Feeding Drosophila gut microbiomes from young and old flies modifies the microbiome

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2024

Abstract It is becoming increasingly evident that the myriad of microbes in gut, within cells and attached to body parts (or roots plants), play crucial roles for host. Although this has been known decades, recent developments molecular biology allow expanded insight into abundance function these microbes. Here we used vinegar fly, Drosophila melanogaster , investigate fitness measures across lifetime flies fed a suspension gut harvested from young or old flies, respectively. Our hypothesis was constitutively enriched with ‘Young microbiome’ would live longer be more agile at age (i.e. have increased healthspan) compared an ‘Old microbiome’. Three major take home messages came out our study: (1) microbiomes differ markedly; (2) feeding Young Old altered microbiome recipient (3) two different microbial diets did not any effect on locomotor activity nor lifespan contradicting working hypothesis. Combined, results provide novel interplay between hosts their clearly highlight phenotypic effects transplants probiotics can complex unpredictable.

Язык: Английский

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Drug–Drug Interactions in Nosocomial Infections: An Updated Review for Clinicians

Pharmaceutics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(9), С. 1137 - 1137

Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2024

Prevention, assessment, and identification of drug–drug interactions (DDIs) represent a challenge for healthcare professionals, especially in nosocomial settings. This narrative review aims to provide thorough assessment the most clinically significant DDIs antibiotics used healthcare-associated infections. Complex poly-pharmaceutical regimens, targeting multiple pathogens or one pathogen presence another comorbidity, have an increased predisposition result life-threatening DDIs. Recognising, assessing, limiting infections offers promising opportunities improving health outcomes. The objective this is clinicians with practical advice prevent mitigate DDIs, aim increasing safety effectiveness therapy. DDI management importance individualising therapy according patient, disease status, associated comorbidities.

Язык: Английский

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Optimizing epidemic prevention in nursing homes using clinical surveillance of respiratory infections

Infection Prevention in Practice, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 100444 - 100444

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Advancements in Managing Choledocholithiasis and Acute Cholangitis in the Elderly: A Comprehensive Review

Cureus, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 4, 2025

The increasing elderly population has led to a rising prevalence of choledocholithiasis and acute cholangitis, presenting unique diagnostic therapeutic challenges owing age-related physiological changes multiple comorbidities. This comprehensive review synthesizes current evidence recent advances in managing these conditions patients, with particular focus on innovations, strategies, perioperative optimization. Recent modalities, including enhanced imaging techniques AI-assisted systems, have improved early detection accuracy, whereas minimally invasive interventions, particularly endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE), demonstrated superior outcomes when combined care. implementation multidisciplinary approaches personalized treatment strategies significantly patient outcomes, supporting the critical role antibiotic intervention, careful surgical selection, recovery protocols reducing morbidity mortality. optimal management patients cholangitis requires systematic, individualized approach incorporating advanced techniques, care, while future research should developing age-specific algorithms validating novel approaches.

Язык: Английский

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Optimizing Antibiotic Use in Older Adults Through Digital Health Initiatives

Current Infectious Disease Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 27(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025

Abstract Purpose of Review The goal this paper is to explore the impact digital health technologies (DHTs) on antibiotic utilization in older adults. aims address how these are implemented improve stewardship, age-specific challenges, and manage infection risks vulnerable population while assessing limitations, ethical issues, educational barriers, potential benefits. Recent Findings research highlights DHTs enhance use management among Telehealth has increased access infectious disease specialists stewardship services, with promising outcomes like remote monitoring, telemedicine, AI-driven surveillance may advance outbreak response, predict resistance patterns, personalize therapy. Home diagnostic kits physiological sensors offer convenience but face challenges accuracy, patient education, literacy. Summary Further needed validate optimize for population. Risks such as overprescribing due virtual limitations need additional consideration adults require more attention study technical barriers must be addressed maximize benefits

Язык: Английский

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Enhancing antibiotic therapy through comprehensive pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic principles

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15

Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2025

Antibiotic therapy relies on understanding both pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD), which respectively address drug absorption, distribution, elimination, the relationship between concentration antimicrobial efficacy. This review synthesizes decades of research, drawing from in-vitro studies, in-vivo models, clinical observations, to elucidate temporal dynamics antibiotic activity. We explore how these dynamics, including concentration-effect relationships post effects, inform classification antibiotics based their PD profiles. Additionally, we discuss pivotal role PK/PD principles in determining optimal dosage regimens. By providing a comprehensive overview therapy, this aims enhance improve treatment outcomes practice.

Язык: Английский

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Gram-positive infections in special populations. Expert view on the role of dalbavancin

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

This review considers special populations as those patients for whom Gram-positive infections are particularly challenging to treat. We examine the potential benefits of dalbavancin in these patients. focus on with renal impairment, hepatic failure or obesity, and, also, pediatric patients, elderly and socially vulnerable individuals. Five independent experts conducted exhaustive literature searches PubMed. Papers were selected inclusion according their relevance topic. For each population, we outline most significant characteristics infection management, describing challenges frequent infections, reviewing role dalbavancin. Dalbavancin may be a valid alternative overcome difficulties management populations. hope our insights will prove useful patient-centered care. A long half-life, evidence-based efficacy good safety profile make an adequate option, oral treatment continued IV access challenging, hospital stay is more impactful.

Язык: Английский

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Antibiotic Utilization Among Health Insurance Patients in a Secondary Health Facility in Nigeria

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 12, 2025

The World Health Organization (WHO) AWaRe Classification categorizes antibiotics into Access, Watch, and Reserve groups to promote rational use mitigate antimicrobial resistance. insurance beneficiaries constitute a distinct population for investigating antibiotic prescribing patterns due their access healthcare services the availability of comprehensive prescription data. Nevertheless, research has demonstrated that practices among insured populations frequently deviate from recommended guidelines, with overprescription inappropriate utilization being most cases. This study aims assess by adopting WHO classification defined daily dose (DDD) metric system. Method prospective was conducted at secondary health facility in Nigeria. Data on prevalence were obtained patients’ medical records. Antibiotic consumption determined using prescriptions least an antibiotic. Multivariable logistic regression analysis performed identify predictors prescription. A p-value less than 0.05 considered be statistically significant. Results Of included this study, 30.3% contained antibiotics. Age (p = < 0.0001), marital status 0.006), type chronic illness 0.0001) significantly associated Azithromycin exhibited highest DDD (1.94/DDD/1000/Day) compared other antibiotics, while Levofloxacin Erythromycin not present Essential Medicine List. Furthermore, Access category (59.5%) prescribed category, metronidazole (25.6%) commonly Advanced age (AOR 3.99; 95% CI 1.76, 9.03) female sex 1.67; 1.09, 2.56) increased odds prescription, whereas polypharmacy 0.25; 0.17, 0.37) absence conditions 0.37; 0.21, 0.64) lower Conclusion did find any reserve within observed more prevalent participants azithromycin, classified as watch antibiotic, pattern.

Язык: Английский

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The safety profiles of fluoroquinolones

Infectious Diseases Now, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 55(4), С. 105064 - 105064

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Molecular Analysis of Tigecycline Resistance in Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) in Mthatha and Surrounding Hospitals

Antibiotics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(4), С. 407 - 407

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2025

Background: The emergence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales is prevalent and poses a significant threat to health systems worldwide. This study aimed conduct molecular analysis tigecycline resistance in 100 CRE isolates from Mthatha Hospital surrounding hospitals. Methods: A retrospective among patients who attended Nelson Mandela Academic (NMAH) Regional (MRH), Eastern Cape, South Africa. were identified using the Vitek2® system (bioMérieux); an E-test was performed on according manufacturer’s instructions. PCR assays for rapid detection tet(X) its variants, including tet(X1) tet(X2), high-level genes tet(X3), tet(X4), tet(X5) developed. Results: results show notably high prevalence infections neonatal, male surgical, maternal pediatric wards, predominantly driven by Klebsiella species (53.4%), followed Enterobacter (20.5%) then Escherichia coli (6.7%), 7.2% resistant (E-test). In this study, not as primary mechanism resistance. risk factors associated with include age, pre-exposure antibiotics, prolonged hospitalization, undergoing invasive procedures, indicated strong r = 0.9501. Conclusions: gradually evolves, posing all ages; early carbapenemase production clinical infections, carriage states, or both essential prevent hospital-based outbreaks.

Язык: Английский

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