Environmental Pollution, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 349, С. 123957 - 123957
Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2024
Язык: Английский
Atmospheric Pollution Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 102434 - 102434
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 130(3)
Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2025
Abstract The Qaidam Basin in the Northeastern Qinghai‐Xizang Plateau, characterized by its numerous salt lakes and fragile ecosystem, is increasingly impacted dust emissions. To evaluate impact of on environment, monthly samples were collected from six monitoring stations between January 2020 March 2023 analyzed for deposition flux (DF), mineral composition, water‐soluble ions, trace elements, carbonaceous content. study used backward trajectory modeling, Pearson correlation, enrichment factor (EF) analysis, positive matrix factorization (PMF) to quantify lake contributions atmospheric dust. Results revealed that halite gypsum content ranged 0 47 wt%, with (SDF) varying 2.54 g/m 2 ·30d. Key soluble ions included non‐playa sulfate (nps‐SO 4 2− ), playa chloride (ps‐Cl − sodium (ps‐Na + ). Trace elements such as iron, aluminum, silicon, titanium originated both natural anthropogenic sources. organic carbon element (OC/EC) ratio PMF model pointed vehicle emissions, coal combustion, biomass burning major pollution sources, particularly urban areas. analysis showed contributed 5.23%–29.76% total mass, aligning changes ion As region a key source river systems, salts pose risks glaciers freshwater resources. These findings highlight substantial inland aerosols arid regions, emphasizing their contribution processes significant should not be overlooked.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Energies, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 15(3), С. 1182 - 1182
Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2022
This paper systematically reviews the research progress in field of influence air pollutants engine inlet on accelerated wear elements association: piston, piston rings, cylinder liner (P-PR-CL), and plain bearing (journal–panel). It was shown at outset that primary component pollution is road dust. Its main components are dust grains hard minerals (SiO2, Al2O3), which penetrate oil film area between two frictionally mating surfaces causing their abrasive wear. Therefore, effect three parameters (grain size hardness, concentration air) friction pair: liner(P-PR-CL), (journal–pan) presented extensively. noted values same were obtained by different researchers using testing techniques evaluated indices. has been greatest cooperating caused with sizes equal to thickness a given moment, typical combustion associations assumes varied variable range 0–50 µm. The upper ring varies depends crankshaft rotation angle, speed load, viscosity, takes less than 10 maximum liner, resulting from cooperation occurs top dead centre (TDC) results unfavorable (high temperature, low speed) operating conditions these elements. From extensive literature data cited, it follows specific dimensions, most often 5–20 µm, greater hardness sulfur content fuel. At time, bearing, experienced particle size, respectively: 20–40, 5–10, 20–80 μm. mass enters cylinders thus determined dust, value definitely reduced filter. However, pointed out initial filtration efficiency presence large purified period filter operation (after replacement element new one) may have an impact mainly (P-PR-CL) association. next stage presents effects excessive rings engine, actual vehicle bench tests decrease compression pressure power, increase intensity exhaust gas blow-by into sump consumption toxicity. addresses current problem contaminants performance flow meter, essential sensor modern internal engine. phenomenon deposition (mineral salt, carbon deposit, moisture) measuring (wire or layer anemometer) meter analyzed. empirical show mineral causes 17.9% reduction output voltage, 46.7% voltage. affects power
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
38
Atmospheric Pollution Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 14(1), С. 101642 - 101642
Опубликована: Дек. 31, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
35
Water Air & Soil Pollution, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 233(9)
Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2022
Abstract Tires, bitumen, and road markings are important sources of traffic-derived carbonaceous wear particles microplastic (MP) pollution. In this study, we further developed a machine-learning algorithm coupled to an automated scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) analytical approach classify quantify the relative number following subclasses contained in environmental dust: tire (TWP), bitumen (BiWP), markings, reflecting glass beads, metallics, minerals, biogenic/organics. The method is non-destructive, rapid, repeatable, enables information about size, shape, elemental composition 2–125 µm. results showed that enabled differentiation between TWP BiWP for > 20 µm with satisfying results. Furthermore, concentration was similar both analyzed size fractions (2–20 20–125 µm), minerals as most dominant subclass x̄ = 78%, 74%) followed by particles, TBiWP, 19%, 22%). Road marking wear, metal contributed 1%, 0.1%, 1% 2–20-µm fraction 0.5%, 0.2%, 0.4% 20–125-µm fraction. present show dust appreciably consists within coarse fine study delivers quantitative evidence importance tires, marking, beads besides metals MP pollution traffic environments based on (real-world) samples
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
33
Atmosphere, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(2), С. 305 - 305
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2023
The thoracic fraction of road dust (PM10) was measured for the first time in Portugal parking areas, both outdoors and indoors, with aim completing existing studies carried out active lanes various roads. An situ resuspension chamber used to collect a total 23 samples three areas Aveiro, whilst laboratory procedures included determination carbonaceous content (OC EC) by thermo-optical technique, elemental composition ICP-MS ICP-OES after acid digestion, Aliivribrio fisherii bioluminescent bacteria ecotoxicity bioassay. Dust loadings (DL10) obtained were 18.5 ± 9.8 mg PM10 m−2, outdoor parking, 1.8–23.7 m−2 indoor corresponding emission factors 476 75–589 veh−1 km−1, respectively. OC represented 9–30 % areas. However, samples, high iron oxide jeopardised OC-EC separation. In those carbonates accounted 10.0 3.3% mass. analysis components focused on major elements (Al, Ca, Fe, K, Mg) as well minor elements. mass element oxides 27.1% (outdoor) 23.6–34.3% (indoor). ΣPAH calculated all 8.38–36.9 μg g−1 PM10. ecotoxicological bioassay showed that aqueous solutions toxic bacteria, whereas no clear correlations could be made specific component groups, exception EC50.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
18
Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 468, С. 133733 - 133733
Опубликована: Фев. 8, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
8
Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 24(1), С. 397 - 425
Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2024
Abstract. Rural-to-urban transformation (RUT) is the process of turning a rural or natural land surface into an urban one, which brings about important modifications in surface, causing well-known effects like heat island (UHI), reduced wind speeds, and increased boundary layer heights. Moreover, with concentrated human activities, RUT introduces new emission sources greatly perturb local regional air pollution. Particulate matter (PM) one key pollutants responsible for deterioration quality still major issue European cities, frequent exceedances limit values. Here we introduce chemistry–climate model (regional climate RegCM coupled offline to chemistry transport CAMx) study quantifies how modified PM concentrations over central Europe including underlying controlling mechanisms that contribute final Apart from two most studied ones, (i) emissions (ii) canopy meteorological forcing (UCMF; i.e. impact conditions on quality), also analyse less contributors RUT's quality: (iii) dry-deposition velocities (DVs) due urbanized use (iv) biogenic urbanization-induced vegetation changes affect these emissions. To calculate magnitude each contributors, perform cascade simulations, whereby contributor added by reference state, while focus given PM2.5 (particulate diameter then 2.5 µm). Its primary secondary components, namely elemental carbon (PEC), sulfates (PSO4), nitrates (PNO3), ammonium (PNH4), organic aerosol (SOA), are analysed too. The validation using measurements showed systematic negative bias total PM2.5, probably caused underestimated partly carbon. For nitrates, underestimation limited warm season, winter, tends overestimate their concentrations. However, case, annual cycle reasonably captured. We evaluated sample 19 cities found urbanization 2–3 1–1.5 µg m−3 winter summer, respectively. This mainly driven alone slightly higher (1.5–3.5 1.2–2 summer), effect UCMF was decrease at 0.2–0.5 (in both seasons), controlled enhanced vertical eddy diffusion, increases were modelled areas. increase around 30 %–50 %, resulted 0.1–0.25 seasons. Finally, summer 0.1 m−3, negligible. components be (values indicate averages) 0.4 0.3 PEC, 0.05 0.02 PSO4, 0.08 PNO3, 0.04 0.03 PNH4, 0 SOA. main emissions, usually larger than fact counteracted decrease. component, DV clear concentration, finally, impacted SOA predominantly, decrease, very small inorganic too (they increased). In summary, when analysing pollution, apart forcing, has consider its dry deposition. These shown our calculations they act predominantly through modifications, only turned out during summer.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
7
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Energies, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 15(9), С. 3285 - 3285
Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2022
The paper presents the problem of effect air filter pressure drop on operating parameters a modern internal combustion engine with compression ignition. A literature analysis results investigations filling, power and fuel consumption carburetor diesel engines classical injection system was carried out. It shown that each increase in Δpf by 1 kPa an average decrease SI 1–1.5% specific about 0.7. For ignition engines, values are 0.4–0.6% 0.3–0.5% consumption. permissible resistance flow Δpfdop determined from condition 3% given, which at level 2.5–4.0 kPa—passenger car 4–7 kPa—truck 9–12 kPa—special purpose vehicles. Possibilities decreasing inlet system, result filling power, were analyzed. program conditions dynamometer tests worked out respect to influence operation six-cylinder swept volume Vss = 15.8 dm3 rating 226 kW. Three technical states modeled increasing element. state filter, measurements calculations parameters, including hourly consumption, boost temperature, speed range n 1000–2100 rpm. causes (9.31%), (7.87%), exhaust temperature (5.1%) (3.11%). At same time, there is (2.52%) smoke gases, does not exceed resulting for admission vehicles traffic.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
26