International Journal of River Basin Management,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown, С. 1 - 12
Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2023
The
study
focuses
on
the
analysis
of
trace
metals
in
drinking
water
from
Ganderbal
and
Budgam
districts
Jammu
Kashmir.
We
have
used
high-resolution
inductively-coupled
plasma
mass
spectrometry
(HR-ICP-MS)
to
measure
concentrations
31
samples.
measured
were
then
compared
with
permissible
limits
set
by
United
States
Environmental
Protection
Agency
(USEPA),
Bureau
Indian
Standards
(BIS),
World
Health
Organization
(WHO).
results
indicate
that
arithmetic
mean
several
elements,
including
aluminum
(Al
=
781),
chromium
(Cr
139),
manganese
(Mn
41.86),
nickel
(Ni
25.89),
molybdenum
(Mo
1.30),
cadmium
(Cd
36.86),
mercury
(Hg
67.65),
µg
l−1
found
higher
than
their
respective
limits.
On
other
hand,
such
as
beryllium
(Be
0.14),
boron
(B
32.72),
iron
(Fe
233),
cobalt
(Co
1.79),
copper
(Cu
10.71),
arsenic
(As
0.93),
selenium
(Se
3.13),
strontium
(Sr
257),
zinc
(Zn
43),
antimony
(Sb
1.44),
barium
(Ba
28.56),
gold
(Au
0.91),
lead
(Pb
0.91)
l−1,
had
below
recommended
USEPA,
BIS,
WHO.
To
assess
toxicity
heavy
area,
we
calculated
Heavy
Metal
Toxicity
Load
(HMTL)
for
each
metal.
Based
these
calculations,
concluded
only
(Cd)
(Cr)
need
be
removed
ensure
safety.
also
conducted
a
health
risk
assessment
children
adults
based
metals.
considered
ingestion
dermal
contact
routes
exposure.
Hazard
Index
(HI),
which
indicates
non-carcinogenic
effects,
exceeded
unity
one
element,
(Cd),
adult
groups.
This
suggests
potential
risks
associated
contact.
Additionally,
carcinogenic
(As)
was
identified
further
attention.
evaluated
Pollution
(HPI)
overall
quality
area.
HPI
indicated
good,
pollution
levels
area
low.
Overall,
findings
this
provide
valuable
information
resource
development
supply
agencies.
can
baseline
future
research
monitoring
efforts
region.
International Journal of Environmental & Analytical Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown, С. 1 - 21
Опубликована: Май 8, 2023
The
aim
of
this
study
was
to
assess
the
nitrate
health
risks
due
water
consumption
via
oral
and
dermal
contact
routes
evaluate
geochemical
characteristics
waters
in
Umunya
area,
Nigeria,
as
implied
from
ionic
ratios,
graphical
plots,
multivariate
statistics.
This
is
first
human
associated
with
contamination
semi-urban.
Standard
methods
were
used
achieve
study.
Water
commercial
household
sources
sampled.
Measured
physicochemical
properties
showed
that
resources
are
slightly
contaminated.
Health
hazard
quotient
(oral)
ranged
0–0.5072
for
men,
0–0.5994
women,
0–0.6858
children.
On
other
hand,
maximum
(dermal)
children
0.0013,
0.0016,
0.0042,
respectively.
total
index
respectively
varied
0–0.509,
0–0.601
0–0.690.
Overall,
it
indicated
46.67%,
53.33%,
53.33%
samples
expose
low
chronic
risk
nitrate.
However,
ingestion
higher
than
absorption.
Hydrogeochemical
plots
revealed
Ca2+-Mg2+-HCO3−
Na+-HCO3−
types,
representing
recharge
base
ion
exchange
processes,
respectively,
predominant.
Principal
component
analysis
R-type
hierarchical
clustering
hydrogeochemical
mostly
controlled
by
geogenic
factors
human-related
factors.
geology
area
silicate
weathering
processes
implicated
major
influencers
hydrogeochemistry.
For
sustainable
development
improved
monitoring
insights
provided
paper
considered
very
beneficial.
Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Март 22, 2025
Abstract
Groundwater
is
a
critical
resource
for
sustaining
human
activities,
particularly
in
urban
areas,
where
its
importance
exaggerated
by
growing
water
demands,
expansion,
and
industrial
activities.
Ensuring
future
security
necessitates
an
in-depth
understanding
of
groundwater
recharge
dynamics,
which
are
often
complex
influenced
rapid
urbanization.
The
alarming
decline
resources
both
rural
regions
underscore
the
urgency
advanced
management
strategies.
However,
identifying
evaluating
potential
zones
(GWPZs)
remains
challenge
due
to
dynamic
interplay
hydrogeological
development
factors.
This
study
employs
integrated
approach
combining
geographic
information
system
(GIS),
remote
sensing,
multi-criteria
decision
analysis
using
analytical
hierarchy
process
(MCDA-AHP)
delineate
GWPZs
Sulaymaniyah
Basin
(SB).
methodology
further
supported
data
validated
through
geophysical
investigation
electrical
resistivity
tomography
(ERT)
data.
For
MCDA-AHP,
six
thematic
layers
including
rainfall,
geology,
lineament
density,
slope,
drainage
land
use/land
cover
were
derived
from
satellite
imagery,
geological
surveys,
well
These
ranked
based
on
their
relative
influence
GIS-based
weighted
overlay
generate
maps.
results
identified
three
recharge:
low
(11.26%),
moderate
(45.51%),
high
(43.23%).
Validation
ERT
receiver
operating
characteristics
(ROC)
revealed
strong
agreement,
with
area
under
curve
(AUC)
accuracy
86%.
findings
demonstrate
robustness
approach,
providing
reliable
tool
minimizing
hydrogeophysical
exploration
costs
reducing
number
unsuccessful
boreholes.
