Alzheimer’s disease: the role of extrinsic factors in its development, an investigation of the environmental enigma

Frontiers in Neurology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Дек. 6, 2023

In the realm of Alzheimer's disease, most prevalent form dementia, impact environmental factors has ignited intense curiosity due to its substantial burden on global health. Recent investigations have unveiled these as key contributors, shedding new light their profound influence. Notably, emerging evidence highlights detrimental role various contaminants in incidence and progression disease. These encompass a broad spectrum, including air pollutants laden with ozone, neurotoxic metals like lead, aluminum, manganese, cadmium, pesticides insidious effects, ubiquitous presence plastics microplastics. By meticulously delving into intricate web connecting this devastating neurological disorder, comprehensive chapter takes deep dive involvement significant risk for Furthermore, it explores underlying molecular mechanisms through which exert influence, aiming unravel complex interactions that drive pathogenesis Additionally, proposes potential strategies mitigate effects brain health, ultimate goal restoring preserving typical cognitive function. Through exploration, we aim enhance our understanding multifaceted relationship between neurotoxins providing solid foundation developing innovative in-vivo models advancing knowledge pathological processes debilitating condition.

Язык: Английский

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Nitrooxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation Caused by Air Pollutants Are Associated with the Biological Markers of Neurodegenerative Diseases

Antioxidants, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(3), С. 326 - 326

Опубликована: Март 7, 2024

Millions of people around the world are exposed to air pollutants, such as particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) and ozone (O3). Such exposure usually does not exclude these two types pollutants their harmful effects could be additive or synergistic. O3 is a highly oxidizing gas that reacts with cellular environment just PM2.5, triggering nitrooxidative damage. Once stress overcomes endogenous antioxidant system, an acute neuroinflammatory process generated, once it becomes chronic, favors formation neurodegenerative disease markers. The presence markers potentially dangerous in who have genetic predisposition at higher risk developing diseases Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s. Our experimental approach for damage neuroinflammation caused by has focused on rats isolated chamber. hippocampus most studied brain structure because its neuronal connectivity network olfactory epithelium, weak defense, fundamental roll cognitive processes. However, other structures may exhibit different degree upon making involvement important factor CNS diseases. age spectrum augmented sensibility seems mostly affect pre-postnatal (autism spectrum) period elderly (neurodegenerative). Thus, new estimation PM2.5 through controlled paradigm determine extent both pollutants.

Язык: Английский

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Particulate Matter Exposure and Its Consequences on Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Cognitive Function in Experimental Models

Environmental Pollution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 363, С. 125275 - 125275

Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2024

Exposure to air pollution is thought cause millions of deaths globally each year. According the Who 2018, approximately 7 million annually are caused predominantly by noncommunicable diseases due pollution. particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) has been strongly associated with increased mortality and significant effects on brain health. Air pollution, particularly ultrafine matter, emerged as a serious environmental concern profound implications for human Studies in animal models have indicated that exposure these pollutants during gestational development impacts prenatal postnatal development. In particular, increasingly identified potential causative factor, it affects neurogenesis brain's hippocampal region. The hippocampus highly vulnerable PM exposure, any alteration structure or function this region leads various neurodevelopmental defects neurodegenerative disorders via oxidative stress, microglial activation, neuronal death, differential expression genes. process involves several steps, such proliferation, differentiation, migration, synaptogenesis, neuritogenesis. If step hampered other factors, can lead defects, disorders, cognitive decline. One contributor alterations which ranks leading risk factor worldwide. Some most common include neuroinflammation, depressive behavior, altered processes, activation. This review explores how regions exposure.

Язык: Английский

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Restoring Impaired Neurogenesis and Alleviating Oxidative Stress by Cyanidin against Bisphenol A-induced Neurotoxicity: In Vivo and In Vitro Evidence

Current Drug Discovery Technologies, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 21(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2024

Background: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a known neurotoxic compound with potentially harmful effects on the nervous system. Cyanidin (CYN) has shown promise as neuroprotective agent. Objective: The current study aims to determine efficacy of CYN against BPA-induced neuropathology. Methods: In vitro experiments utilized PC12 cells were pre-treated gradient doses and further stimulated 10ng/ml BPA. DPPH radical scavenging activity, catalase total ROS nitric oxide activity done. vivo assessments employed doublecortin immunohistochemistry brain in BPA-exposed Sprague-Dawley rats. Further, silico molecular docking all proteins involved canonical Wnt signaling was performed using Autodock v4.2 tool BIOVIA Discovery Studio Visualizer. Results: IC50 values ascorbic acid determined dose-response curves, it found be 24.68 ± 0.563µg/ml 20.69 1.591µg/ml, respectively. BPA-stimulated pretreated showed comparable (p=0.0287). reactive species production by CYN-treated significantly decreased compared (p<0.0001). Moreover, inhibited BPA control vivo, positively affected immature neuron quantity, correlating dosage. During analysis, exhibited binding affinity > -7Kcal/mol key associated Wnt/β-catenin cascade. Conclusion: Conclusively, our finding suggests that counteracting BPAinduced oxidative stress, improving compromised neurogenesis hippocampal cortical regions, displaying notable interactions proteins. Thereby, could render its potential neuropathology

Язык: Английский

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Investigating the Potential Impact of Air Pollution on Alzheimer’s Disease and the Utility of Multidimensional Imaging for Early Detection

ACS Omega, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(8), С. 8615 - 8631

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024

Pollution is ubiquitous, and much of it anthropogenic in nature, which a severe risk factor not only for respiratory infections or asthma sufferers but also Alzheimer's disease, has received lot attention recently. This Review aims to investigate the primary environmental factors their profound impact on disease. It underscores pivotal role multidimensional imaging early disease identification prevention. Conducting comprehensive review, we delved into plethora literature sources available through esteemed databases, including Science Direct, Google Scholar, Scopus, Cochrane, PubMed. Our search strategy incorporated keywords such as "Alzheimer Disease", "Alzheimer's", "Dementia", "Oxidative Stress", "Phytotherapy" conjunction with "Criteria Pollutants", "Imaging", "Pathology", "Particulate Matter". result complex biological exacerbated by infiltration airborne particles gases that surreptitiously breach nasal defenses traverse brain, akin Trojan horse. Various modalities noninvasive techniques have been harnessed identify progression its incipient stages. However, each approach possesses inherent limitations, prompting exploration unified technique under single umbrella. Multidimensional stands linchpin detecting forestalling relentless march Given intricate etiology condition, identifying prospective candidate may take decades, rendering development multimodal an imperative. research pressing need recognize chronic ramifications invisible particulate matter advance our understanding insidious contribute

Язык: Английский

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Navigating neurological disorders: harnessing the power of natural compounds for innovative therapeutic breakthroughs.

PubMed, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 23, С. 534 - 569

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Novel treatments are needed as neurological issues become more frequent worldwide. According to the report, plants, oceans, microorganisms, and animals contain interesting drug discovery compounds. Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, stroke reviews emphasize disorders' complexity natural substances' safety. Learn about marine-derived herbal neuroprotective characteristics applications. Molecular pathways show these healing effects. This article discusses clinical usage of Bryostatin-1, Fucoidan, Icariin, Salvianolic acid, Curcumin, Resveratrol, etc. Their potential benefits for asthma Alzheimer's disease complex. Although limited, study promotes rigorous scientific research collaboration between traditional alternative medical practitioners. Unexplored compounds, quality control, well-structured trials, interdisciplinary should guide future study. Developing employing chemicals treat illnesses requires ethical sourcing, sustainability, public awareness. detailed analysis covers chemicals' current state, challenges, opportunities in disorder treatment. See also graphical abstract(Fig. 1).

Язык: Английский

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Alkaloid-rich fraction from Luffa cylindrica Linn fruit enhances memory and mitigates oxidative stress in hippocampus of ozone-exposed sprague Dawley rat via LCMS and network pharmacology approach

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 289, С. 117686 - 117686

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Luffa cylindrica (L.), is a medicinal plant aimed to investigate the efficacy of alkaloid-rich fraction (ARF) extracted from L. cylindrica. The study employed behavioural analysis rat using Morris water maze (MWM), biochemical apoptotic proteins, Immunohistochemistry caspase 3 protein and network pharmacology approach. ozone-induced group exhibited complex behavioral changes. Western blot revealed altered expression SOD2, Caspase 3, Cytochrome C which play integral roles in oxidative stress, apoptosis, mitochondrial function. Histopathological hippocampus further supported neuroprotective potential cylindrica, demonstrating reduction neuropathological lesions improved memory processes. Network Pharmacology showed implication GSK3β neuronal damage. ARF promise preventing In summary, this comprehensive sheds light on its applications by vivo molecular analyses. It provides holistic understanding properties ARF, encouraging exploration for therapeutic interventions neurological diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Subchronic Ozone Exposure Leads to Multi-organ Injuries with Differential Reversibility in Male C57BL/6 J Mice

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 138049 - 138049

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Network Toxicology and Molecular Docking Strategy for Analyzing the Toxicity and Mechanisms of Bisphenol A in Alzheimer's Disease

Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 39(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder marked by memory deterioration cognitive impairment. Bisphenol A (BPA), common environmental pollutant, has been linked to neurotoxicity may contribute AD development. This study aims uncover potential toxicological targets molecular mechanisms of BPA‐induced AD. BPA's neurotoxic effects were predicted using ProTox ADMETlab. Target prediction for BPA was conducted through the STITCH Swiss Prediction platforms, while AD‐related compiled from GeneCards, OMIM, Therapeutic Database (TTD). Protein‐protein interaction (PPI) networks constructed STRING visualized in Cytoscape, gene ontology (GO) Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses performed. Molecular docking employed evaluate binding interactions between identified core targets. Through systematic bioinformatics analyses, 137 candidate BPA‐elicited identified. Screening via PPI network analysis highlighted five key targets: STAT3, AKT1, INS, EGFR, PTEN. GO KEGG enrichment revealed significant involvement oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis, processes, pathways such as PI3K/AKT, MAPK, lipid atherosclerosis, signaling. simulations confirmed strong affinities these sheds light on underlying context provides foundation further research into preventive therapeutic strategies. The integration toxicology offers robust framework unraveling toxic uncharacterized chemical agents.

Язык: Английский

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High-Resolution Tracking of Aging-Related Small Molecules: Bridging Pollutant Exposure, Brain Aging Mechanisms, and Detection Innovations

Biosensors, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(4), С. 242 - 242

Опубликована: Апрель 11, 2025

Brain aging is a complex process regulated by genetic, environmental, and metabolic factors, increasing evidence suggests that environmental pollutants can significantly accelerate this interfering with oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, mitochondrial function-related signaling pathways. Traditional studies have focused on the direct damage of macromolecules (e.g., proteins, DNA), while central role senescence-associated small molecules ROS, PGE2, lactate) in early regulatory mechanisms has been long neglected. In study, we innovatively proposed cascade framework "small molecule imbalance-signaling pathway dysregulation-macromolecule collapse", which reveals exacerbate dynamics brain through activation NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles inhibition HIF-1α. Meanwhile, to address technical bottleneck spatiotemporal monitoring, paper systematically reviews cutting-edge detection tools such as electrochemical sensors, genetically encoded fluorescent probes antioxidant quantum dots (AQDs). Among them, AQDs show unique advantages real-time monitoring ROS fluctuations intervention virtue their ultra-high specific surface area, controllable modification, free radical scavenging ability. By integrating multimodal techniques mechanism studies, work provides new perspective for analyzing pollutant-induced lays methodological foundation strategies based networks.

Язык: Английский

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