Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder in the United States: a systematic literature review

Current Medical Research and Opinion, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 37(12), С. 2151 - 2161

Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2021

Objective This study synthesized evidence regarding the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in United States (US).Methods A systematic literature review (SLR) identified recently published (2015–2019) observational studies PTSD US via MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PsycINFO databases. Eligible studies' most recent data were collected no earlier than 2013. Data elements extracted included design, sample size, location, source/year(s), population(s), traumatic event type, prevalance estimates with corresponding look-back periods, clinical metrics.Results from 38 articles categorized by population, diagnostic criteria, lookback period. Among civilians, point ranged 8.0% to 56.7%, 1-year 2.3% 9.1%, lifetime 3.4% 26.9%. In military populations, 1.2% 87.5%, 6.7% 50.2%, 7.7% 17.0%. Within these ranges, several derived relatively high quality data; are highlighted review. Prevalence was elevated subpopulations including emergency responders, refugees, American Indian/Alaska Natives, individuals heavy substance use, a past suicide attempt, trans-masculine individuals, women prior sexual trauma. Female sex, lower income, younger age, behavioral health conditions as risk factors for PTSD.Conclusions varied widely, partly due different designs, methodologies, nationally representative lacking. Efforts increase screening improve disease awareness may allow better detection management PTSD.

Язык: Английский

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The Economic Burden of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in the United States From a Societal Perspective

The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 83(3)

Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2022

Objective: To estimate the economic burden of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in United States civilian and military populations from a societal perspective.Methods: A prevalence-based human capital approach was used to total excess costs PTSD 2018 insurance claims data, academic literature, governmental publications. Excess direct health care (pharmacy, medical), non-health (research training, substance use, psychotherapy, homelessness, disability), indirect (unemployment, productivity loss, caregiving, premature mortality) associated with were compared between adults without PTSD, or general population if information not available for PTSD.Results: The US estimated at $232.2 billion ($19,630 per individual PTSD). Total $189.5 (81.6%) $42.7 (18.4%) population, corresponding $18,640 $25,684 populations, respectively. In driven by ($66.0 billion) unemployment ($42.7 costs. disability ($17.8 ($10.1 costs.Conclusions: goes beyond has been found rival other costly mental conditions. Increased awareness development more effective therapies, expansion evidence-based interventions may be warranted reduce large clinical PTSD.

Язык: Английский

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Symptom structure of PTSD and co-morbid depressive symptoms – a network analysis of combat veteran patients

Psychological Medicine, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 50(13), С. 2154 - 2170

Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2019

Abstract Background Despite extensive research, symptom structure of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly debated. The network approach to psychopathology offers a novel method for understanding and conceptualizing PTSD. However, extant studies have mainly used small samples self-report measures among sub-clinical populations, while also overlooking co-morbid depressive symptoms. Methods PTSD topology was estimated in sample 1489 treatment-seeking veteran patients based on clinician-rated measure. Next, symptoms were incorporated into the assess their influence structure. PTSD-symptom then contrasted with 306 trauma-exposed (TE) not meeting full criteria corresponding differences. Finally, directed acyclic graph (DAG) computed estimate potential directionality symptoms, including daily functioning. Results evidenced robust reliability. Flashbacks getting emotionally upset by trauma reminders emerged as most central nodes network, regardless inclusion Distinct clustering within comorbidity network. DAG analysis suggested key triggering role re-experiencing Network significantly distinct from that TE sample. Conclusions psychological reactions reminders, along strong connections other pivotal clinical presentation combat-related veterans. Depressive constitute two separate diagnostic entities, but meaningful between-disorder connections, suggesting mutually-influential systems.

Язык: Английский

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Stigma, biomarkers, and algorithmic bias: recommendations for precision behavioral health with artificial intelligence

JAMIA Open, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 3(1), С. 9 - 15

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2020

Abstract Effective implementation of artificial intelligence in behavioral healthcare delivery depends on overcoming challenges that are pronounced this domain. Self and social stigma contribute to under-reported symptoms, under-coding worsens ascertainment. Health disparities algorithmic bias. Lack reliable biological clinical markers hinders model development, explainability impede trust among users. In perspective, we describe these discuss design recommendations overcome them intelligent systems for mental health.

Язык: Английский

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A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on PTSD Following TBI Among Military/Veteran and Civilian Populations

Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 35(1), С. E21 - E35

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2019

To determine whether persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI) are at greater risk of developing posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than other trauma-exposed populations without TBI, and this is even in military/veteran settings civilian settings.A systematic review meta-analysis was conducted 7 databases. Reference lists from the 33 identified studies relevant reviews were also searched.The pooled PTSD proportion reached 27% (95% confidence interval = 21.8-33.1) groups which 2.68 times observed 11% 8.0-15.0) TBI. after TBI more frequently military samples civilians (37% vs 16%). Military respectively 4.18 1.26 inclined to have a diagnosis when there no The concurrently attributable methods included (objectives focused on diagnosis, type comparison group) characteristics specific setting (country, sex, blast injuries).TBI represent risks for PTSD. dual requires interdisciplinary collaboration, as physical psychological traumas closely intertwined.

Язык: Английский

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Harnessing Artificial Intelligence: Strategies for Mental Health Nurses in Optimizing Psychiatric Patient Care

Issues in Mental Health Nursing, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 44(10), С. 1020 - 1034

Опубликована: Окт. 3, 2023

This narrative review explores the transformative impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on mental health nursing, particularly in enhancing psychiatric patient care. AI technologies present new strategies for early detection, risk assessment, and improving treatment adherence health. They also facilitate remote monitoring, bridge geographical gaps, support clinical decision-making. The evolution virtual assistants AI-enhanced therapeutic interventions are discussed. These technological advancements reshape nurse-patient interactions while ensuring personalized, efficient, high-quality addresses AI's ethical responsible use emphasizing privacy, data security, balance between human interaction tools. As applications care continue to evolve, this encourages continued innovation advocating implementation, thereby optimally leveraging potential nursing.

Язык: Английский

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Lifetime posttraumatic stress disorder as a predictor of mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2023

Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) could potentially increase the risk of mortality, and there is a need for meta-analysis to quantify this association. This study aims determine extent which PTSD predictor mortality.

Язык: Английский

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Clinical presentations, social functioning, and treatment receipt among individuals with comorbid life‐time PTSD and alcohol use disorders versus drug use disorders: findings from NESARC‐III

Addiction, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 114(6), С. 983 - 993

Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2019

To compare individuals with comorbid life-time post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorders [AUD; i.e. no drug (DUD)] those PTSD DUD on past-year prevalence of these disorders, social functioning, psychiatric comorbidities, treatment receipt. The groups were also compared their single diagnosis counterparts.Cross-sectional cohort study using data from the National Epidemiologic Survey Alcohol Related Conditions (NESARC-III).The total sample size was 36 309. Six established: PTSD/AUD, PTSD/DUD, AUD, DUD, PTSD, neither nor AUD/DUD. Life-time AUD among PTSD/DUD 80.2% 73.8%.The Use Disorder Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-DSM-5 version assessed Demographics stability indicators queried. Group characteristics summarized weighted means. Prevalences estimates for adjusted differences in means odds ratios (aORs) derived multiple linear regression logistic models, respectively. Analyses conducted R accounted NESARC-III's complex survey design, clustering, non-response.Compared significantly less likely to have past year (PTSD/AUD = 16.1%; 8.5%; aOR 0.54), more report worse received both addiction mental health 18.4%; 43.2%; 3.88). Compared counterparts, reported greater impairment than groups, whereas PTSD/AUD group differed group.People may require different types intensity intervention people disorder.

Язык: Английский

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A Systematic Review of Intensive Empirically Supported Treatments for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Journal of Traumatic Stress, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 33(4), С. 443 - 454

Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2020

Abstract Various clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have consistently identified two frontline evidence‐based psychotherapies (EBPs)—prolonged exposure (PE) and cognitive processing therapy (CPT)—as well as other empirically supported treatments (EST), such eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR) PTSD (CT PTSD). However, researchers clinicians continue to be concerned with rates symptom improvement patient dropout within these treatments. Recent attempts address issues resulted in intensive, or “massed,” PTSD. Due variability among intensive treatments, including delivery format, fidelity EST, population studied, we conducted a systematic review summarize integrate literature on impact symptoms. A four major databases, no restrictions regarding publication date, yielded 11 studies that met all inclusion criteria. The individual study findings denoted large reduction symptoms, d s = 1.15–2.93, random‐effects modeling revealed weighted mean effect treatment, 1.57, 95% CI [1.24, 1.91]. Results from also noted high completion (i.e., 0%–13.6% dropout; 5.51% pooled rate across studies). suggest can an effective alternative standard contribute improved response reduced dropout.

Язык: Английский

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Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicidal Self-Directed Violence Among U.S. Military Personnel and Veterans: A Systematic Review of the Literature From 2010 to 2018

Frontiers in Psychology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 11

Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2020

Rates of suicide and posttraumatic stress disorder remain high among United States military personnel veterans. Building upon prior work, we conducted a systematic review research published from 2010-2018 regarding: (1) the prevalence suicidal ideation, attempt, veterans diagnosed with disorder; (2) whether was associated 2,106 titles abstracts were screened, 48 articles included. Overall risk bias generally for studies on ideation or attempt low suicide. Across studies, rates widely varied based study methodology assessment approaches. Findings regarding association between diagnosis mixed, some reported that lower In contrast, most significant associations attempt. These findings suggest complex suicide, which are likely influenced by other factors (e.g., psychiatric comorbidity). addition, samples comprised veterans, rather than personnel. Further is warranted to elucidate including identification moderators mediators this relationship. Addressing personnel, gender, in relation different trauma types also necessary.

Язык: Английский

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