Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2025

The complex etiology and spectrum of kidney diseases necessitate vigilant attention; the focus on early diagnosis intervention in remains a critical issue medical research. Recently, with expanding studies extracellular vesicles, exosomes have garnered increasing interest as promising tool for treatment diseases. Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles that transport diverse array bioactive substances, which can influence various pathological processes associated exhibit detrimental or beneficial effects. Within kidney, derived from glomeruli renal tubules possess ability to enter systemic circulation urine. biomarkers they carry reflect alterations state kidneys, thereby offering novel avenues diagnosis. Furthermore, research confirmed originating multiple cell types therapeutic potential treating disease; notably, those mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) shown significant efficacy. This comprehensive review summarizes contributions different within kidneys while exploring their physiological roles therein. Additionally, we emphasize recent advancements exosome applications forms over past decades. We not only introduce urinary blood linked found but also explore Finally, discuss existing challenges future directions concerning clinical diagnostic purposes.

Язык: Английский