Sustainability issues on rice–wheat cropping system

International Soil and Water Conservation Research, Год журнала: 2015, Номер 4(1), С. 64 - 74

Опубликована: Дек. 12, 2015

Rice–wheat cropping system (RWCS) of the South Asia is labour-, water-, capital- and energy-intensive, become less profitable as availability these resources diminished. This could be further aggravated with deterioration soil structure, declining underground water lesser land productivity which ultimately are threat in front sustainable RWCS region. For improving profits, production sustainability this sequence - a paradigm shift required. Scientists recommended different resource-conserving technologies (RCTs) viz. zero tillage, laser levelling, irrigation based on matric potential, bed planting, direct seeding, mechanical transplanting rice crop diversification for purpose. These site specific before selecting any particular RCT region, texture agro-climatic conditions must considered. A solitary approach/RCT might not effective to solve upcoming issue producing more food grains inadequate available land. Therefore, an integrated approach But implementing approach, issues relating discovered, considered addressed holistic manner. In review, attempt was made highlight resulted from practise intensive rice–wheat while framing approach/project such conservation agriculture productions, profits

Язык: Английский

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Multiple cropping systems of the world and the potential for increasing cropping intensity

Global Environmental Change, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 64, С. 102131 - 102131

Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2020

Multiple cropping, defined as harvesting more than once a year, is widespread land management strategy in tropical and subtropical agriculture. It way of intensifying agricultural production diversifying the crop mix for economic environmental benefits. Here we present first global gridded data set multiple cropping systems quantify physical area 200 systems, potential increasing intensity. We use national sub-national on monthly crop-specific growing areas around year 2000 (1998–2002) 26 groups, cropland extent harvested to identify sequential two or three crops with non-overlapping seasons. find 135 million hectares (12% cropland) 85 irrigated 34%, 13% 10% rice, wheat maize area, respectively are under demonstrating importance such cereal production. Harvesting currently single cropped second time could increase by 87–395 hectares, which about 45% lower previous estimates. Some scenarios intensification indicate that it be enough avoid expanding into other uses but attainable will depend local context yields cycle its related costs.

Язык: Английский

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Issues for cropping and agricultural science in the next 20 years

Field Crops Research, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 222, С. 121 - 142

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Rice–wheat system in the northwest Indo-Gangetic plains of South Asia: issues and technological interventions for increasing productivity and sustainability

Paddy and Water Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Drip irrigation and nitrogen management for improving crop yields, nitrogen use efficiency and water productivity of maize-wheat system on permanent beds in north-west India

Agricultural Water Management, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 219, С. 19 - 26

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Rice–wheat cropping systems in South Asia: issues, options and opportunities

Crop and Pasture Science, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 70(5), С. 395 - 395

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2019

The rice (Oryza sativa L.)–wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cropping system is the largest agricultural production worldwide, and practised on 24 Mha in Asia. Many factors have threatened long-term sustainability of conventional rice–wheat systems, including degradation soil health, water scarcity, labour/energy crises, nutrient imbalances, low organic matter contents, complex weed insect flora, emergence herbicide-resistant weeds, greenhouse-gas emissions. Options for improving yield include use resource-conservation technologies such as no-till wheat, laser-assisted land levelling, direct-seeded aerobic rice. However, these are site- situation-specific; example, successful heavy-textured soils but not sandy soils. Other useful strategies seed priming, carbon trading payment, inclusion legumes, eco-friendly biological methods control. Irrigation based matric potential using tensiometers can be saving surplus direct-seeded, These options will contribute to resolving labour energy resources, reducing emissions, increasing soil-quality index. Seed priming with various substances that supplement osmotic pressure (osmotica) a viable option addressing poor stand establishment conservation systems crop yields. To strengthen campaign carbon-payment schemes could introduced machinery should offered at affordable prices. persistent issue burning residues resolved by incorporating into biogas/ethanol biochar production. Because wheat staple foods South Asia, agronomic biofortification enhancing micronutrient contents grains help reduce malnutrition.

Язык: Английский

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Sub-surface drip fertigation with conservation agriculture in a rice-wheat system: A breakthrough for addressing water and nitrogen use efficiency

Agricultural Water Management, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 216, С. 273 - 283

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2019

Язык: Английский

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Challenges and opportunities in productivity and sustainability of rice cultivation system: a critical review in Indian perspective

Cereal Research Communications, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 50(4), С. 573 - 601

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2021

Rice–wheat cropping system, intensively followed in Indo-Gangetic plains (IGP), played a prominent role fulfilling the food grains demand of increasing population South Asia. In northern Indian plains, some practices such as intensive rice cultivation with traditional method for long-term have been associated severe deterioration natural resources, declining factor productivity, multiple nutrients deficiencies, depleting groundwater, labour scarcity and higher cost cultivation, putting agricultural sustainability question. Varietal development, soil water management, adoption resource conservation technologies are key interventions areas to address these challenges. The lesser requiring crops, replacing light-textured rainfed condition, should be encouraged through policy interventions. Direct seeding short duration, high-yielding stress tolerant varieties can successful approach improve input use efficiency under medium–heavy-textured soils. Moreover, integrated suitable cultivars agriculture, mechanized transplanting on zero-tilled/unpuddled field need-based application water, fertilizer chemicals might sustainable production system current scenario. this review study, various challenges productivity possible alternatives solutions overcome discussed details.

Язык: Английский

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Emerging Issues and Potential Opportunities in the Rice–Wheat Cropping System of North-Western India

Frontiers in Plant Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2022

The rice-wheat cropping system (RWCS) is the backbone of Indian farming, especially in north-western region. But continuous adoption RWCS northwest India has resulted major challenges and stagnation productivity this system. Additionally, Indo-Gangetic Plains Pakistan, Nepal, Bangladesh are also facing similar for sustainable production RWCS. Several emerging problems, such as exhausting nutrient pool soil, deteriorating soil health, groundwater depletion, escalating cost, labor scarcity, environmental pollution due to crop residue burning enhanced greenhouse gas emissions, climatic vulnerabilities, herbicide resistance weed species, a few threats its sustainability. To address these challenges, wide range intensification technologies have been developed reduce irrigation requirements, tillage intensity, straw burning. Awareness capacity building stakeholders policy matching/advocacy need be prioritized adopt time- need-based strategies at ground level combat challenges. This review summarizes current status region country focuses on precision management options achieving high productivity, profitability,

Язык: Английский

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Rice straw biochar application to soil irrigated with saline water in a cotton-wheat system improves crop performance and soil functionality in north-west India

Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 295, С. 113277 - 113277

Опубликована: Июль 23, 2021

Язык: Английский

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