Physical activity, exercise, and chronic diseases: A brief review

Sports Medicine and Health Science, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 1(1), С. 3 - 10

Опубликована: Сен. 25, 2019

Chronic diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide with increasing prevalence in all age groups, genders, and ethnicities. Most chronic disease deaths occur middle-to low-income countries but also a significant health problem developed nations. Multiple now affect children adolescents as well adults. Being physically inactive is associated increased risk. Global societies being negatively impacted by which directly related to rising healthcare expenditures, workforce complications regarding attendance productivity, military personnel recruitment, academic success. However, physical activity (PA) exercise reduced physiologic systems body benefit positively from PA primary prevention secondary prevention/treatment. The purpose this brief review describe global for adults children, how can provide non-invasive means added treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Systematic review and meta-analysis investigating moderators of long-term effects of exercise on cognition in healthy individuals

Nature Human Behaviour, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 4(6), С. 603 - 612

Опубликована: Март 30, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Type 2 diabetes and cognitive dysfunction—towards effective management of both comorbidities

The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 8(6), С. 535 - 545

Опубликована: Май 21, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Combined physical and cognitive training for older adults with and without cognitive impairment: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Ageing Research Reviews, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 66, С. 101232 - 101232

Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2020

Язык: Английский

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The Impact of COVID-19 Quarantine on Patients With Dementia and Family Caregivers: A Nation-Wide Survey

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2021

Previous studies showed that quarantine for pandemic diseases is associated with several psychological and medical effects. The consequences of COVID-19 in patients dementia are unknown. We investigated the clinical changes Alzheimer's disease other dementias, evaluated caregivers' distress during quarantine.

Язык: Английский

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The Effectiveness of Dance Interventions on Psychological and Cognitive Health Outcomes Compared with Other Forms of Physical Activity: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Sports Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 54(5), С. 1179 - 1205

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2024

Abstract Background Physical activity is known to improve psychological and cognitive outcomes. Learning dance sequences may challenge cognition, partnered or group benefit social interactions, the artistic aspect wellbeing. Dance an equally effective form of physical compared with other structured activities health, but it unclear how could be for outcome measures. Objective To systematically review literature on effectiveness interventions, exercise programmes, outcomes across lifespan. Methods Eight databases were searched from earliest records July 2022. Studies investigating a intervention lasting ≥ 4 weeks, including and/or health outcomes, having comparison included. Screening data extraction performed by two independent reviewers at all stages. All reviewer disagreements resolved primary author. Where appropriate, meta-analysis was performed, effect size estimate generated. Results Of 21,737 identified, 27 studies met inclusion criteria. Total sample included 1392 (944 females, 418 males, 30 unreported). as interventions in improving quality life people Parkinson’s disease [mean difference 3.09; 95% confidence interval (CI) − 2.13 8.30; p = 0.25], reducing anxiety (standardised mean 2.26; CI 2.37 6.90; 0.34), depressive symptoms 0.78; 0.92 2.48; 0.37). Preliminary evidence found superior motivation, aspects memory, cognition reduce distress. inferior stress, self-efficacy language fluency. Conclusion Undertaking any genre generally occasionally more than types range Trial Registration PROSPERO: CRD42018099637.

Язык: Английский

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Virtual Reality Interventions for Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Journal of Medical Internet Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 27, С. e59195 - e59195

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025

Background Alzheimer disease is incurable, but it possible to intervene and slow down the progression of dementia during periods mild cognitive impairment (MCI) through virtual reality (VR) technology. Objective This study aimed analyze effects VR interventions on older adults with MCI. The examined outcomes include abilities, mood, quality life, physical fitness, including general function, memory performance, attention information processing speed, executive language proficiency, visuospatial depression, daily mobility individuals, muscle gait balance. Methods A total 4 web-based databases (Web Science, PubMed, Embase, Ovid) were searched up December 30, 2023, for randomized controlled trials assessing self-reported VR-based technology cognition, fitness in (aged ≥55 years) Two reviewers independently screened search results reference lists identified papers related reviews. Data intervention components delivery behavioral change techniques used extracted. meta-analysis, risk-of-bias sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis performed where appropriate explore potential moderators. Grading Recommendations, Assessment, Development, Evaluations (GRADE) approach was assess evidence. Results review analyzed 18 studies involving 722 delivered different immersion levels training, or cognitive-motor dual-task training. showed significant improvements (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.2, 95% CI 0.02-0.38), speed (SMD 0.25, 0.06-0.45), function 0.22, 0.02-0.42). without therapist involvement improved as well speed. training also resulted MCI 0.31, 0.05-0.58). In addition, immersive had a impact improving 0.25; 0.01-0.50) 0.00-0.50). However, very small terms living ability, Quality evidence varied, moderate ratings certain functions low others, based GRADE approach. Conclusions can improve memory, low, further research needed confirm these findings additional health-related outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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The Aerobic and Cognitive Exercise Study (ACES) for Community-Dwelling Older Adults With or At-Risk for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI): Neuropsychological, Neurobiological and Neuroimaging Outcomes of a Randomized Clinical Trial

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 10

Опубликована: Май 4, 2018

Prior research has found that cognitive benefits of physical exercise and brain health in older adults may be enhanced when mental is interactive simultaneously, as exergaming. It unclear whether the benefit can maximized by increasing degree challenge during exercise. This randomized clinical trial (RCT), Aerobic Cognitive Exercise Study (ACES) sought to replicate extend prior findings added from exergaming those with or at risk for mild impairment (MCI). ACES compares effects six months an exer-tour (virtual reality bike rides) a more effortful exer-score (pedaling through videogame score points). Fourteen community-dwelling meeting screening criteria MCI (sMCI) were adherent their assigned months. The primary outcome was executive function, while secondary outcomes included memory everyday function. Exer-tour yielded significant moderate on function (Stroop A/C; d's = .51 .47); there no interaction effect. However, after three revealed effect, showed little impact, did game-only condition. Both conditions also resulted improvements verbal memory. Effects appear generalize self-reported Pilot data, including salivary biomarkers structural MRI, gathered baseline months; dose associated increased BDNF well grey matter volume PFC ACC. Improvement increase DLPFC. Improved expression exosomal miRNA-9. Interactive (both high low challenge) similarly sMCI exercisers over A larger RCT needed confirm these findings. Further innovation data are develop accessible, yet engaging effective interventions combat decline growing population.

Язык: Английский

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Novel Method for Rapid Assessment of Cognitive Impairment Using High-Performance Eye-Tracking Technology

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Сен. 10, 2019

A rapid increase in the number of patients with dementia has emerged as a global health challenge. Accumulating evidence suggests that early diagnosis and timely intervention can delay cognitive decline. The is commonly performed using neuropsychological tests, such Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), administered by trained examiners. While these traditional tests are valid reliable, they neither simple nor sufficiently short routine screening tools for dementia. Here, we developed brief assessment utilizing an eye-tracking technology. subject views series (178 s) task movies pictures displayed on monitor while their gaze points recorded device, scores determined from plots data. were measured both eye tracking-based 80 participants, including 27 cognitively healthy controls (HC), 26 mild impairment (MCI), correlated well showed good diagnostic performance detecting MCI Rapid technology enable quantitative scoring sensitive detection impairment.

Язык: Английский

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The quest for synergy between physical exercise and cognitive stimulation via exergaming in people with dementia: a randomized controlled trial

Alzheimer s Research & Therapy, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2019

Exercise is often proposed as a non-pharmacological intervention to delay cognitive decline in people with dementia, but evidence remains inconclusive. Previous studies suggest that combining physical exercise stimulation may be more successful this respect. Exergaming promising which combined cognitively challenging tasks single session. The aim of study was investigate the effect exergame training and aerobic on functioning older adults dementia. A three-armed randomized controlled trial (RCT) compared training, an active control consisting relaxation flexibility exercises. Individuals dementia were individually trained three times week during 12 weeks. Cognitive measured at baseline, after 12-week period 24-week follow-up by neuropsychological assessment. domains executive function, episodic memory, working memory psychomotor speed evaluated. Test scores converted into standardized z-scores averaged per domain. Between-group differences analysed analysis covariance. Data from 115 (mean (SD) age = 79.2 (6.9) years; mean MMSE score 22.9 (3.4)) analysed. There significant improvement groups group difference domain (95% CI) versus 0.370 (0.103–0.637), p 0.007; 0.326 (0.081–0.571), 0.009). size moderate (partial η2 0.102). No between found for functioning, memory. To our knowledge, first RCT evaluating effects We both improve speed, group. This finding clinically relevant important predictor functional decline. Netherlands Trial Register, NTR5581 . Registered 7 October 2015.

Язык: Английский

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