Advances in muscle health and nutrition: A toolkit for healthcare professionals

Clinical Nutrition, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 41(10), С. 2244 - 2263

Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2022

Low muscle mass and malnutrition are prevalent conditions among adults of all ages, with any body weight or index, acute chronic conditions, including COVID-19. This article synthesizes the latest research advancements in health malnutrition, their impact on immune function, clinical outcomes. We provide a toolkit illustrations scientific information that healthcare professionals can use for knowledge translation, educating patients about importance identifying treating low malnutrition. focus emerging evidence mitochondrial dysfunction context aging disease, as well cross-talk between skeletal system. address myosteatosis component composition, discuss direct, indirect surrogate assessments ultrasound, computerized tomography, deuterated creatine dilution, calf circumference. Assessments function also included (handgrip strength, physical performance tests). Finally, we nutrition interventions to support anabolism, reduce catabolism, improve patient These include protein amino acids, branched-chain leucine; β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB), vitamin D; n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), polyphenols, oral nutritional supplements. concluded recommendations practice call action focusing evaluating composition targeted interventions, consequently ability

Язык: Английский

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Sarcopenic obesity in older adults: a clinical overview

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 20(5), С. 261 - 277

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Muscle Steatosis and Fibrosis in Older Adults, From the AJR Special Series on Imaging of Fibrosis

American Journal of Roentgenology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 222(5)

Опубликована: Авг. 23, 2023

The purpose of this article is to review steatosis and fibrosis skeletal muscle, focusing on older adults. Although CT, MRI, ultrasound are commonly used image muscle provide diagnoses for a variety medical conditions, quantitative assessment uncommon. This provides radiologists with broad perspective in adults by considering the public health impact, biologic mechanisms, evaluation ultrasound. Promising directions clinical research that entail artificial intelligence algorithms imaging age also reviewed. methods presented hold promise improving common conditions affecting adults, including sarcopenia, frailty, cachexia.

Язык: Английский

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Beyond body mass index: exploring the role of visceral adipose tissue in intensive care unit outcomes

BJA Open, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14, С. 100391 - 100391

Опубликована: Март 29, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Impact of pulmonary rehabilitation on exercise capacity, health-related quality of life, and cardiopulmonary function in lung surgery patients: a retrospective propensity score-matched analysis

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11

Опубликована: Авг. 12, 2024

Background Pulmonary rehabilitation is considered beneficial for patients undergoing lung surgery, yet its specific impacts on exercise capacity, health-related quality of life (HRQL), and cardiopulmonary function require further elucidation. This study aimed to evaluate the effect PR these outcomes in surgery using a retrospective propensity score-matched analysis. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 420 with non-small cell cancer (NSCLC) who underwent from January 2022 May 2024. Among these, 84 received while 336 did not (control group). Propensity score matching (PSM) at 1:1 ratio yielded 46 each group. Baseline characteristics, spirometry, testing, respiratory muscle strength, HRQL, measurements were assessed pre-and post-surgery. Results Before PSM, significant differences existed between groups, group being older having different pulmonary baselines. After groups well-balanced. Postoperatively, showed improvements FEV1/FVC (64.17% vs. 50.87%, p < 0.001), FEV1 (2.31 L/min 1.75 L/min, predicted FVC percentage (88.75% 68.30%, 0.001). Cardiovascular responses lower CI during post-PSM (6.24 L/min/m 2 7.87 , In terms had higher maximal WR (104.76% 90.00%, = 0.017) peak VO2 (1150.70 mL/min 1004.74 mL/min, 0.009). also resulted less leg soreness total CAT scores postoperatively. Muscle indicated significantly smaller reductions ΔHU ESMCSA change Conclusion enhances surgery. It mitigates postoperative loss, underscoring importance management patients.

Язык: Английский

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Interferon Upregulation Associates with Insulin Resistance in Humans

Current Diabetes Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(3)

Опубликована: Март 19, 2024

: In humans, insulin resistance is a physiological response to infections developed supply sufficient energy the activated immune system. This metabolic adaptation facilitates but usually persists after recovery period of infection and predisposes hosts type 2 diabetes vascular injury. patients with diabetes, superimposed worsens control promotes diabetic ketoacidosis. Pathogenic mechanisms underlying during microbial invasions remain be fully defined. However, interferons cause in healthy subjects other population groups, their production increased infections, suggesting that this group molecules may contribute reduced sensitivity. agreement notion, gene expression profiles [transcriptomes] from show robust overexpression interferon-stimulated genes [interferon signature]. addition, serum levels interferon surrogates for activity are elevated resistance. Circulating interferon-γ-inducible protein-10, neopterin, apolipoprotein L1 correlate manifestations, such as hypertriglyceridemia, HDL-c, visceral fat, homeostasis model assessment-insulin Furthermore, downregulation improves Antimalarials hydroxychloroquine reduce improve resistance, reducing risk cardiovascular disease. diverse clinical conditions feature upregulation associated common factor promoting adaptive response. Among these systemic lupus erythematosus, sarcoidosis, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Язык: Английский

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Sarcopenic obesity and the impact on bone health

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 27(3), С. 252 - 255

Опубликована: Март 19, 2024

Purpose of review Sarcopenic obesity is a newly identified pathological entity defined by an increase in body fat mass with associated sarcopenia, characterized loss muscle mass, strength, and function. Recently, the concomitant presence skeletal alteration sarcopenic has been described leading to new clinical osteosarcopenic (OSO). Many studies have tried unravel metabolic complex mechanism this order understand pathophysiology condition aim posing early diagnosis improve therapeutic approaches. The purpose narrative highlight revise recent on issue. Recent findings research field OSO highlighted role nutrition physical activity development management these conditions. While molecular cellular pathways remain partially understood, there growing focus lifestyle interventions as key factors reducing impact OSO. These emphasize need for appropriate strategies quality life decrease morbidity mortality Summary Although pathophysiological underlying are not fully implications underscore expanded field. This crucial enabling implementing effective interventions, goal enhancing life.

Язык: Английский

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Skeletal Muscle

Critical Care Clinics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 41(2), С. 299 - 312

Опубликована: Окт. 3, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Functional performance recovery after individualized nutrition therapy combined with a patient-tailored physical rehabilitation program versus standard physiotherapy in patients with long COVID: a pilot study

Pilot and Feasibility Studies, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2023

Long COVID is suggested to be present in 14 43% of 19-survivors. Literature on this new condition states a need for multidisciplinary approach including physical exercise and nutrition. The aim the current pilot study investigate feasibility proposed protocol prepare randomized controlled that addresses effectiveness personalized multimodal treatment compared standard physiotherapy.This UNLOCK (Nutrition LOComotoric rehabilitation long COVID) study, pragmatic, single center, trial with two groups. Patients persisting symptoms related SARS-CoV-2 infection will receive either physiotherapy or period 12 weeks, consisting individualized program combined nutritional therapy. They followed-up at 6, 12, 18 weeks after randomization.A dealing needed. Because lack clear data fact very heterogenic group, we optimize treatment.ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05254301 (since February 24, 2022).

Язык: Английский

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Visceral fat area measured by electrical bioimpedance as an aggravating factor of COVID-19: a study on body composition

BMC Infectious Diseases, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2023

Severe forms of COVID-19 are more common in patients with abnormal fat distribution, particularly high visceral adiposity. The patient's muscle strength may be reduced during the acute phase infection. Electrical bioimpedance (BIA) is a non-invasive method for measuring body compartments and estimating area (VFA) that can used at bedside.To assess association between several composition parameters, primarily adipose tissue VFA, without diagnosis infection, whether it worsened severity parameters.This retrospective cohort study was conducted private hospital city São Paulo from March 2020 to August 2021. demographic clinical data collected medical reports. Body assessed using InBODY® model S10 bioelectrical impedance device Jamar® digital hydraulic manual dynamometer scale 0 90 kg measure handgrip (HGS).A total 96 mean age 69.1 years (SD 15) were divided into two groups 48 individuals, mass index (odds ratio [OR]: 4.47, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.69, 11.83), (OR: 2.03, CI: 0.48, 8.55), VFA 1.08, 0.33, 3.53) all higher infection group. When evaluated, those had longer stays 0.99, 0.97, 1.01) vasoactive drugs (p = 0.043). Patients poor 3.29 times likely require prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay.The concluded excess weight significantly associated involvement, but related greater fat. use measurement effective, as simple performed setting does not radiation.

Язык: Английский

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