Microbial dysbiosis in periodontitis and peri-implantitis: pathogenesis, immune responses, and therapeutic

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15

Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2025

The oral microbiome comprises over 700 distinct species, forming complex biofilms essential for maintaining and systemic health. When the microbial homeostasis in periodontium is disrupted, pathogens within biofilm can cause periodontitis peri-implantitis, inducing host immune responses. Understanding role of communities mechanisms health disease crucial developing improved preventive, diagnostic therapeutic strategies. However, many questions remain about how changes bacterial populations contribute to development progression these conditions. An electronic manual literature search was conducted using PubMed, Excerpta Medica, Frontiers Reports Wiley Online Library databases relevant articles. Data from publications were extracted overall findings summarized a narrative manner. variations responses peri-implantitis are explored. Dysbiosis subgingival microbiome—characterized by an increase pathogenic bacteria such as Porphyromonas gingivalis , Tannerella forsythia Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans —plays pivotal initiation periodontitis. As alterations include higher abundance opportunistic reduced diversity around implants. Moreover, dysbiosis potentially influencing through immune-mediated pathways. Regional immunity involving neutrophils, T helper cells-17, immune-related cytokines periodontal responding imbalances. Additionally, impact non-mechanical treatments—such probiotics laser therapy—on discussed, demonstrating their potential managing dysbiosis. These underscore that central factor peri-implantitis. Maintaining balance preventing diseases, interventions targeting could enhance treatment outcomes. Strategies focusing on controlling bacteria, modulating responses, promoting tissue regeneration key restoring stability. Further research needed clarify underlying transition peri-implant mucositis optimize prevention approaches, considering interactions between immunity.

Язык: Английский

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An escape from ESKAPE pathogens: A comprehensive review on current and emerging therapeutics against antibiotic resistance

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 279, С. 135253 - 135253

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Decline of Antimicrobial Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Bacteremia Following the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Longitudinal Observational Study

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2025

ABSTRACT Background Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRPA) poses significant challenges in hospital settings. Understanding the effects of unprecedented changes brought by COVID-19 pandemic on antimicrobial resistance P. (PA) is essential to inform stewardship efforts. This study investigated dynamics PA bacteremia after start pandemic. Methods single-centre retrospective cohort included adult inpatients with bacteraemia at University Hospital Zurich between January 2014 and December 2023. Data were retrieved from electronic records. The primary outcome was association MDR, defined as ≥3 5 antibiotic classes. We used logistic regression adjust for age, sex ICU treatment, accounting multiple instances within same patient using cluster-robust standard errors. Secondary outcomes patterns demographics, exposure assessed median monthly days therapy (DOT). Results A total 493 333 patients observed during period. proportion MDRPA declined 21% (62/291) pre-pandemic 9% (19/202) post-pandemic (adjusted OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.18–0.79, p=0.01). occurrence hospitalisation following an initial instance non-MDRPA rare unlikely happen earlier than two weeks. Antimicrobial consumption shifted pandemic, reduced use amikacin ciprofloxacin increased cefepime meropenem. Overall inhospital-mortality among remained high (28%), no substantial differences before hazard ratio 1.57, 0.43–5.67, p=0.49). Conclusion a decline possibly driven intensified infection control measures, shifts use, populations.

Язык: Английский

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Association of Causative Pathogens With Acute Kidney Injury in Adult Patients With Community-Onset Sepsis

Critical Care Explorations, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 7(2), С. e1219 - e1219

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

IMPORTANCE: The influence of disease-causing pathogen on acute kidney injury (AKI) in septic patients is poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: We examined the association microbial with AKI among community-onset sepsis. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a retrospective cohort study. Patient data were acquired from nationwide multicenter PINC AI Healthcare Database (2016–2020). Participants included adult Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-defined MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: primary exposure type identified by culture growth. Microbial cultures any site included. endpoint development within 7 days admission using Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes serum creatinine criteria. used multilevel logistic regression to examine between AKI. Escherichia coli -positive as reference category. RESULTS: 119,733 median age 67 years, 33.3% mechanically ventilated, 36.1% received vasopressors, hospital mortality 13.1%. Forty-two thousand twenty-seven (35.1%) developed stage 1 AKI, 22,979 (19.2%) 2 25,073 (20.9%) 3 Relative E. infection (odds ratio [OR], 1.0), Proteus species (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.06–1.50), Streptococcus 1.24; 1.10–1.41) associated increased odds Meanwhile, Pseudomonas aeruginosa 0.56; 0.49–0.64) Serratia 0.70; 0.52–0.94) decreased CONCLUSIONS RELEVANCE: causative sepsis may Further mechanistic clinical research needed confirm these findings explore how different pathogens affect risk critically ill patients.

Язык: Английский

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Microbial nanocellulose as an effective lactonase immobilization matrix for enhanced wound healing

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 144147 - 144147

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Difficult-to-treat resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in Lebanese hospitals: Impact on mortality and the role of initial antibiotic therapy

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 20(5), С. e0321935 - e0321935

Опубликована: Май 12, 2025

Background Difficult-to-treat resistant (DTR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections have emerged as a significant global public health threat, characterized by limited treatment options and heightened mortality risk. This study aimed to assess the appropriateness of initial antibiotic therapy, estimate 30-day all-cause mortality, determine impact DTR P. on mortality. Methods A retrospective, multicenter was conducted at four teaching hospitals in Beirut, Lebanon, between January 2021 December 2023. The primary outcome Kaplan-Meier survival analysis used time-to-mortality, log-rank test applied compare outcomes relative therapy. Multivariable logistic regression performed identify predictors Results Out 2,639 screened cases, 477 patients met inclusion criteria. Respiratory tract accounted for 38.8% cases. Carbapenem-resistant (CRPA) comprised nearly one-third isolates, 15.3% were categorized DTR. most common empirical antibiotics piperacillin-tazobactam (33.9%) meropenem (24.5%). Inappropriate therapy observed 43.8% with 33.8% receiving which pathogen resistant. significantly more likely be associated inappropriate (odds ratio [OR] = 4.21, 95% CI 2.43–7.32, P < 0.001). rate 14.8%, mean time-to-mortality 13.29 ± 9.81 days. Patients who received had shorter (11.76 8.80 days) compared those appropriate (15.46 10.90 days, 0.03). Predictors included infection (adjusted odds [AOR] 2.48, 1.32–4.63, 0.01), (AOR 1.40, 1.04–2.35, 0.01). Conclusion are increased risk hospitalized patients.

Язык: Английский

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Decline of antimicrobial resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteraemia following the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal observational study

Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 14, 2025

Abstract Background Understanding the effects of changes brought by COVID-19 pandemic on antimicrobial resistance in P. aeruginosa (PA) is essential to inform clinical management. Methods This single-centre retrospective cohort study included adult inpatients with PA bacteraemia at University Hospital Zurich between January 2014 and December 2023. The primary outcome was association start multidrug (MDR), defined as ≥3 5 antibiotic classes. We used logistic regression adjust for age, sex ICU treatment. Secondary outcomes patterns, patient demographics consumption. Results A total 493 instances 333 patients were observed during period. proportion MDRPA declined from 21% (62/291) pre-pandemic 9% (19/202) post-pandemic (adjusted OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.18–0.79, p = 0.01). occurrence hospitalization following an initial instance non-MDRPA rare unlikely happen earlier than after 2 weeks. After pandemic, we no cases involving cardiovascular or pulmonary diseases marked reductions burn injuries organ transplants. Furthermore, ciprofloxacin tobramycin use significantly decreased pandemic. Overall in-hospital mortality among remained high (28%), substantial differences time periods. Conclusion a decline possibly driven intensified infection control measures, shifts populations.

Язык: Английский

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa: persistence beyond antibiotic resistance

Trends in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 1, 2025

The persistence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in chronic infections extends beyond the issue antibiotic resistance. A critical, yet unresolved question is why antibiotics fail to eradicate all infecting bacteria, despite P. often being phenotypically susceptible. This highlights need for a comprehensive understanding mechanisms, which we consider be directly rooted host-pathogen interactions and are frequently overlooked. We propose that both gene regulatory adaptation adaptive genetic evolution play fundamental roles long-term aeruginosa. Elucidating these complex has profound clinical implications, but their elucidation depends on access advanced innovative model systems accurately replicate relationships.

Язык: Английский

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N-Alkane Assimilation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Its Interactions with Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(11), С. 1028 - 1028

Опубликована: Окт. 31, 2024

strains with potential for degrading

Язык: Английский

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Emergence of NDM-1-Producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa Nosocomial Isolates in Attica Region of Greece

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(9), С. 1753 - 1753

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2024

Here, we report on the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant NDM-1-producing P. aeruginosa isolates from patients hospitalized in Attica region, Greece, 2022 to provide data their resistome, virulome, genetic environment blaNDM-1, molecular epidemiology. A total 17 carbapenem-resistant identified as NDM-producers by immunochromatography at hospital level were sent Central Public Health Laboratory, frame laboratory surveillance pathogens, for further characterization. The initial screening AMR determinants was carried out PCR MDR Direct Flow Chip assay. Typing performed MLST DLST, latter a subset isolates. Further analysis whole-genome sequencing (WGS) six both hospitals analyze entire genomes elucidate relatedness. All allocated international high-risk clones, sixteen ST773 one ST308. Five sole ST308 isolate found harbor blaNDM-1 gene, along with various other ARGs integrated into chromosomes, well wide variety virulence genes. gene located integrative conjugative elements ICE6600-like ICETn43716385 isolates, respectively. Single-nucleotide polymorphism five indicated clonal hospitals. These results suggested that two different events contributed Athenian hospitals, highlighting need ongoing surveillance.

Язык: Английский

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