Soil Biology and Biochemistry,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
161, С. 108383 - 108383
Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2021
Agricultural
practices
significantly
affect
soil
biodiversity
and
functions,
altering
biogeochemical
cycles
potentially
compromising
food
production.
Increased
employment
of
sustainable
agricultural
is
growing
policy
concern
requires
a
better
understanding
quantification
how
agriculture
affects
functioning.
We
conducted
worldwide
meta-analysis
by
computing
4855
effect
sizes
from
103
publications
to
quantify
the
on
nematodes,
known
be
key
biological
indicators
health.
Our
summarized
effects
tillage,
pesticides
use,
fertilization,
manipulation
above-ground
plant
including
cover
crop,
rotation
system
shift
(the
conversion
conventional
conservation
or
organic
systems).
quantified
each
practice
alters
nematode
indices
ecological
relevance
absolute
abundance
trophic
groups,
taxonomic
richness
diversity
web
structure
based
functional
guilds.
At
global
level,
organo-mineral
system,
crop
nematicides
exhibited
greatest
(averaged
all
indices)
while
herbicides,
association,
mineral
fertilization
tillage
had
lowest
ones.
level
varying
impacts,
e.g.
mainly
reduced
plant-feeding
nematodes
(−47%),
increased
omnivore-predators
(+80%)
predominately
promoted
bacterial
(+113%)
fungal
feeders
(+141%).
Crop
47%
when
longer
than
2
years.
community
chemical
inputs,
monoculture
pesticide
application
abundance,
favoured
copiotrophic
communities.
Biocides
total
Shannon
complexity
(structure
index).
Using
meta-regressions,
our
revealed
that
depends
time
since
last
intervention
(e.g.
input
fertilizers,
application)
long
has
been
adopted.
This
study
will
useful
aid
for
decision
maker
manage
identify
gaps
in
current
available
literature.
In
providing
direction
magnitude
responses
practices,
size
produced
this
are
critical
facilitating
modelling
under
change
scenarios.
Soil Biology and Biochemistry,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
142, С. 107701 - 107701
Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2020
Cover
cropping
is
a
promising
sustainable
agricultural
method
with
the
potential
to
enhance
soil
health
and
mitigate
consequences
of
degradation.
Because
cover
can
form
an
agroecosystem
distinct
from
that
bare
fallow,
microbiome
hypothesized
respond
altered
environmental
circumstances.
Despite
growing
number
primary
literature
sources
investigating
relationship
between
microbiome,
there
has
not
been
quantitative
research
synthesis
sufficiently
comprehensive
specific
this
relationship.
We
conducted
meta-analysis
by
compiling
results
60
relevant
studies
reporting
effects
on
microbial
properties
estimate
global
effect
sizes
explore
current
landscape
topic.
Overall,
significantly
increased
parameters
abundance,
activity,
diversity
27%,
22%,
2.5%
respectively,
compared
those
fallow.
Moreover,
varied
covariates
like
crop
termination
or
tillage
methods.
Notably,
were
less
pronounced
under
conditions
continental
climate,
chemical
termination,
conservation
tillage.
This
showed
become
more
robust
when
properly
managed
other
practices.
However,
still
needed
control
between-study
heterogeneity
elaborately
assess
relationships
microbiome.
Global Ecology and Conservation,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
23, С. e01118 - e01118
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2020
Soil
health
is
defined
as
the
capacity
of
soil
to
function,
within
ecosystem
boundaries,
sustain
crop
and
animal
productivities,
maintain
or
enhance
environmental
sustainability,
improve
human
worldwide.
In
agro-ecosystems,
can
change
due
anthropogenic
activities,
such
preferred
cropping
practices
intensive
land-use
management,
which
further
impact
functions.
Previous
assessment
in
agriculture
mostly
relates
eco-functions
that
are
integrated
with
non-biological
properties
nutrients
structures.
recent
years,
biological
microorganisms
were
considered
an
essential
composition
well.
However,
systematic
reviews
its
potential
feedback
society
under
different
still
limited.
this
review,
we
discussed
1)
common
novel
agro-systems
on
health,
2)
evolution
plant–microbe–soil
complex
biochemical
mechanisms
pressure
responsible
for
3)
changes
concept
quality
over
decades
key
indicators
currently
used
evaluating
4)
issues
agroecosystems
affect
most,
particularly
how
various
have
developed
time
activities
agroecosystem.
This
knowledge,
along
necessary
policies,
will
help
ensure
healthy
soil—a
crucial
component
sustainable
development.
Advances in Agriculture,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
2021, С. 1 - 9
Опубликована: Июль 22, 2021
Diversified
crop
rotation
(DCR)
improves
the
efficiency
of
farming
systems
all
over
world.
It
has
potentiality
to
improve
soil
condition
and
boost
system
productivity.
Improved
attributes
such
as
increased
water
uptake
storage,
a
greater
number
beneficial
organisms,
may
yield
tolerance
drought
other
hard
growing
conditions
in
variety
rotations.
Crop
rotations
with
crops
benefit
farmers,reduce
production
risk
uncertainty,
enhance
ecological
sustainability.
Farmers
be
able
diversify
their
sources
income
by
adopting
diversified
Furthermore,
because
distinct
structure,
function,
relationship
plant
community
DCR,
it
contributes
long-term
development
health
decreasing
insect,
weed,
disease
incidence
increasing
physical
chemical
structure
soil.
DCR
is
becoming
more
popular
approach
for
maintaining
sustainable
production.
This
review
provides
evidence
significance
challenges
adapt
it,
possible
way
out
overcome
challenges.
Agriculture,
Год журнала:
2018,
Номер
8(6), С. 80 - 80
Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2018
Sustainable
intensification
calls
for
agroecological
and
adaptive
management
of
the
agrifood
system.
Here,
we
focus
on
intercropping
how
this
practice
can
be
used
to
increase
sustainability
crop
production.
Strip,
mixed,
relay
yields
through
resource
partitioning
facilitation.
In
addition
achieving
greater
productivity,
diversifying
cropping
systems
use
strategic
intercrops
yield
stability,
reduce
pests,
improve
soil
health.
Several
are
already
implemented
in
industrialized
agricultural
landscapes,
including
mixed
with
perennial
grasses
legumes
as
forage
winter
wheat
red
clover.
Because
provide
numerous
benefits,
researchers
should
clear
about
their
objectives
appropriate
methods
so
not
draw
spurious
conclusions
when
studying
intercrops.
order
advance
practice,
experiments
that
test
effects
standardized
methodology,
report
a
set
common
criteria
facilitate
cross-study
comparisons.
Intercropping
two
or
more
crops
appears
less
annuals
than
perennials,
which
is
likely
due
differences
mechanisms
responsible
complementarity.
One
area
where
landscapes
has
advanced
cover
crops,
private,
public,
governmental
organizations
have
harmonized
efforts
adoption
mixtures.
