Acta Horticulturae, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 1346, С. 1 - 10
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2022
Язык: Английский
Journal of Environmental Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 365, С. 121381 - 121381
Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2024
Present and future climatic trends are expected to markedly alter water fluxes stores in the hydrologic cycle.In addition, demand continues grow due increased human use a growing population.Sustainably managing resources requires thorough understanding of storage flow natural, agricultural, urban ecosystems.Measurements stable isotopes (hydrogen oxygen) cycle (atmosphere, soils, plants, surface water, groundwater) can provide information on transport pathways, sourcing, dynamics, ages, pools that is difficult obtain with other techniques.However, potential these techniques for practical questions has not been fully exploited yet.Here, we outline benefits limitations applications isotope methods useful managers, farmers, stakeholders.We also describe several case studies demonstrating how support management decision-making.Finally, propose workflow guides users through sequence decisions required apply examples issues.We call ongoing dialogue stronger connection between stakeholders practitioners identify most pressing issues develop best-practice guidelines techniques.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
12
Hydrology and earth system sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 26(13), С. 3673 - 3689
Опубликована: Июль 14, 2022
Abstract. Recent tracer-based studies using stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen showed that different methods for extracting water from plant tissues can return isotopic compositions due to the presence organic compounds because they extract domains. One most used is cryogenic vacuum distillation (CVD), which tends total water. Conversely, Scholander-type pressure chamber (SPC), commonly by tree physiologists measure potential in determine stress, expected only more mobile (i.e., xylem inter-cellular water). However, few reported application SPC analyses, therefore, inter-method comparisons between CVD are great value. In this work, we analyzed variability composition extracted CVD, also considering signature various leaves, twig without bark, with close trunk tree, wood core) species alder, apple, chestnut, beech). The extraction simple, be carried out field, it does not require specific laboratory work as case CVD. main limitation very small volume lignified twigs under stress conditions compared Our results indicated were significantly different. difference obtained two was smaller beech samples chestnut samples. enriched δ2H δ18O, respectively, than We conclude an alternative mostly extracts water, whereas retrieve all stored sampled tissue both living dead cells. aiming quantify relative contribution soil sources transpiration should rely on (which theoretically SPC) (sampled CVD), contains a fraction could longer time.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
29
Journal of Hydrology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 623, С. 129829 - 129829
Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
14
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 326, С. 109159 - 109159
Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
22
Agricultural Water Management, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 298, С. 108870 - 108870
Опубликована: Май 16, 2024
Stable isotopes of hydrogen and oxygen are used in agriculture to investigate the water sources by crops. Yet, isotopic research on irrigated orchards is still scarce. We investigated variability an apple tree plantation Eastern Italian Alps (South Tyrol) during growing seasons 2020 2021. The orchard was subject irrigation trial, whereby a drip system triggered at different soil potential thresholds two treatment types: full (FI, −30 kPa) deficit (DI, −60 kPa). On bi-weekly basis, we sampled precipitation, river water, groundwater for irrigation. At both FI DI, depths bark-devoid branches, cryogenically extracted their water. Isotopic analyses revealed large differences δ18O values belonging treatments, particularly period (up 8.9‰). In xylem were much smaller 1.6‰). Mixing models (EEMMA) estimated larger (vs. rainwater) fraction shallow (5–10 cm) (25–55%) than DI (0–5%), compatible with presence former. plants had deeper root uptake (32.0 ± 11.9 ones (19.3 14.5 period. This agreed results mixing (IsoSource) that use (60–65 (42 18%) lower (13 6%) (34 26% 27 26%) same plasticity explains lacking evidence physiological stress sap flux records supports further improvements precision similar climatic edaphic settings.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4
Agriculture, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(8), С. 1239 - 1239
Опубликована: Июль 27, 2024
Measuring the soil water content (SWC) is a fundamental component of sustainable management resources, preservation, and high irrigation efficiency. Non-destructive SWC measurements using moisture sensors (SMSs) enables timely reduces overirrigation stress. Within this context, performance four commercial single-point (Watermark tensiometer (Irrometer Company, Inc., Riverside, CA, USA), SM150 (Delta-T Devices, Cambridge, UK)), FieldScout TDR300 (Spectrum Technologies, Aurora, IL, USA) one profile PR2 probe UK) were tested under anthropogenic eutric cambisol with silty clay loamy texture (20, 30, 40 cm) to evaluate accuracy sensitivity changes in an irrigated apple orchard. The Watermark additionally laboratory convert tension (kPa) volumetric (%vol.). In general, all SMSs responded SWC, sensor-to-sensor differences. underestimated while TDR overestimated SWC. showed accuracy, i.e., SM150—RMSE-2.24 (20 cm), 2.18 (30 2.34 (40 MSE—5.02 2.93 1.89 PR2—RMSE-1.8 1.3 1.55 MSE-3.23 1.7 2.39 at observed depths.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
4
Journal of Hydrology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 133432 - 133432
Опубликована: Май 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Horticulturae, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(3), С. 405 - 405
Опубликована: Март 21, 2023
In a three-year experiment (2019–2021), the roots of 7-year-old apple trees (Malus domestica cv. ‘Red Jonaprince’) grown under drip irrigation were studied. The aim study was to determine effect on root density at different depths and distances from trunk. working hypothesis assumed that significantly affects total length roots. treatments corresponding calculated water evapotranspiration (ET100), 50% ET (ET50), control (ET0, no irrigation, rainfed conditions), treatment using double-drip lines (2Drops) monitored. Soil cores collected in spring autumn. (TRLt) new vital (TRLv) depth 80 cm evaluated. effects mostly insignificant for TRLt; only dry season 2019 TRLt values irrigated (ET50 ET100) higher, 18.67 km·m−2 17.45 km·m−2, comparison 11.16 ET0, 10 distance tree had statistically significant TRLv near trunk 2020, while autumn 2020 2021, affected greater summary, length. However, an observed certain sampling dates
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
8
Agricultural Water Management, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 289, С. 108532 - 108532
Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2023
With future climatic scenarios foreseeing increased crop water demands and reduced irrigation availability, a deeper knowledge on the dynamics of uptake translocation inside plants is needed. Little known about time interval existing between supply presence trees, whether dripper localization can affect dynamics. Another research gap concerns redistribution in canopy following localized to one side tree. A field pot experiment were designed gain more insight into this context. In experiment, we tested effect different drip layouts extent velocity by apple trees. Trees irrigated using deuterium-enriched one, two, or four drippers per Samples collected from heights at regular intervals event. soil was saturated with labelled samples along tree stem. Labelled detected lowest stem section potted trees after 1 h irrigation. field-grown appeared shoots 4 6 bottom top part canopy, respectively. By increasing number tree, fraction accordingly. However, transport unaffected drippers, averaging 0.60–0.65 m h-1. that only, could be found opposite canopy. Our results suggest amount significantly influence root
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
6
Agricultural Water Management, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 271, С. 107814 - 107814
Опубликована: Июль 8, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
10