Mendelian randomization supports causality between overweight status and accelerated aging

Aging Cell, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 22(8)

Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2023

Abstract It is reported that overweight may lead to accelerated aging. However, there still a lack of evidence on the causal effect and We collected genetic variants associated with overweight, age proxy indicators (telomere length, frailty index facial aging), etc., from genome‐wide association studies datasets. Then we performed MR analyses explore associations between indicators. were primarily conducted using inverse variance weighted method, followed by various sensitivity validation analyses. indicated significant telomere index, aging ( β = −0.018, 95% CI −0.033 −0.003, p 0.0162; 0.055, 0.030–0.079, < 0.0001; 0.029, 0.013–0.046, 0.0005 respectively). Overweight also had negative causality longevity expectancy (90th survival percentile, −0.220, −0.323 −0.118, 99th −0.389, −0.652 −0.126, 0.0038). Moreover, findings tend favor links body fat mass/body percentage indicators, but not fat‐free mass. This study provides length decreased, increased, increased) lower expectancy. Accordingly, potential significance weight control treatment in combating need be emphasized.

Язык: Английский

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Plant protein-derived peptides: frontiers in sustainable food system and applications

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2024

Plant proteins have been considered a potential source of bio-functional peptides, which can be beneficial for human health. The potent antioxidant properties plant-based peptides protect against oxidative damage and associated diseases. Despite significant number studies on the preparation biological functions only limited are commercially utilized. systematic extraction, optimization, isolation, pharmacokinetics, stability, safety aspects plant protein-derived (PPDP) in progress. Also, molecular mechanism action health benefits bioactive PPDP is still lacking. Hence, this review provides comprehensive discussion various protein sources to end-product applications PPDP. In context, different explored functional presented. green biotechnological techniques such as fermentation enzymatic hydrolysis extraction described. revisited. most important part application includes stability bioavailability has discussed. Additionally, impact administration summarized. Lastly, future perspectives concluding remarks documented.

Язык: Английский

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Body Size, Diet Quality, and Epigenetic Aging: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses

The Journals of Gerontology Series A, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 79(4)

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024

Epigenetic age is an emerging marker of health that highly predictive disease and mortality risk. There a lack evidence on whether lifestyle changes are associated with in epigenetic aging. We used data from 1 041 participants the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study blood DNA methylation measures at baseline (1990-1994, mean age: 57.4 years) follow-up (2003-2007, 68.8 years). The Alternative Healthy Eating Index-2010 (AHEI-2010), Mediterranean Dietary Score, Inflammatory Index were as diet quality, weight, waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio body size. Five age-adjusted aging considered: GrimAge, PhenoAge, PCGrimAge, PCPhenoAge, DunedinPACE. Multivariable linear regression models including restricted cubic splines to assess cross-sectional longitudinal associations size quality Associations between weight cross-sectionally both time points positive appeared greater for DunedinPACE (per SD: β ~0.24) than GrimAge PhenoAge (β ~0.10). change markedly nonlinear (U-shaped) stable being lowest follow-up, except DunedinPACE, which only gain showed association. found negative, AHEI-2010 longitudinally. Other adiposity dietary scores similar results. In middle-aged older adults, declining may increase age, while association loss require further investigation. Our study sheds light potential management improvement slowing processes.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the global impact of obesity and diet on dementia burden: the role of national policies and sex differences

GeroScience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2024

Язык: Английский

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High-fat diet induces sarcopenic obesity in natural aging rats through the gut–trimethylamine N-oxide–muscle axis

Journal of Advanced Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

The lack of suitable animal models for sarcopenic obesity (SO) limits in-depth research into the disease. Emerging studies have demonstrated that gut dysbiosis is involved in development SO. As importance microbial metabolites starting to unveil, it necessary comprehend specific associated with microbiota and We aimed investigate whether high-fat diet (HFD) causes SO natural aging are linking HFD Young rats received or control 80 weeks, obesity-related metabolic disorders sarcopenia were measured. 16S rRNA sequencing non-targeted targeted metabolomics methods used detect fecal serum metabolites. Gut barrier function was evaluated by intestinal integrity permeability. Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) treatment further conducted verification. resulted body weight gain, dyslipidemia, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, systemic inflammation rats. also caused decreases muscle mass, strength, function, fiber cross-sectional area increase fatty infiltration nontargeted analysis indicated contributed dysbiosis, mainly characterized increases deleterious bacteria TMAO. destroyed increased permeability, as reducing levels colonic mucin-2, tight junction proteins, goblet cells elevating level fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4. Correlation showed a positive association between TMAO In addition, aggravated HFD-fed aged through regulating ROS-AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. leads rats, partially gut-microbiota-TMAO-muscle axis.

Язык: Английский

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Association between weight-adjusted-waist index and cognitive decline in US elderly participants

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2024

Objective To investigate the association between weight-adjusted-waist index (WWI) and cognitive decline in elderly Americans from 2011 to 2014. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted on 2,762 participants National Health Nutrition Examination (NHANES) WWI calculated by dividing waist circumference (cm) square root of body weight (kg). Participants assessed their functions using tests such as DSST, AFT, CERAD W-L. In this research, multiple logistic regression, HIA, limited cubic spline (RCS), threshold effect analysis methods were utilized explore relationship WWI. Results The involved aged 60 years older, comprising 1,353 males (49%) 1,409 females (51%), with a median age 69.3 (standard deviation = 6.7). revealed that risk positively associated Fully adjusted models indicated significant correlations W-L [odds ratio (OR) 1.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06–1.46, p &lt; 0.008], AFT (OR 1.27, CI 1.08–1.49, 0.003), DSST 1.56, 1.29–1.9, 0.001). Subgroup demonstrated consistent across different population settings except for gender (average interactions, &gt; 0.05). J-shaped low scores observed multivariate restricted (RCS) regression ( P non-linearity &lt;0.05), curve steepening when ≥ 12.21 cm/√kg. Additionally, found more strongly an increased than other obesity indicators Body Mass Index (BMI), (WC), Shape (ABSI). Conclusion Our data have shown positive higher older Americans, non-linear DSST. addition, our findings indicate greater markers obesity.

Язык: Английский

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Challenges in the diagnosis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in individuals with obesity

Cardiovascular Diabetology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 24(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025

The rising prevalence of obesity and its association with heart failure preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) highlight an urgent need for a diagnostic approach tailored to this population. Diagnosing HFpEF is hampered by the lack single non-invasive criterion. While makes firm diagnosis already notoriously difficult in general population, it even more challenging individuals obesity. challenges stem from range factors, including use body mass index as conceptually suboptimal indicator health risks associated increased mass, symptom overlap between obesity, limitations physical examination, difficulties electrocardiographic echocardiographic evaluation, reduced sensitivity natriuretic peptides In review, we examine these propose algorithm specifically improve accuracy reliability growing patient demographic.

Язык: Английский

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The Anti-Aging Mechanism of Metformin: From Molecular Insights to Clinical Applications

Molecules, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 30(4), С. 816 - 816

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025

Aging represents a complex biological phenomenon marked by the progressive deterioration of physiological functions over time, reduced resilience, and increased vulnerability to age-related diseases, ultimately culminating in mortality. Recent research has uncovered diverse molecular mechanisms through which metformin extends its benefits beyond glycemic control, presenting it as promising intervention against aging. This review delves into anti-aging properties metformin, highlighting role mitochondrial energy modulation, activation AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway, stimulation autophagy, mitigation inflammation linked cellular Furthermore, we discuss influence on epigenetic modifications that underpin genomic stability homeostasis. Metformin's potential addressing age-associated disorders including metabolic, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative diseases is also explored. The Targeting with Metformin (TAME) trial aims provide key evidence efficacy delaying aging humans. Despite these insights, significant challenges persist gaining more comprehensive understanding underlying mechanisms, determining optimal dosing strategies, evaluating long-term safety non-diabetic populations. Addressing crucial fully realizing metformin's an therapeutic.

Язык: Английский

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Long-term obesity impacts brain morphology, functional connectivity and cognition in adults

Nature Mental Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Tyrosol Ameliorates the Symptoms of Obesity, Promotes Adipose Thermogenesis, and Modulates the Composition of Gut Microbiota in HFD Fed Mice

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 66(15)

Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2022

Tyrosol is one of the main polyphenolic compounds in extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and its role combating obesity unknown. Thus, this study designed to investigate effect tyrosol consumption on underlying mechanisms high-fat diet (HFD)-induced mice.After supplementation with 0.2% (wt/wt) for 16 weeks, final body weight, levels plasma triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), fasting glucose are significantly decreased when compared HFD group. Furthermore, may act as a ligand which binds nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated alpha (PPARα). Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), iodothyronine deiodinase 2 (DIO2), PPAR-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), PR domain containing (PRDM16), downstream genes PPARα related thermogenic function adipocytes, increased both brown adipose tissue (BAT) inguinal white (iWAT) after administration. In addition, changes community composition gut microbiota, including decreasing ratio Firmicutes Bacteroidetes, increasing relative abundance family muribaculaceae, genus Blautia Lachnospiraceae_bacterium_28_4.Tyrosol attenuates symptoms HFD-fed mice probably via modulation PPARα-thermogenesis microbiota.

Язык: Английский

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