Journal of Functional Biomaterials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(6), С. 213 - 213

Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2025

Osteosarcoma (OS), a prevalent primary malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents, has maintained consistent treatment protocols since the 1970s combining surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy. While effective for localized tumors, these strategies show limited efficacy against metastatic or recurrent cases. Although emerging immunotherapies (PD-1 inhibitors, CAR-T-cell therapy) demonstrate therapeutic potential, their clinical impact remains constrained by tumor’s low immunogenicity immunosuppressive microenvironment, resulting suboptimal response rates. The disease’s aggressive nature propensity pulmonary metastasis contribute to poor prognosis, with survival rates showing negligible improvement over five decades despite advances, creating substantial socioeconomic challenges. Recent developments nanomedicine offer promising solutions OS optimization. This review systematically examines nanomaterial applications therapy through materials science lens, analyzing mechanism-specific interventions highlighting notable advancements from past years. We critically evaluate current enhancing while reducing toxicity profiles, ultimately outlining translational pathways key challenges adaptation. analysis establishes framework developing next-generation nanotherapeutic platforms address persistent limitations management.

Язык: Английский