Paternal effects on fetal programming

Animal Reproduction, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Paternal programming is the concept that environmental signals from sire's experiences leading up to mating can alter semen and ultimately affect phenotype of resulting offspring. Potential mechanisms carrying paternal effects offspring be associated with epigenetic signatures (DNA methylation, histone modification non-coding RNAs), oxidative stress, cytokines, seminal microbiome. Several opportunities exist for sperm/semen influenced during development; these are within testicle, epididymis, or accessory sex glands. Epigenetic sperm impacted pre-natal pre-pubertal periods, sexual maturity advancing sire age. Sperm susceptible alterations as dictated by their developmental stage at time perturbation, plasma likely have both dependent independent on Research using rodent models has revealed many factors including over/under nutrition, dietary fat, protein, ingredient composition (e.g., macro- micronutrients), exercise, exposure drugs, alcohol, endocrine disruptors all elicit responses evident in phenotype. livestock species also age, fertility level, plane heat stress induce epigenetic, cytokine, microbiome profiles and/or plasma. In addition, recent findings pigs, sheep, cattle indicated blastocysts post-fertilization some continuing into post-natal life Our research group focused understanding common management scenarios nutrition growth rates bulls rams subsequent outcomes. Understanding implication imperative short-term feeding decisions potential impact productivity profitability our herds generations come.

Язык: Английский

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Proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles from tick hemolymph and uptake of extracellular vesicles by salivary glands and ovary cells

Parasites & Vectors, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 13, 2023

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of cell-derived membranous structures that important mediators intercellular communication. Arthropods transport nutrients, signaling molecules, waste and immune factors to all areas the body via hemolymph. Little is known about tick hemolymph EVs. Hemolymph was collected from partially fed Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides Hyalomma asiaticum ticks by making an incision with sterile scalpel in middle (between femur metatarsus) first pair legs, which as leg amputation. EVs were isolated differential centrifugation characterized transmission electron microscopy (TEM) nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). Proteins extracted analyzed 4D label-free proteomics. The also examined western blot immuno-electron analysis. Intracellular incorporation PHK26-labeled tested adding labeled salivary glands ovaries, followed fluorescence microscopy. In this study, 149 273 proteins identified proteomics R. H. EVs, respectively. TEM NTA revealed sizes 133 138 nm, Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes Gene Ontology enrichment analyses pathways related binding, catalytic transporter activity, translation, catabolism, signal transduction cellular community. key EV marker RhCD9, RhTSG101, Rh14-3-3 RhGAPDH using blot. presence RhFerritin-2 confirmed We demonstrated PKH26-labeled internalized ovary cells vitro. results suggest secreted into, circulated by, may play roles regulation development, metabolism reproduction.

Язык: Английский

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Reproductive physiology of the boar: What defines the potential fertility of an ejaculate?

Animal Reproduction Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 269, С. 107476 - 107476

Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2024

Despite decades of research and handling semen for use in artificial insemination (AI) other assisted reproductive technologies, 5-10% selected boar sires are still considered sub-fertile, escaping current assessment methods sperm quality resilience to preservation. As end-product, the ejaculate (emitted spermatozoa sequentially exposed composite seminal plasma, SP) ought define homeostasis testes, epididymis, accessory sexual glands. Yet, linking findings production biology fertility is suboptimal. The present essay critically reviews how a fertile can help us diagnose both health handling, focusing on -available under development- identify suitable biomarkers cryotolerance fertility. Bulk SP, proteins microRNAs (miRNAs) have, albeit linked function after AI, failed enhance outcomes at commercial level, perhaps just being components complex functional pathway. Hence, focus now interaction sperm-SP, comparing vivo with ex vivo, regarding nano-sized lipid bilayer extracellular vesicles (sEVs) as priority. sEVs transport fragile molecules (lipids, proteins, nucleic acids) which, shielded from degradation, mediate cell-to-cell communication female internal genital tract. Such modulates essential processes, immunological tolerance. be harvested, characterized, stored, manipulated, e.g. used andrological diagnosis, selection breeders, alternatively additives improve cryosurvival

Язык: Английский

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Small and Large Extracellular Vesicles of Porcine Seminal Plasma Differ in Lipid Profile

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(13), С. 7492 - 7492

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2024

Seminal plasma contains a heterogeneous population of extracellular vesicles (sEVs) that remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to characterize the lipidomic profile two subsets differently sized sEVs, small (S-) and large (L-), isolated from porcine seminal by size-exclusion chromatography characterized an orthogonal approach. High-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry was used for analysis. A total 157 lipid species 14 classes 4 major categories (sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, glycerolipids, sterols) were identified. Qualitative differences limited cholesteryl ester present only in S-sEVs. L-sEVs had higher levels all quantified due their larger membrane surface area. The distribution pattern different, especially sphingomyelins (more S-sEVs) ceramides L-sEVs). In conclusion, this reveals suggesting they differ biogenesis functionality.

Язык: Английский

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Cryogenic electron microscopy reveals morphologically distinct subtypes of extracellular vesicles among porcine ejaculate fractions

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Июль 13, 2024

Seminal plasma (SP) is rich in extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are still poorly studied, especially livestock species. To better understand their functional role both spermatozoa and endometrial epithelial cells, proper characterization of EVs an essential step. The objective was to phenotypically characterize porcine seminal (sEVs) using cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM), allows visualization native state. Porcine ejaculates released fractions, each containing SP from different source. This sEVs various male reproductive tissues. Two experiments were performed, the first with entire ejaculate (n:6) second three fractions (n:15): 10 mL sperm-rich fraction (SRF-P1) mainly epididymis, remainder SRF (SRF-P2) prostate, post-SRF vesicles. isolated by size exclusion chromatography 1840 cryo-EM sEV images acquired a Jeol-JEM-2200FS/CR-EM. size, density, complexity, peripheral corona layer measured ImageJ software. experiment showed that structurally morphologically heterogeneous, although most (83.1%) small (less than 200 nm), rounded, electrodense, some have coronal layer. There also larger (16.9%) irregularly shaped, more few common SRF-P1 SRF-P2, indicating they originated epididymis prostate. Large abundant post-SRF, heterogeneous. would be explained diversity organs origin.

Язык: Английский

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Isolation and Characterization of Extracellular Vesicle Subsets in Donkey Seminal Plasma

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles in uveal melanoma - biological roles and diagnostic value

Cancer Letters, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 217531 - 217531

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles in reproductive medicines

Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 243 - 281

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

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Unlocking Gamete Quality Through Extracellular Vesicles: Emerging Perspectives

Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(2), С. 198 - 198

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are gaining recognition for their essential role in enhancing gamete quality and improving outcomes assisted reproductive technologies. These nanosized particles, released by cells, carry proteins, lipids, RNAs, facilitating critical cell communication offering the potential to enhance maturation improve fertilization rates. Most research on males has concentrated seminal plasma, a complex fluid produced testes accessory glands vital modulating sperm fertility potential. The components of plasma significantly affect functionality, embryo survival, placental development, making this prominent area interest biology. EVs within contribute maintaining membrane stability, motility, promoting capacitation, which may influence female tract following mating. In females, have been identified both follicular uterine environments, where effective embryo-maternal is crucial. oviduct epithelium supports transport early embryonic with found oviductal playing key processes. support embryo's growth nutrient-rich environment. important studies underscore significant transporting molecular compounds gametes embryos, leading an enhanced understanding manipulation This review aims summarize current benefits highlighting promising implications health.

Язык: Английский

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Protective role of extracellular vesicles against oxidative DNA damage

Biological Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 58(1)

Опубликована: Март 13, 2025

Abstract Background Oxidative stress, a source of genotoxic damage, is often the underlying mechanism in many functional cell disorders. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been shown to be key regulators cellular processes and may involved maintaining redox balance. Herein, we aimed develop method assess effects EVs on DNA oxidation using porcine seminal plasma extracellular (sEVs). Results The technique was set cell-free plasmid avoid bias generated by uptake sEVs sperm cells, employing increasing concentrations hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O ) that generate single-strand breaks (SSBs). Because SSBs contain free 3’-OH end allow extension through quantitative PCR, such -and therefore SYBR intensity- showed proportional amount SSB. In next stage, H co-incubated with two size-differentiated subpopulations (small large) permeabilized non-permeabilized whether intravesicular content (IC) or surface protects from oxidative damage. obtained small reduced incidence ( P < 0.05), whereas large had no impact generation > 0.05). IC protective effect against Conclusions Our results suggest sEVs, including peripheral corona layer, exert function alterations are originated mechanisms. addition, our vitro study opens path detect, localize quantify derived different fluids, elucidating their physiopathological states.

Язык: Английский

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