Stress-Induced Depression and Alzheimer’s Disease: Focus on Astrocytes

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(9), С. 4999 - 4999

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2022

Neurodegenerative diseases and depression are multifactorial disorders with a complex poorly understood physiopathology. Astrocytes play key role in the functioning of neurons norm pathology. Stress is an important factor for development brain disorders. Here, we review data on effects stress astrocyte function evidence involvement dysfunction Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Stressful life events risk depression; meanwhile, AD. Clinical indicate atrophic changes same areas brain, hippocampus prefrontal cortex (PFC), both pathologies. These regions regulating response most vulnerable to action glucocorticoids. PFC astrocytes critically involved depression. alters can result pyroptotic death not only neurons, but also astrocytes. BDNF-TrkB system plays normalizing response, appears be Astrocytes, being target glucocorticoids, promising treatment stress-dependent

Язык: Английский

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Leveraging the glymphatic and meningeal lymphatic systems as therapeutic strategies in Alzheimer’s disease: an updated overview of nonpharmacological therapies

Molecular Neurodegeneration, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 20, 2023

Understanding and treating Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been a remarkable challenge for both scientists physicians. Although the amyloid-beta tau protein hypothesis have largely explained key pathological features of disease, mechanisms by which such proteins accumulate lead to progression are still unknown. Such lack understanding disrupts development disease-modifying interventions, leaving therapeutic gap that remains unsolved. Nonetheless, recent discoveries glymphatic pathway meningeal lymphatic system as components driving central solute clearance revealed another mechanism underlying AD pathogenesis. In this regard, narrative review integrates systems essential involved in Moreover, it discusses emerging evidence suggesting nutritional supplementation, non-invasive brain stimulation, traditional Chinese medicine can improve pathophysiology increasing and/or function. Given physical exercise is well-regarded preventive pro-cognitive intervention dementia, we summarize mediating effects AD. Targeting these holds promise more effective treatment strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Amyloid-β and Phosphorylated Tau are the Key Biomarkers and Predictors of Alzheimer’s Disease

Aging and Disease, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 0 - 0

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a age-related neurodegenerative and major public health concern both in Texas, US Worldwide. This mainly characterized by amyloid-beta (Aβ) phosphorylated Tau (p-Tau) accumulation the brains of patients with AD increasing evidence suggests that these are key biomarkers AD. Both Aβ p-tau can be detected through various imaging techniques (such as positron emission tomography, PET) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. The presence individuals, who asymptomatic or have mild cognitive impairment indicate an increased risk developing future. Furthermore, combination often used for more accurate diagnosis prediction progression. Along being disease, it associated other chronic conditions such cardiovascular obesity, depression, diabetes because studies shown comorbid make people vulnerable to In first part this review, we discuss biofluid-based Aβ, p-Tau & plasma could alternative sensitive technique diagnose second part, underlying molecular mechanisms linked how they affect clinical care.

Язык: Английский

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New horizons in the diagnosis and management of Alzheimer’s Disease in older adults

Age and Ageing, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 53(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Abstract Alzheimer’s Disease (ad) is the most common cause of dementia, and in addition to cognitive decline, it directly contributes physical frailty, falls, incontinence, institutionalisation polypharmacy older adults. Increasing availability clinically validated biomarkers including cerebrospinal fluid positron emission tomography assess both amyloid tau pathology has led a reconceptualisation ad as clinical–biological diagnosis, rather than one based purely on clinical phenotype. However, co-pathology frequent adults which influence accuracy biomarker interpretation. Importantly, some with positive or pathological may never experience impairment dementia. These strides towards achieving an accurate diagnosis are occurring alongside recent phase 3 trial results reporting statistically significant effects anti-amyloid Disease-Modifying Therapies (DMTs) disease severity early ad. real-world benefit these DMTs not clear concerns remain regarding how will translate populations, potential adverse (including amyloid-related imaging abnormalities), can be severe healthcare systems readiness afford deliver appropriate populations. Here, we review advances diagnostic classification future treatment living Advocating for access more must done so holistic gerontologically attuned fashion, geriatricians advocating enhanced multi-component multi-disciplinary care all This includes those across spectrum potentially ineligible emerging DMTs.

Язык: Английский

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Tauroursodeoxycholic acid: a bile acid that may be used for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 18

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2024

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative that has become one of the main factors affecting human health. It serious impacts on individuals, families, and society. With development population aging, incidence AD will further increase worldwide. Emerging evidence suggests many physiological metabolic processes, such as lipid metabolism, are implicated in pathogenesis AD. Bile acids, undertakers play an important role occurrence disease. Tauroursodeoxycholic acid, endogenous bile been proven to possess therapeutic effects different diseases, including This review tries find relationship between acid metabolism AD, well explore potential taurocursodeoxycholic for this The mechanisms may include reducing deposition Amyloid-β protein, regulating apoptotic pathways, preventing tau hyperphosphorylation aggregation, protecting neuronal synapses, exhibiting anti-inflammatory properties, improving disorders. objective study shed light use tauroursodeoxycholic preparations prevention treatment with aim identifying effective targets clarifying various involved

Язык: Английский

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Alzheimer Disease Treatment With Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors and Incident Age-Related Macular Degeneration

JAMA Ophthalmology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 142(2), С. 108 - 108

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a serious and common ophthalmologic disorder that hypothesized to result, in part, from inflammatory reactions the macula. Alzheimer disease (AD) treatment, acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs), have anti-inflammatory effects it remains unclear if they modify risk of AMD.

Язык: Английский

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Amyloid-induced neurodegeneration: A comprehensive review through aggregomics perception of proteins in health and pathology

Ageing Research Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 96, С. 102276 - 102276

Опубликована: Март 16, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Harnessing the potential of mesenchymal stem cells–derived exosomes in degenerative diseases

Regenerative Therapy, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 26, С. 599 - 610

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have gained attention as a promising therapeutic approach in both preclinical and clinical osteoarthritis (OA) settings. Various joint cell types, such chondrocytes, synovial fibroblasts, osteoblasts, tenocytes, can produce release extracellular vesicles (EVs), which subsequently influence the biological activities of recipient cells. Recently, derived from mesenchymal (MSC-EVs) shown potential to modulate various physiological pathological processes through modulation cellular differentiation, immune responses, tissue repair. This review explores roles MSC-EVs OA rheumatoid arthritis, cardiovascular disease, age-related macular degeneration, Alzheimer's other degenerative diseases. Notably, we provide comprehensive summary exosome biogenesis, microRNA composition, mechanisms intercellular transfer, their evolving role highlight exosome-based treatments avenues.

Язык: Английский

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Alzheimer's disease: a comprehensive review of epidemiology, risk factors, symptoms diagnosis, management, caregiving, advanced treatments and associated challenges

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11

Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2024

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by cognitive decline, memory loss, and impaired reasoning. It the leading cause of dementia in older adults, marked pathological accumulation amyloid-beta plaques neurofibrillary tangles. These changes lead to widespread neuronal damage, significantly impacting daily functioning quality life.

Язык: Английский

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CEST imaging combined with 1H-MRS reveal the neuroprotective effects of riluzole by improving neurotransmitter imbalances in Alzheimer’s disease mice

Alzheimer s Research & Therapy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025

The imbalance of glutamate (Glu) and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmitter system plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis Alzheimer's disease (AD). Riluzole is Glu modulator originally approved for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis that has shown potential neuroprotective effects various neurodegenerative disorders. However, whether riluzole can improve GABA homeostasis AD brain its related mechanism action remain unknown. This study utilized chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging combined with proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to monitor dynamic changes riluzole-treated mice, aiming evaluate efficacy treatment. GluCEST, GABACEST 1H-MRS were used longitudinally levels 3xTg mice treated (12.5 mg/kg/day) or vehicle 20 weeks. Magnetic measurements performed at baseline, 6, 12, weeks post-treatment. Cognitive performance was assessed using Morris Water Maze (MWM) 10, At endpoint, immunohistochemistry, Nissl staining, Western blot pathology, neuronal survival, protein expression. consistently revealed higher compared untreated controls, which associated improvements spatial learning memory. cognitive significantly correlated increased GluCEST signals levels. Immunohistochemistry staining demonstrated treatment reduced amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition, tau hyperphosphorylation, GFAP-positive astrocyte activation, prevented loss. Moreover, upregulated expression excitatory amino transporter 2 (EAAT2), glutamic decarboxylase 65/67 (GAD65/67), glutamine synthetase (GS), suggesting enhanced metabolism. CEST effectiveness modulating Glu- GABA-related improving function potentially through regulating key proteins involved These findings suggest as therapeutic agent highlight utility multimodal MR monitoring response exploring mechanisms.

Язык: Английский

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