The Cerebellar Response to Visual Portion Size Cues Is Associated with the Portion Size Effect in Children

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(5), С. 738 - 738

Опубликована: Март 5, 2024

The neural mechanisms underlying susceptibility to eating more in response large portions (i.e., the portion size effect) remain unclear. Thus, present study examined how responses relate changes weight and energy consumed as increase. Associations were across brain regions traditionally implicated appetite control an appetitive network) well cerebellum, which has recently been appetite-related processes. Children without obesity BMI-for-age-and-sex percentile < 90; N = 63; 55% female) viewed images of larger smaller food during fMRI and, separate sessions, ate four meals that varied size. Individual-level linear quadratic associations between intake (kcal, grams) slopes) estimated. cerebellar lobules IV–VI was associated with slope estimated from gram intake; a greater depicting compared steeper increases increasing sizes. Within network, not slopes. A decreased amounts may increase children’s overeating when excessively are served.

Язык: Английский

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Switching between foods is reliably associated with intake across eating events in children

Appetite, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 197, С. 107325 - 107325

Опубликована: Март 26, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Altered hippocampal effective connectivity predicts BMI and food approach behavior in children with obesity

International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 25(1), С. 100541 - 100541

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

The vicious circle model of obesity proposes that the hippocampus plays a crucial role in food reward processing and obesity. However, few studies focused on whether how pediatric influences potential direction information exchange between key regions, as well these alterations neural interaction could predict future BMI eating behaviors. In this longitudinal study, total 39 children with excess weight (overweight/obesity) 51 normal weight, aged 8 to 12, underwent resting-state fMRI. One year later, we conducted follow-up assessments behaviors BMI. Resting-state functional connectivity spectral dynamic casual modeling (spDCM) technique were used examine altered effective (EC) overweight/obesity. Linear support vector regression, machine learning method, was employed further investigate sensitive hippocampal connections at baseline Compared controls, displayed abnormal bidirectional inhibitory effects right left postcentral gyrus (PoCG), is, stronger hippocampus→PoCG EC but weaker PoCG→hippocampus EC, which predicted approach behavior one later. These findings point particularly important somatosensory cortex behavior, provide novel insights into hierarchical mechanisms underlying childhood expand spDCM adult by identifying directionality circuits associated appetitive regulation.

Язык: Английский

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Food switching at a meal is positively associated with change in adiposity among children at high-familial risk for obesity

Appetite, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 107915 - 107915

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Multimodal Neuroimaging of Obesity: From Structural-Functional Mechanisms to Precision Interventions

Brain Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(5), С. 446 - 446

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2025

Obesity's metabolic consequences are well documented; however, its neurobiological underpinnings remain elusive. This systematic review addresses a critical gap by synthesizing evidence on obesity-induced neuroplasticity across structural, functional, and molecular domains through advanced neuroimaging. According to PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched (2015-2024) PubMed/Web of Science, employing MeSH terms: ("Obesity" [Majr]) AND ("Neuroimaging" [Mesh] OR "Magnetic Resonance Imaging" [Mesh]). A total 104 studies met the inclusion criteria. The criteria required following: (1) multimodal imaging protocols (structural MRI/diffusion tensor imaging/resting-state functional magnetic resonance (fMRI)/positron emission tomography (PET)); (2) pre-/post-intervention longitudinal design. Risk bias was assessed via Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. 1. Structural alterations: 7.2% mean gray matter reduction in prefrontal cortex (Cohen's d = 0.81). White integrity decline (FA β -0.33, p < 0.001) 12 major tracts. 2. Functional connectivity: Resting-state hyperactivity mesolimbic pathways (fALFF + 23%, p-FDR 0.05). Impaired fronto-striatal connectivity (r -0.58 with BMI, 95% CI [-0.67, -0.49]). 3. Interventional reversibility: Bariatric surgery restored activation (Δ +18% vs. controls, 0.002). Neurostimulation (transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) enhanced cognitive control (post-treatment 0.42, 0.009). Obesity induces multidomain neural reorganization beyond traditional reward circuits. Neuroimaging biomarkers (e.g., striatal PET-dopamine binding potential) predict intervention outcomes (AUC 0.79). Precision neuromodulation requires tripartite integration structural guidance, monitoring, profiling. Findings highlight neuroimaging's pivotal role developing stage-specific therapeutic strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Altered hippocampal effective connectivity predicts BMI and food approach behavior in children with obesity

Research Square (Research Square), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 3, 2024

Objective The vicious circle model of obesity proposes that the hippocampus plays a crucial role in food reward processing and obesity. However, few studies focused on whether how pediatric influences potential direction information exchange between key regions, as well these alterations neural interaction could predict future BMI eating behaviors. Methods In this longitudinal study, total 39 children with overweight/obesity 51 normal weight, aged 8 to 12, underwent resting-state fMRI. One year later, we conducted follow-up assessments behaviors BMI. Resting-state functional connectivity (FC) spectral dynamic casual modeling technique were used examine altered effective (EC) overweight/obesity. Linear support vector regression, machine learning method, was employed investigate hippocampal connections at baseline Results Compared controls, displayed abnormal bidirectional inhibitory effects right left postcentral gyrus (PoCG), namely, stronger EC from PoCG but weaker hippocampus, which further predicted approach behavior one later. Conclusion These findings suggest imbalanced appetitive circuitry somatosensory cortex may be sensitive neurobiomarker for childhood behavior, expands by revealing undirectional directional This study is essential developing intervention strategies reducing long-term health-care costs associated

Язык: Английский

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Food Switching at a Meal is Positively Associated with Change in Adiposity Among Children at High-Familial Risk for Obesity

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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