Biochar physicochemical properties: pyrolysis temperature and feedstock kind effects

Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 19(1), С. 191 - 215

Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2020

Abstract Biochar is a pyrogenous, organic material synthesized through pyrolysis of different biomass (plant or animal waste). The potential biochar applications include: (1) pollution remediation due to high CEC and specific surface area; (2) soil fertility improvement on the way liming effect, enrichment in volatile matter increase pore volume, (3) carbon sequestration ash content, etc. properties are affected by several technological parameters, mainly temperature feedstock kind, which differentiation can lead products with wide range values pH, area, CEC, matter, content. High promotes production strongly developed porosity, pH as well content carbon, but low matter. This most likely significant degree decomposition. Biochars produced from litter solid waste feedstocks exhibit lower areas, compared biochars crop residue wood biomass, even at higher temperatures. reason for this difference considerable variation lignin cellulose moisture biomass. physicochemical determine application biomaterial an additive improve quality. review succinctly presents impact type characteristics its fertility.

Язык: Английский

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Cadmium toxicity in plants: Impacts and remediation strategies

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 211, С. 111887 - 111887

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2021

Cadmium (Cd) is an unessential trace element in plants that ubiquitous the environment. Anthropogenic activities such as disposal of urban refuse, smelting, mining, metal manufacturing, and application synthetic phosphate fertilizers enhance concentration Cd environment are carcinogenic to human health. In this manuscript, we reviewed sources contamination environment, soil factors affecting uptake, dynamics rhizosphere, uptake mechanisms, translocation, toxicity plants. crop plants, reduces translocation nutrients water, increases oxidative damage, disrupts plant metabolism, inhibits morphology physiology. addition, defense mechanism against potential remediation strategies, including use biochar, minerals nutrients, compost, organic manure, growth regulators, hormones, phytoremediation, bioremediation, chemical methods also highlighted review. This manuscript may help determine ecological importance stress interdisciplinary studies essential strategies overcome agricultural soils.

Язык: Английский

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Biochar and Soil Physical Properties

Soil Science Society of America Journal, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 81(4), С. 687 - 711

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2017

Core Ideas Biochar generally improves the soil physical environment Sandy soils appear to respond more biochar than clayey Long-term studies are needed conclusively discern extent of effects is considered be a potential amendment. However, its implications for and hydraulic properties have not been widely discussed. Changes in influence numerous services that provide. This paper (i) reviewed impacts on compaction, mechanical, structural, hydraulic, thermal properties; (ii) discussed factors affecting performance; (iii) identified research areas. reduces bulk density by 3 31%, increases porosity 14 64%, has limited or no penetration resistance. wet aggregate stability 226%, consistency, mixed dry stability. It available water 4 130%. Saturated conductivity decreases coarse-textured soils, fine-textured following application. Studies other few but suggest tensile strength particle density, alters infiltration, moderates properties, minimal effect repellency. soils. effectiveness as amount applied increases. A decrease size can increase retention may reduce saturated flow. Field-scale long-term assessing all under different scenarios management needed. Overall, environment, field lacking ascertain effects.

Язык: Английский

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Biochar and its importance on nutrient dynamics in soil and plant

Biochar, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 2(4), С. 379 - 420

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Black Carbon (Biochar) In Water/Soil Environments: Molecular Structure, Sorption, Stability, and Potential Risk

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 51(23), С. 13517 - 13532

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2017

Black carbon (BC) is ubiquitous in the environments and participates various biogeochemical processes. Both positive negative effects of BC (especially biochar) on ecosystem have been identified, which are mainly derived from its diverse physicochemical properties. Nevertheless, few studies systematically examined linkage between evolution molecular structure with resulted properties, environmental functions as well potential risk, critical for understanding behavior utilization a multifunctional product. Thus, this review highlights during pyrolysis impact properties sorption behavior, stability, risk terrestrial aqueous ecosystems. Given wide application important role processes, future research should focus following: (1) establishing methodology to more precisely predict design basis phase transformation biomass; (2) developing an assessment system evaluate long-term effect stabilization bioavailability contaminants, agrochemicals, nutrient elements soils; (3) elucidating interaction mechanisms plant roots, microorganisms, soil components.

Язык: Английский

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Multifunctional applications of biochar beyond carbon storage

International Materials Reviews, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 67(2), С. 150 - 200

Опубликована: Май 7, 2021

Biochar is produced as a charred material with high surface area and abundant functional groups by pyrolysis, which refers to the process of thermochemical decomposition organic at elevated temperatures in absence oxygen. The carbon component biochar relatively stable, and, hence, was originally proposed soil amendment store soil. has multifunctional values that include use it for following purposes: improve health, nutrient microbial carrier, immobilising agent remediation toxic metals contaminants water, catalyst industrial applications, porous mitigating greenhouse gas emissions odorous compounds, feed supplement animal health intake efficiency thus, productivity. This article provides first time an overview unintended consequences applications.

Язык: Английский

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Comparing straw, compost, and biochar regarding their suitability as agricultural soil amendments to affect soil structure, nutrient leaching, microbial communities, and the fate of pesticides

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 751, С. 141607 - 141607

Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2020

The emission of nutrients and pesticides from agricultural soils endangers natural habitats. Here, we review to which extent carbon-rich organic amendments help retain in reduce the contamination surrounding areas groundwater. We compare straw, compost, biochar see whether outperforms other two more traditional cheaper materials. present a list criteria evaluate suitability materials be used as soil discuss differences elemental compositions understand, how microorganisms utilize those their effects on physical chemical characteristics, microbial communities, well transformation retention detail. It becomes clear that for all three can vary greatly depending numerous aspects, such type soil, application rate, production procedure material. Biochar is most effective increasing sorption capacity but does not outperform straw compost with regards aspects investigated. Nevertheless, possibility design properties makes it very promising Finally, provide critical comments about make studies comparable (comprehensive provision material properties), improve concepts future work (meta-analysis, long-term field studies, use deep-insight DNA sequencing), what needs further investigated (the link between structural functional parameters, impact pesticide efficiency).

Язык: Английский

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Effects of biochar application in forest ecosystems on soil properties and greenhouse gas emissions: a review

Journal of Soils and Sediments, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 18(2), С. 546 - 563

Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Biochar composition-dependent impacts on soil nutrient release, carbon mineralization, and potential environmental risk: A review

Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 241, С. 458 - 467

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Controlled release fertilizer: A review on developments, applications and potential in agriculture

Journal of Controlled Release, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 339, С. 321 - 334

Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2021

Язык: Английский

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