
Foods, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(9), С. 1488 - 1488
Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2025
The valorization of cheese whey, a rich by-product the dairy industry that is in lactose (approx. 70%), proteins (14%), and minerals (9%), represents promising approach for microbial fermentation. With global whey production exceeding 200 million tons annually, high biochemical oxygen demand underlines important need sustainable processing alternatives. This review explores biotechnological potential as fermentation medium by examining its chemical composition, interactions, ability to support synthesis valuable metabolites. Functional microorganisms such lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus helveticus, L. acidophilus), yeasts (Kluyveromyces marxianus), actinobacteria, filamentous fungi (Aspergillus oryzae) have demonstrated efficiently convert into wide range bioactive compounds, including organic acids, exopolysaccharides (EPSs), bacteriocins, enzymes, peptides. To enhance growth metabolite production, can be carried out using various techniques, batch, fed-batch, continuous immobilized cell fermentation, membrane bioreactors. These bioprocessing methods improve substrate utilization yields, contributing efficient whey. compounds diverse applications food, pharmaceuticals, agriculture, biofuels strengthen role resource. Patents clinical studies confirm bioactivities whey-derived metabolites their industrial potential. Whey peptides provide antihypertensive, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, antimicrobial benefits, while bacteriocins EPSs act natural preservatives foods pharmaceuticals. Also, acids propionic biopreservatives food safety health-promoting formulations. results emphasize whey’s significant relevance sustainable, cost-efficient high-quality pharmaceutical, agricultural, bioenergy sectors.
Язык: Английский