Inflammatory biotype of ADHD is linked to chronic stress: a data-driven analysis of the inflammatory proteome

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2024

The association between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and low-grade inflammation has been explored in children but rarely adults. Inflammation is characteristic of some, not all, patients with ADHD might be influenced by medication also lifestyle factors including nutrition, smoking, stress. It still unclear if any specific symptoms are related to inflammation. Therefore, we assessed 96 inflammatory proteins a deeply phenotyped cohort 126 adult participants stable status using OLINK technology. A data-based, unsupervised hierarchical clustering method could identify two distinct biotypes within the based on their profile: higher potential (HIP) lower protein (LIP) group. Biological processes that differed strongest groups were NF-κB pathway, chemokine signaling, IL-17 metabolic alterations, attraction. comparison sample characteristics revealed HIP group was more likely have levels chronic stress (p < 0.001), clinical global impression scale score = 0.030), risk for suicide 0.032). Medication did influence significantly ≥ 0.074), psychotropic co-medication ≤ 0.009) did. In conclusion, our data suggest presence adults ADHD. Higher linked perceived linear fashion. Further research should take into account.

Язык: Английский

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Clinical efficacy of neurofeedback protocols in treatment of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A systematic review

Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 335, С. 111723 - 111723

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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From attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder to sporadic Alzheimer’s disease—Wnt/mTOR pathways hypothesis

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17

Опубликована: Фев. 16, 2023

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder with majority of patients classified as sporadic AD (sAD), in which etiopathogenesis remains unresolved. Though sAD argued to be a polygenic disorder, apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4, was found three decades ago pose strongest genetic risk for sAD. Currently, only clinically approved disease-modifying drugs are aducanumab (Aduhelm) and lecanemab (Leqembi). All other treatment options purely symptomatic modest benefits. Similarly, attention-deficit hyperactivity (ADHD), one neurodevelopmental mental disorders children adolescents, acknowledged persist adulthood over 60% patients. Moreover, ADHD whose not completely understood, large proportion respond well (first-line psychostimulants, e.g., methylphenidate/MPH), however, no therapy exists. Interestingly, cognitive impairments, executive, memory deficits seem ADHD, but also early stages mild impairment (MCI), dementia, including Therefore, many hypotheses that might have similar origins or they intercalate another, shown recently may considered factor Intriguingly, several overlaps been between two disorders, inflammatory activation, oxidative stress, glucose insulin pathways, wingless-INT/mammalian target rapamycin (Wnt/mTOR) signaling, altered lipid metabolism. Indeed, Wnt/mTOR activities were modified by MPH studies. play role animal models disorder. MCI phase successful apathy some improvement cognition, according recent meta-analysis. In models, ADHD-like behavioral phenotypes observed indicating possible interconnection AD. this concept paper, we will discuss various evidence human supporting hypothesis increase sAD, involvement Wnt/mTOR-pathway leading lifespan alteration at neuronal levels.

Язык: Английский

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From neurons to brain networks, pharmacodynamics of stimulant medication for ADHD

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 164, С. 105841 - 105841

Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2024

Stimulants represent the first line pharmacological treatment for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and are among most prescribed psychopharmacological treatments. Their mechanism of action at synaptic level has been extensively studied. However, it is less clear how their determines clinically observed benefits. To help bridge this gap, we provide a comprehensive review stimulant effects, with an emphasis on nuclear medicine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. There evidence that stimulant-induced modulation dopamine norepinephrine neurotransmission optimizes engagement task-related brain networks, increases perceived saliency, reduces interference from default mode network. An acute administration stimulants may reduce alterations in untreated individuals fronto-striato-parieto-cerebellar networks during tasks or rest. Potential effects prolonged remain controversial. Overall, neuroimaging fostered understanding action. studies often limited by small samples, short no follow-up, methodological heterogeneity. Future should address age-related longer-term potential differences stimulants, predictors response.

Язык: Английский

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Pathogenesis-directed therapy of methylphenidate-induced oxidative heart damage in rats

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025

The current study aimed to investigate the protective effects of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), metyrosine, and melatonin on possible methylphenidate cardiotoxicity in rats using biochemical histopathological methods. Thirty were separated into five groups: healthy (HG), (MP), ATP + (ATMP), metyrosine (MSMP), (MLMP). (5 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally once daily, (50 orally twice (10 daily. Methylphenidate administered daily for 1 h after ATP, melatonin. protocol repeated 30 days. Subsequently, blood samples taken from tail veins animals measure adrenaline, noradrenaline, dopamine, troponin I (TP I) creatine kinase MB (CK-MB) levels; then euthanized heart tissues extracted. Tissues analyzed malondialdehyde (MDA), total glutathione (tGSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) histopathologically. In MP group, MDA, TP I, CK-MB levels increased (p < 0.001) tGSH, SOD, CAT decreased compared HG, histopathologic damage developed. Oxidant lower antioxidant higher ATMP, MSMP, MLMP groups group 0.001). Catecholamine measured MSMP 0.05), with lowest being melatonin, metirozin applications effective different degrees preventing changes. This may guide clinical trials prevent methylphenidate-induced myocardial injury.

Язык: Английский

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Methylphenidate augmentation for Electroconvulsive therapy-resistant major depressive disorder.

Asian Journal of Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 104, С. 104372 - 104372

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Dietary Alignment with the Mediterranean Diet is Associated with a Lower Risk of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in University Students: A Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of the American Nutrition Association, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 8

Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2025

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders childhood, causing cognitive and social dysfunctions. Symptoms may persist into adolescence adulthood or occur later in life without childhood onset. Nutrition, which an environmental risk factor, also important treatment ADHD. The Mediterranean diet (MD) a dietary model accordance with nutritional recommendations indicated aim this study was to investigate relationship between ADHD alignment MD. This cross-sectional conducted 440 students aged 18 24 years studying at Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Türkiye. data collection tools used were sociodemographic characteristics form, MD Quality Index (KIDMED), Adult Self-Report Scale (ASRS). mean scores for Deficit subscale, Hyperactivity/Impulsivity total ASRS score participants low significantly higher than those moderate high (p < 0.001). KIDMED showed strong negative correlation (r = -0.681; p 0.001) subscale -0.643; -0.533; According results multivariate linear regression analysis, one-unit increase associated decrease 2.333 units (β -2.333, Greater lower symptoms, including attention hyperactivity/impulsivity, positive subscales suggests that these symptoms often co-occur. Though findings suggest help reduce risk, design precludes causal inference.

Язык: Английский

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From hyper- to hypo-: ADHD medications & sexual dysfunction

The Journal of Sexual Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Cardiovascular Risk Associated with the Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults

Current Cardiology Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 27(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Identification of immune cells and circulating inflammatory factors associated with neurodevelopmental disorders by bidirectional Mendelian randomization and mediation analysis

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 14, 2025

Abstract The roles of various immune cells and circulating inflammatory factors in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) remain controversial. Therefore we employed a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization mediation method to explore the causal relationships between cells, factors, NDDs. All data were originated from Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) datasets. We found significant positive relationship 13 autism spectrum disorder (ASD), including six CD8+ T one CD3+ cell, two CD20+ B CD38+ plasmacytoid DC. 9 showed with ASD: interleukins-7 (IL-7), interleukins-2 (IL-2), Interleukin-2 receptor subunit beta levels( IL-2β) interleukins-18 1 levels (IL-18-R1) negatively associated. In contrast, five positively associated, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). 14 exhibited attention deficit hyperactivity (ADHD). CD3 on naive CD8br CD4 activated Treg while four CD27-expressing associated ASD. Four CD40-expressing monocytes ADHD. 7 had ADHD: Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 (FGF-23), CD40L levels, Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic (GDNF), TNF-α more important among these. Mediation analysis identified 12 mediating relationships, three showing strong evidence: Natural killer cell 2B4 (19.9%), FGF-23 (11%), Eotaxin (− 5.95%). Strong existed Inflammatory mediated pathways

Язык: Английский

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