Telomere-to-telomere Phragmites australis reference genome assembly with a B chromosome provides insights into its evolution and polysaccharide biosynthesis

Communications Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

Phragmites australis is a globally distributed grass species (Poaceae) recognized for its vast biomass and exceptional environmental adaptability, making it an ideal model studying wetland ecosystems plant stress resilience. However, genomic resources this have been limited. In study, we assembled chromosome-level reference genome of P. containing one B chromosome. An explosion LTR-RTs, centered on the Copia family, occurred during late Pleistocene, driving expansion size subgenomic differentiation. Comparative analysis showed that underwent two whole gene duplication events, was segregated from Cleistogenes songorica at 34.6 Mya, 41.26% families expansion. Based multi-tissue transcriptomic data, identified structural genes in biosynthetic pathway pharmacologically active Phragmitis rhizoma polysaccharides with essential roles rhizome development. This study deepens our understanding Arundinoideae evolution, dynamics, genetic basis key traits, providing data foundation restoration, bioenergy development, stress.

Язык: Английский

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Neutrophil extracellular traps and their implications in airway inflammatory diseases

Frontiers in Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are essential for immune defense and have been increasingly recognized their role in infection inflammation. In the context of airway inflammatory diseases, there is growing evidence suggesting involvement significance NETs. This review aims to provide an overview formation mechanisms components NETs impact on various including acute lung injury/ARDS, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) cystic fibrosis. By understanding inflammation, we can gain valuable insights into underlying pathogenesis these diseases identify potential targets future therapeutic strategies that either target or modulate harmful effects. Further research warranted elucidate complex interactions between inflammation develop targeted therapies effectively mitigate detrimental effects while preserving beneficial functions host defense.

Язык: Английский

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BMAL1 plays a crucial role in immune homeostasis during sepsis-induced acute lung injury

Biochemical Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 226, С. 116379 - 116379

Опубликована: Июнь 21, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Microcystin-LR induces lung injury in mice through the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 10

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025

Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) a cyclic toxin produced by cyanobacterial species is known to exert detrimental effects on various organs, including lung. Several investigators demonstrated that MC-LR exerts pulmonary toxicity, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed investigate whether exposure MC-LR-induced lung inflammation and examine mechanisms. Thirty specific pathogen-free (SPF) male mice were allocated into control treatment groups. Mice intraperitoneally injected with physiological saline or (20 μg/kg) daily for total of 21 days. Our findings indicated MC-LR-produced histopathological changes in tissue, thickening alveolar walls inflammatory infiltration. was found upregulate mRNA expression levels pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, IL-18. Further, significantly elevated proteins associated NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway p-NF-κB, NLRP3, Caspase-1, ASC. The activation further promoted release cytokine IL-1β cleavage pyroptosis-associated GSDMD protein. These indicate may induce promoting cell pyroptosis via pathway.

Язык: Английский

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Targeting neutrophil dysfunction in acute lung injury: insights from active components of Chinese medicine

Phytomedicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 156664 - 156664

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Inflammatory markers activation associated with vapor or smoke exposure in Wistar rats

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 21, 2025

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) were introduced two decades ago as a safer alternative to traditional cigarettes, aiming assist in smoking cessation. However, the global use of e-cigarettes has surged, with highest prevalence among adolescents and young adults. Despite their popularity, safety remains controversial, emerging evidence linking various health risks, including cardiovascular issues, respiratory diseases, condition known e-cigarette or vaping use-associated lung injury (EVALI). In this study, we investigated inflammatory response rats exposed vapor compared cigarette smoke. We measured serum concentrations markers such IL-10, IFN-γ, IL-5, IL-2, TNF-α, GM-CS, IL-4, IL-9, IL-17F, IL-17A, IL-13, IL-22 subjected 6 weeks exposure. assessed activation Nf-κb , Stat3 Socs3 genes expression CXCL2 tissues. Our results revealed significant increase proinflammatory cytokines, particularly vapor-exposed group. did not observe any statistically difference levels between groups rats, but noted predictable correlations IL-6 IL-9 IL-2 IL-13 IL-5 IL-4. IHC staining, observed higher number CLCX2-positive cells tissues 2 3 control Interestingly, after 2-week cessation period, largely normalized, except for IL-17F which remained elevated smoke-exposed suggest that while may trigger potent response, effects be reversible upon cessation, albeit some cytokines persisting longer users. Although immune increased tendency toward fibrosis lead permanent structural changes. Further research is needed fully elucidate clinical implications these findings implementing legal regulations regarding availability market.

Язык: Английский

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Diosmetin Inhibits NETs Formation in Neutrophils Through Regulating Nrf2 Signaling

Thoracic Cancer, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16(6)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are important pieces of equipment for neutrophils. Excess NETs play promoting roles in cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT). Therefore, directing formation is a promising therapeutic strategy and related diseases. Diosmetin, an antioxidant flavonoid derived from dietary sources, might be involved CAT. Firstly, the tests cell-free DNA Immunofluorescence were applied to evaluate levels Luminol-based chemiluminescence DCFH-DA probe used detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) Then, network pharmacological analysis molecular docking predict potential target molecules diosmetin. The RT-qPCR was performed measure Nrf2 HO-1. A series functional assays neutrophils examine effect diosmetin on other neutrophil functions. Finally, animal model deep vein constructed assess thrombosis. Diosmetin reduced ROS mechanisms suggested that primary treatment increased HO-1 NETs-generating An inhibitor diminished negative generation. Lastly, murine results indicated via formation. exerts as anti-NETs through signaling neutrophils, showing thromboembolism pathological processes, such

Язык: Английский

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Construction of artificial lung tissue structure with 3D-inkjet bioprinting core for pulmonary disease evaluation

Journal of Tissue Engineering, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 16

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

By integrating 3D-inkjet bioprinting technology, differentiated human cells can be assembled into artificial lung tissue structure to achieve a rapid, efficient, and reproducible disease model construction process. Here, we developed novel bioprinting-based method construct (ALTs) for acute injury (ALI) modeling, research application. It also used study the role of relevant in by adjusting cell type adapted bio-functions immune during cell-cell interactions. Firstly, series process optimizations were done mass-produce alginate hydrogel microspheres (Alg) with particle size 262.63 ± 5 μm using 3D bioprinter, then I collagen polydopamine deposited turns adhesion layer on surfaces Alg (P-Alg) was increased 328.41 3.81 μm. This platform exhibites good stability, timescale-dependent behavior, long-term adhesion. Subsequently, several including endothelial, epithelial, fibroblast, even such as macrophages adhered P-Alg through rotational culture, leading contractions aggregation, subsequently formed ALTs or (ALTs@M) alveolar-like structure. Finally, successfully constructed an ALI barrier damage lipopolysaccharide stimulation vitro, comparison secreted inflammatory factors between ALTs@M. Results demonstrated that ALTs@M more effective than stimulating microenvironment lungs, providing vitro cellular interactions macrophage research. Altogether, this strategy technology allowed flexible development structures potential models preclinical studies.

Язык: Английский

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Sijunzi Decoction Targets IL1B and TNF to Reduce Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) in Ulcerative Colitis: Evidence from Silicon Prediction and Experiment Validation

Drug Design Development and Therapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер Volume 17, С. 3103 - 3128

Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2023

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore the mechanism of Sijunzi Decoction (SJZ) in treatment ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods: The aimed investigate active components and targets SJZ UC by screening databases such as TCMSP, GeneCards, OMIM, Distinct, TTD, Drugbank. An online Venn tool, Cytoscape 3.7.2, Autodock Tools were used analyze targets. also a mouse model further effects SJZ. HE staining, immunofluorescence, ELISA, qPCR, Western blot detect various indices. Results: Eighty-three 112 action identified from SJZ, including 67 for treating UC-related NETs. five core AKT1, JUN, IL1B, PTGS2, TNF, molecular docking studies indicated that well-docked with ginsenoside Rh2, isoflavones, formononetin. Animal experiments demonstrated could alleviate parameters weight, colon length, spleen index, disease activity intestinal pathology mice. Immunofluorescence showed reduce expression IL1B TNF neutrophils while increasing Occludin. Cellular immunofluorescence suggests can qPCR results suggested inhibit signal. Furthermore, ELISA pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) promoting anti-inflammatory (IL-10, IL-37, TGF-β). Conclusion: treats reducing content NETs, primary on NETs being TNFand suppress practical may be Keywords: colitis, decoction, network pharmacology,

Язык: Английский

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Cytokine Storm in COVID-19: Insight into Pathological Mechanisms and Therapeutic Benefits of Chinese Herbal Medicines

Medicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(7), С. 14 - 14

Опубликована: Июль 18, 2024

Cytokine storm (CS) is the main driver of SARS-CoV-2-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in severe coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19). The pathological mechanisms CS are quite complex and involve multiple critical molecular targets that turn self-limited mild COVID-19 into a life-threatening concern. At present, vaccines strongly recommended as safe effective treatments for preventing serious illness or death from COVID-19. However, treatment options still lacking people who at most risk hospitalized with disease. Chinese herbal medicines have been shown to improve clinical outcomes an adjunct therapy, particular development ARDS. This review illustrates detail pathogenesis CS-involved ARDS its associated key targets, cytokines signalling pathways. therapeutic were identified particularly relation turning points COVID-19, symptoms Preclinical studies reviewed effects together conventional therapies reducing addressing CS. Multiple formulations, extracts single bioactive phytochemicals without demonstrated strong anti-CS through mechanisms. evidence larger, well-designed trials their detailed action yet be well elucidated. More research warranted further evaluate value medicine COVID-19-induced

Язык: Английский

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