Trained immunity in the pathogenesis of vitiligo

Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 36(5), С. 348 - 354

Опубликована: Июнь 9, 2023

Abstract Vitiligo is caused by an autoimmune reaction against melanocytes leading to melanocyte loss. The cause of vitiligo interaction between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors. Both the adaptive immune system—through cytotoxic CD8+ T cells specific antibodies—and innate system are involved in these processes vitiligo. While recent data stressed importance immunity vitiligo, question remains why patients' response becomes overly activated. Could a long‐term increase memory function, described as trained after vaccination other inflammatory diseases, play role enhancer continuous trigger pathogenesis vitiligo? After exposure certain stimuli, able show enhanced immunological secondary trigger, indicating function system, concept termed immunity. Trained regulated epigenetic reprogramming, including histone chemical modifications changes chromatin accessibility that sustained transcription genes. In responses infection, beneficial. However, there indications pathogenic with monocytes presenting features phenotype, resulting increased cytokine production, altered cell metabolism through mTOR signaling, modifications. This hypothesis paper focusses on studies have shown indications, suggesting involvement Future focusing metabolic populations could help elucidating potential pathogenesis.

Язык: Английский

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The Key of the Terminal Stage of Vitiligo: The Death Form of Melanocytes

Dermatologic Therapy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 2025(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Vitiligo is a complex skin disease with multiple genes and targets. Its etiology complex, the final link death or dysfunction of melanocytes. Melanocytes are derived from neural crest cells, their mechanism complex. Currently, more studies have focused on apoptosis, necrosis, ferroptosis, autophagy. Aiming to reveal key terminal stage vitiligo: form melanocytes, we summarize origin, differentiation, migration analyze ontogenetic morphological characteristics melanocytes various forms discuss corresponding in this reviews.

Язык: Английский

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Vitiligo: Etiology and Pathophysiology

IntechOpen eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025

Vitiligo’s etiology is still unclear and remains the subject of many studies. It considered to be an autoimmune-related disease in which autoantigens recognized by T cells from vitiligo patient were identified during last decades. Autoimmune reactions against melanocytes transfer specific antigens are required for development disease. In addition, environmental factors may involved vitiligo’s triggering or facilitating appearance lesions. Recently, oxidative stress has been as a modification microenvironment, several can promote inhibit terms treatments, since number conventional treatment techniques have established, therapy advanced significantly few years. Nevertheless, there currently no permanent vitiligo. necessitates determining signaling pathways target molecules particularly compromised This chapter intends address pathophysiology vitiligo, attempts new developments treatment, biologics Janus kinases (JAK) inhibitors.

Язык: Английский

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Comorbidities Associated with Vitiligo: Results from the EpiChron Cohort

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(2), С. 432 - 432

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2025

Background: Vitiligo is a pigmentation disorder that impacts approximately 0.5% to 2% of the global population. Growing interest surrounds comorbidities associated with vitiligo. This study aimed describe socio-demographic characteristics patients vitiligo in Aragón (Spain) and investigate their comorbidities. Methods: A retrospective observational was conducted using clinical data from individuals EpiChron Cohort (reference population 1.3 million) who were diagnosed between 1 January 31 December 2019. The prevalence chronic calculated logistic regression models, obtaining odds ratio (OR) each comorbidity (dependent variable) according presence or absence (independent variable). We used cut-off point for statistical significance p-value < 0.05. Results: In total, 218 analyzed. mean age 44.0 years, 56.42% female. largest proportion (34.86%) aged 18 44 years. Among all included, 71.5% presented multimorbidity, an average 3.21 conditions most frequently included thyroid disorders (OR: 3.01, p 0.001), ocular hearing abnormalities 1.54, 0.020), inflammatory skin 2.21, connective tissue diseases 1.84, 0.007), lower respiratory tract 1.78, 0.014), urinary infections 1.69, 0.032), cardiac arrhythmias (OR 0.034). Conclusions: research highlights importance understanding broader health implications provides foundation further exploration into complex interplay this dermatologic condition diverse range

Язык: Английский

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Vitiligo-like rash in a patient with lung cancer caused by sintilimab: A case report

World Journal of Clinical Cases, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(14)

Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2025

This article discusses a case involving 63-year-old man with non-small cell lung cancer, who was treated combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The patient five cycles (pemetrexed carboplatin) combined sintilimab, programmed death 1 inhibitor. After the fifth cycle treatment, developed skin itching vitiligo-like rash, which are known side effects Despite dermatological consultation treatment topical corticosteroids, rash worsened while subsided. continued after 15 cycles, tumor showed response reduction in size. increased, but antitumor remained effective. highlights use immunotherapy patients cancer potential effect rash. patient's responded well to despite reaction, not discontinued due its effectiveness. suggests that further studies needed understand mechanism behind vitiligo receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors whether development inhibitor therapy is associated improved prognosis. also underscores importance managing immune-related adverse events context effective treatment.

Язык: Английский

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