Virtual and Physical Prototyping,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
19(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2024
Additive
manufacturing
facilitates
the
production
of
parts
with
tailored
mechanical
properties,
yet
achieving
specific
stress–strain
responses
remains
a
significant
challenge
due
to
intricate
relationship
between
printing
parameters
and
material
behaviour.
This
study
introduces
novel
approach
utilising
long
short-term
memory
(LSTM)
models
predict
parameter
configurations
for
extrusion
additive
(MEX)
parts,
aiming
meet
requirements.
The
proposed
framework
transforms
raw
tensile
test
data
LSTM
compatibility,
yielding
coefficient
determination
0.8648
mean
square
error
0.1348
in
inverse
prediction
tasks.
Additionally,
validation
new
resulted
an
percentage
below
2%.
Our
enables
efficient
design
customised
accurate
reducing
need
extensive
experimentation
allowing
adaptation
various
processes.
Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials/Journal of mechanical behavior of biomedical materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
166, С. 106949 - 106949
Advanced Materials Technologies,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2025
Abstract
With
technological
advancement
and
development,
there
is
a
tremendous
increase
in
demand
for
different
smart
materials
because
of
their
stimulation
from
external
sources.
Moreover,
the
time‐dependent
response
provides
insight
into
fabrication
these
using
4D
printing
(4DP)
techniques.
Hence,
this
study
presents
comprehensive
review
4DP
materials.
The
covers
aspects
material,
design
optimization
to
printing.
Herein,
have
been
discussed
detail
based
on
physical,
biological,
chemical
stimuli‐responsive
subtype's
behavior.
For
designing
materials,
usage
tools
such
as
new
software,
finite
element
analysis,
machine
learning
are
also
discussed.
challenging
responsive
natures
complexity
mechanisms.
detailed
present
3D
techniques,
use
4DP,
how
future
applications
can
be
incorporated
with
material
presented.
help
learning,
directions
fabricating
4DP.
challenges
utilization
comprehensively
covered.
Nanotechnology Reviews,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Abstract
The
growing
field
of
4D
printing
has
spurred
extensive
exploration
into
applications
stimulus-responsive
materials,
such
as
hydrogels
for
micro-actuators.
However,
the
hydrogel-based
micro-actuators
fabricated
by
one-step,
single-material
are
typically
bilayer,
and
their
actuation
capabilities
limited.
This
study
proposes
a
novel
gradient
strategy
via
two-photon
polymerization
(2PP)
based
to
enhance
performance
hydrogel
feasibility
this
approach
was
demonstrated
investigating
shrinkage
rates
elastic
moduli
poly(
N
-isopropylacrylamide)
(PNIPAm)
micro-cuboids
printed
at
different
laser
doses
using
confocal
scanning
microscope
atomic
force
microscopy
nano-indentation
respectively.
2PP-based
used
fabricate
bilayer
trilayer
PNIPAm
micro-actuators,
with
dose
programmed
modulate
crosslinking
degree
each
layer.
These
were
actuated
near-infrared
(NIR)
light
in
gold
nanorods
(AuNRs)
solutions.
effects
NIR
powers,
micro-actuator
sizes,
layer
thicknesses
on
behaviors
systematically
investigated.
Compared
12-µm-thickness
micro-actuation,
introduction
transitional
one
significantly
enhanced
amplitude
speed
(the
bending
angle
curvature
increased
about
150
70%,
respectively,
cycle
time
recovery
shortened
35%).
advancements
have
significant
implications
microscale
materials
enhancing
applications.
