Emergence and spatiotemporal incidence of dengue in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Май 29, 2025

This ecological study used surveillance data to examine the spatiotemporal dynamics of dengue in RS from 2007 2023. The temporal progression and geographic distribution cases were analyzed using generalized additive models (GAM), Local Indicators Spatial Association (LISA), scan statistics. During period, 126,067 142 deaths reported, with 80.5% 85.2% occurring between 2022 mean incidence rate was 65.3 per 100,000 inhabitants, mortality 0.11 100,000. GAM analysis demonstrated a marked escalation risk beginning 2019, pronounced intensification onward, indicating an ongoing epidemic. Most fatalities concentrated Northwest Rio Grande Metropolitan Porto Alegre mesoregions. Significant spatial clusters detected Central Eastern Western mesoregions 2021 2023, encompassing approximately 2.8 million individuals. These findings underscore critical need enhance implement robust primary-prevention measures. Such measures are vital for curbing current epidemic mitigating future outbreaks. provides detailed epidemiological assessment expansion RS, highlighting priority areas intervention resource effectively manage evolving public health threats.

Язык: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 surveillance in captive animals at the belo horizonte zoo, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Virology Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2024

The pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has not only affected humans but also raised concerns about its transmission to wild animals, potentially creating natural reservoirs. Understanding these dynamics is critical for preventing future pandemics and developing control strategies. This study aims investigate the presence of in mammals at Belo Horizonte Zoo Brazil, analyzing virus's evolution zoonotic potential. was conducted Zoo, Minas Gerais, covering a diverse population mammals. Oropharyngeal, rectal, nasal swabs were collected from 47 captive animals between November 2021 March 2023. determined using RT-PCR, positive samples sequenced phylogenetic analysis. Consensus genomes classified Pangolin NextClade tools, maximum likelihood phylogeny inferred IQ-Tree. Of tested, nine (19.1%) SARS-CoV-2. Positive included oropharyngeal, swabs, with highest positivity rectal samples. Three successfully sequenced, revealing two variants: VOC Alpha maned wolf (Chrysocyon brachyurus) fallow deer (Dama dama), Omicron western lowland gorilla (Gorilla gorilla). Phylogenetic analysis indicated potential human-to-animal transmission, animal clustering close human same region. highlights various mammal species emphasizing complexity interspecies transmission. detection different variants suggests ongoing viral adaptation new hosts. Continuous monitoring genomic surveillance wildlife are essential understanding outbreaks. These findings underscore need integrated public health strategies that include mitigate risks posed emerging infectious diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Parasitic Protozoa and Other Vector-Borne Pathogens in Captive Mammals from Brazil

Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 5(4), С. 754 - 773

Опубликована: Дек. 2, 2024

In captive environments, mammals are frequently exposed to various parasitic protozoa and other vector-borne pathogens that can impact both animal health public health. Monitoring these is essential for welfare zoonotic disease control. This study aimed investigate the prevalence of in through molecular detection methods at Belo Horizonte Zoo, Brazil. Between November 2021 March 2023, whole blood samples were collected from 40 mammals. Molecular analyses identified piroplasms, Leishmania spp., granulocytic/platelet Anaplasma/Ehrlichia monocytic Ehrlichia Bartonella spp. hemotropic Mycoplasma with a 72.5% positivity rate. Piroplasms found 22.5% (two Pantanal cats, two gorillas, one white rhinoceros, spider monkey, jaguar, tufted capuchin hippo) 12.9% (four maned wolves). Granulocytic/platelet 12.5% (one gorilla four wolves), canis 2.5% animals wolf), 42.5% (six howler monkeys, wolves, gorilla, rhino, southern tamandua, common woolly capuchin, brown brocket deer, agouti, cougar hippo), 17.5% wolf, monkeys European fallow deer). Five Artiodactyla members tested negative A. marginale. Coinfections occurred 34.5% positive samples. Sequencing revealed Theileria Cytauxzoon closely related bicornis felis; B. clarridgeiae henselae; Candidatus haemominutum. Our results showed high occurrence animals, including species, which may pose risk human

Язык: Английский

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Coinfection with Leishmania infantum and Toxoplasma gondii in Domestic Cats from a Region with a High Prevalence of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(1), С. 71 - 71

Опубликована: Дек. 29, 2023

The aim of this study was to investigate the coinfection feline retroviruses (feline immunodeficiency virus—FIV, and leukemia virus—FeLV) with Leishmania infantum Toxoplasma gondii factors associated these pathogens in domestic cats from Mossoró, a city endemic for canine human leishmaniasis situated semiarid region Northeast Brazil. Blood samples 120 were collected, an epidemiological questionnaire applied risk infections. Retroviruses, L. infantum, T. infections assessed using point-of-care ELISA quantitative PCR (qPCR), indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) qPCR, IFAT, respectively. overall seroprevalences observed 35% (95% CI = 27.0–43.8%) FIV, 0.8% 0.1–4.5%) FeLV, 25.8% 18.8–34.3%) gondii, 4.2% 1.7–9.3%) infantum. Coinfection FIV 2.5% (3/120) cats, while 12.5% (15/120) coinfected gondii. No significant association found among investigated agents (p > 0.05). infection multivariable analysis male sex age above 78 months. findings demonstrated high rate Brazilian exposure animals zoonotic opportunistic agents. Due immunosuppressive potential infected retrovirus should be screened coinfections preventative measures adopted.

Язык: Английский

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Nyaki tumort utánzó elváltozás egy 13 éves fiúban: post-COVID-bartonellosis

Orvosi Hetilap, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 165(9), С. 351 - 355

Опубликована: Март 3, 2024

Egy 13 éves fiú lázzal, köhögéssel, szaglásvesztéssel és kb. 2 × 3 cm átmérőjű, jobb oldali nyaki elváltozással jelentkezett hozzátartozójának kíséretében kórházunk gyermekgyógyászati szakambulanciáján. A vizsgálat előtt 24 nappal a dokumentált nasopharyngealis COVID–19-gyorstesztje pozitivitást mutatott. Mivel az ultrahangvizsgálaton beolvadási jeleket nem tapasztaltak, orális antibiotikumterápiát (klaritromicin, 500 mg) javasoltak 7 napig, szerológiai vizsgálatokra vért vettek. beteg nap elteltével újból elváltozás progresszív növekedése miatt. Osztályunkon vékonytű-biopszia, valamint mellkasi CT-vizsgálatok történtek. citológiai C3-diagnózissal zárult anélkül, hogy egyértelműen kizárta volna aspirált sejtek rosszindulatú jellemzőit. CT 60 46 40 mm-es, supraclavicularisan elhelyezkedő inhomogén daganatot írt le, intrathoracalis régió inváziója nélkül, tályogképződés lehetséges jeleivel, azonos vena jugularis kompresszióval. Idővel Bartonella henselae képlet műtéti eltávolítása mellett döntöttünk. Szövettani vizsgálattal nekrotizáló granulomák voltak kimutathatók atípusos jelenléte nélkül. Ezek eredmény alapján bartonellosis diagnózisát állítottuk fel. Bár SARS-CoV-2-fertőzés hatásáról klinikai lefolyására irodalomban találtunk adatot, esetünk kapcsán elképzelhetőnek tartjuk, COVID–19 által legyengített szervezetben bakteriális fertőzés egyébként ártalmatlan betegség helyett súlyosabb képét okozta, melynek megoldását gyógyszeres kezelésre nehezen reagáló teljes jelentette. Orv Hetil. 2024; 165(9): 351–355.

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