
In
seasonal
environments,
undergo
environmental
cycles
that
might
lead
to
differences
in
this
between
locations
seasons.
Here,
we
compare
the
exploratory
measured
during
an
open-field
test
102
adult
of
rufous-collared
sparrow
(Zonotrichia
capensis)
from
three
central
southern
Chile.
A
generalized
mixed-effect
model
(GMM)
was
utilized
The
two-way
interaction
both
variates
also
included.
Body
mass
sex
were
included
as
covariates
elevation
study
sites
a
random
effect.
result
indicates
significantly
varied
populations
Specifically,
birds
tested
Chilean
zone
(33°
S)
breeding
showed
higher
exploration
scores
than
(38°
non-breeding
birds.
These
findings
suggest
may
be
driven
by
local
pressures,
underscoring
role
weather
seasonality
shaping
behavior.
Язык: Английский
Energy allocation is revealed while behavioural performance persists after fire disturbance
Journal of Experimental Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
227(5)
Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2024
Metabolic
physiology
and
animal
behaviour
are
often
considered
to
be
linked,
positively
or
negatively,
according
either
the
performance
allocation
models.
Performance
seems
predominate
over
in
natural
systems,
but
constraining
environmental
context
may
reveal
limitations
energetically
expensive
behaviours.
Habitat
disturbance,
such
as
large-scale
fire
that
burnt
wetlands
of
Biebrza
National
Park
(NE
Poland),
degrades
ecosystems.
It
arguably
reduces
food
shelter
availability,
modifies
predator-prey
interactions,
poses
a
direct
threat
for
survival,
wetland
specialist
root
vole
Microtus
oeconomus.
We
hypothesized
disturbance
induces
physiology-behaviour
co-expression,
consequence
changed
context.
repeatedly
measured
maintenance
exercise
metabolism,
behavioural
responses
open
field,
voles
from
post-fire
unburnt
locations.
Highly
repeatable
metabolism
distance
moved
during
tests
correlated
positively,
relatively
labile
did
not
covary
with
behaviour.
At
same
time,
habitat
had
higher
shorter
distances
than
areas.
conclude
there
is
prevalence
mechanism,
simultaneous
manifestation
context-dependent
constraints
covariation
after
disturbance.
The
last
occurs
at
within-individual
level,
indicating
significance
plasticity
Язык: Английский
Reproduction results in parallel changes of oxidative stress and immunocompetence in a wild long-living mammal—edible dormouse Glis glis
Biology Letters,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
20(10)
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024
Oxidative
stress
(OS)
and
impaired
immune
function
(IF)
have
been
proposed
as
key
physiological
costs
of
reproduction.
The
relationship
between
OS
IF
remains
unresolved,
particularly
in
long-living
iteroparous
species.
We
studied
markers
maintenance
(OS,
markers)
lactating,
post-lactating
non-lactating
females
edible
dormice—a
rodent.
predicted
the
balance
to
be
compromised
by
lactation,
especially
older
expected
face
stronger
trade-offs
life
functions.
found
that
age
predictor
(body
size)
correlated
negatively
with
white
blood
cell
level
(WBC),
positively
neutrophils
lymphocytes
ratio
had
no
effect
on
markers.
damage
(reactive
oxygen
metabolites
(ROMs);
but
not
antioxidant
capacity)
body
size-adjusted
WBC
were
lowest
higher
highest
females.
Body
size/age
did
affect
this
correlation
suggesting
a
similar
age-independent
allocation
strategy
during
reproduction
path
analysis
testing
causal
ROMs
revealed
is
more
likely
than
vice
versa
.
Our
study
indicates
trade-off
crucial
functions
suggests
immunosuppression
reduces
risk
OS;
therefore,
mitigating
oxidative
Язык: Английский
Predation can shape the cascade interplay between heterothermy, exploration and maintenance metabolism under high food availability
Ecology and Evolution,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(6)
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024
Abstract
Maintenance
metabolism
as
the
minimum
energy
expenditure
needed
to
maintain
homeothermy
(a
high
and
stable
body
temperature,
T
b
),
reflects
magnitude
of
metabolic
machinery
associated
costs
self‐maintenance
in
endotherms
(organisms
able
produce
heat
endogenously).
Therefore,
it
can
interact
with
most,
if
not
all,
organismal
functions,
including
behavior–fitness
linkage.
Many
endothermic
animals
avoid
maintaining
temporally
reduce
by
entering
heterothermic
states
like
torpor,
most
effective
energy‐saving
strategy.
Variations
BMR,
behavior,
torpor
use
are
considered
be
shaped
food
resources,
but
those
conclusions
based
on
research
studying
these
traits
isolation.
We
tested
effect
ecological
contexts
(food
availability
predation
risk)
interplay
between
maintenance
homeothermy,
heterothermy,
exploration
a
wild
mammal—the
yellow‐necked
mouse.
measured
basal
rate
(BMR)
using
respirometry,
distance
moved
(exploration)
open‐field
test,
variation
(heterothermy)
during
short‐term
fasting
captured
at
different
locations
known
natural
predator
presence,
or
without
supplementary
resources.
found
that
winter,
heterothermy
(but
BMR)
negatively
correlated
(determined
autumn).
Supplementary
feeding
increased
mouse
density,
risk
finally
had
positive
BMR
exploration).
The
path
analysis
testing
plausible
causal
relationships
studied
indicated
elevated
which
turn
affected
exploration,
positively
BMR.
Our
study
indicates
adaptive
is
compensation
strategy
for
balancing
budget
experiencing
low
availability.
This
also
suggests
under
environmental
challenges
risk,
an
predicts
behavioral
expression
better
than
homeothermy.
Язык: Английский
No negative effects of intra-abdominal bio-logger implantation under general anaesthesia on spatial cognition learning in a hibernator the edible dormouse
PLoS ONE,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
19(8), С. e0307551 - e0307551
Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2024
The
effect
of
hibernation
on
cognitive
capacities
individuals
is
not
fully
understood,
as
studies
provide
conflicting
results.
Most
focus
behavioural
observations
without
taking
the
physiological
state
to
account.
To
mechanistically
understand
brain,
parameters
need
be
included.
implantation
bio-loggers
can
insights
i.e.
body
temperature
further
manipulation
animals.
Surgeries
and
anaesthesia,
however,
harm
animals'
health
cause
dysfunction,
potentially
biasing
data
collected
through
bio-loggers.
We
investigated
effects
bio-logger
surgery
performance
learning,
controlling
for
animal
study
design
characteristics.
First,
juvenile
dormice
successfully
learned
solve
a
spatial
cognition
task
using
vertical
maze.
Distance,
transitions,
velocity,
duration
were
measured
indicators
performance.
After
training,
implanted
intra-abdominally
under
general
anaesthesia.
Animals
re-tested
in
maze
two
weeks
after.
found
no
This
first
show
learning
edible
provides
full
description
peri-anaesthetic
management
protocol
dormice.
Importantly,
measures
taken
mitigate
common
anaesthetic
complications
that
could
lead
post-operative
dysfunction
influence
behaviour.
By
pairing
measurements
with
behaviour
measurements,
future
research
will
significantly
advance
understanding
mechanisms
Язык: Английский