Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
10(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Diabetic
cardiomyopathy
(DCM),
an
independent
diabetes
complication,
is
characterized
by
abnormalities
in
myocardial
structure,
function,
and
metabolism,
including
diminished
contractility,
hypertrophy,
fibrosis.
Factors
such
as
hyperglycemia,
metabolic
disorders,
microangiopathy,
inflammation,
oxidative
stress,
insulin
resistance
have
been
found
to
play
important
roles
DCM
pathophysiology.
Recent
research
has
shown
that
miRNAs
are
involved
processes
cell
proliferation,
differentiation,
metastasis,
promote
the
progression
of
DCM.
Despite
these
insights,
regulatory
effects
on
immune
function
remain
inadequately
explored.
This
review
synthesizes
current
advancements
understanding
miRNA-mediated
regulation
We
highlight
need
for
further
elucidate
complex
interactions
between
pathways
DCM,
which
might
reveal
novel
therapeutic
targets
mitigate
this
debilitating
condition.
Targeted
B
cells,
macrophages,
T
cells
through
immune-associated
open
new
avenues
intervention.
Developing
efficient
delivery
systems
miRNA-based
therapies
ensure
targeted
enhance
stability.
Additionally,
combining
existing
hypoglycemic
drugs
with
produce
anti-inflammatory
anti-fibrotic
effects,
thereby
improving
outcomes.
Seminars in Immunopathology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
47(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025
Abstract
The
development
of
the
fetal
immune
response
is
a
highly
complex
process.
In
present
review,
we
describe
and
role
maternal
gut
bacteria
in
this
contrast
to
previous
belief
that
inert,
it
now
thought
uniquely
tolerant
allo-antigens,
but
able
respond
infectious
agents,
such
as
bacteria.
This
accomplished
by
T
cells
toward
regulatory
rather
than
effector
cells,
also
presence
functional
innate
monocytes
NK
cells.
Moreover,
fetuses
there
different
programming
CD8
+
memory
adaptive
are
important
shaping
producing
bacterial
products
metabolites
pass
placenta
into
fetus
influence
response.
Insight
how
when
these
affect
may
open
new
treatment
options
with
pre-
or
probiotics
therewith
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2025
Macrophages,
crucial
innate
immune
cells,
defend
against
pathogens
and
resolve
inflammation,
maintaining
tissue
balance.
They
perform
phagocytosis,
present
antigens
to
T
bond
adaptive
immunity
through
various
activation
states.
Classical
is
associated
with
Th1
responses
interferon
γ
production,
while
alternative
activation,
induced
by
interleukin
4,
characterized
increased
endocytosis,
reduced
secretion
of
pro-inflammatory
cytokines,
roles
in
immunoregulation
remodeling.
Although
these
represent
opposite
extremes
observed
vitro
,
the
remarkable
plasticity
macrophages
allows
for
a
wide
spectrum
phenotypes
that
are
complex
characterize
experimentally.
While
application
omics
techniques
has
resulted
significant
advances
characterization
macrophage
polarization,
lipidomic
studies
have
received
lesser
attention.
Beyond
their
role
as
structural
components
energy
sources,
lipids
function
signaling
molecules
regulate
thereby
shaping
responses.
This
work
reviews
interaction
between
lipid
exploring
how
metabolism
influences
phenotype
function.
These
insights
offer
potential
therapeutic
strategies
immune-mediated
diseases
inflammation-related
disorders,
including
inflammaging.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16
Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2025
In
recent
years,
tumor
immunotherapy
has
made
significant
breakthroughs
in
the
treatment
of
malignant
tumors.
However,
individual
differences
efficacy
have
been
observed
clinical
practice.
There
is
increasing
evidence
that
gut
microbial
metabolites
influence
distal
via
gut-liver
axis,
gut-brain
axis
and
gut-breast
a
process
may
involve
modulating
expression
immune
cells
cytokines
microenvironment
(TME).
this
review,
we
systematically
explore
relationship
between
immunotherapy,
examine
corresponding
natural
products
their
mechanisms
action.
The
in-depth
exploration
research
area
will
provide
new
ideas
strategies
to
enhance
mitigate
adverse
effects.
Context:
The
estimated
population
of
microorganisms
inhabiting
the
gastrointestinal
tract
is
thought
to
exceed
1014,
with
a
total
weight
approximately
2
kg.
This
accumulation
microbiota
indicates
that
number
bacterial
cells
ten
times
greater
than
human
cells,
and
gene
content
exceeds
genome
by
more
hundredfold.
These
are
essential
for
maintaining
health,
having
evolved
over
millions
years.
They
influence
vital
processes
in
life,
such
as
digestion
regulation
immune
system.
gut
(GM)
can
be
viewed
dynamic
environmental
factor,
its
composition
shaped
host
genetics,
dietary
patterns,
hygiene
practices,
lifestyle
choices.
variability
positions
it
potential
therapeutic
target
cardiovascular
disease
(CVD)
myocardial
infarction
(MI).
Evidence
Acquisition:
present
study
review
factors
affecting
intestinal
relationship
heart
diseases.
To
ensure
identification
most
relevant
studies,
common
databases,
including
PubMed,
Scopus,
Web
Science,
were
searched
using
terms
"Gut
dysbiosis",
"Cardiovascular
disease",
"Probiotics",
"prebiotics".
articles
abstracts
obtained
from
search
then
reviewed.
Results:
Dysbiosis
plays
significant
role
onset
progression
atherosclerosis
CVD.
Microbiota-derived
short-chain
fatty
acids
(SCFAs)
crucial
development
blood
pressure.
Alterations
have
been
linked
dysfunctions
lipid
metabolism,
reduced
levels
high-density
lipoprotein
(HDL)
plasma
patients
GM
affect
efficiency
energy
extraction
sources,
thereby
impacting
likelihood
developing
obesity
through
inflammation
metabolism.
Conclusions:
Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
10(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Diabetic
cardiomyopathy
(DCM),
an
independent
diabetes
complication,
is
characterized
by
abnormalities
in
myocardial
structure,
function,
and
metabolism,
including
diminished
contractility,
hypertrophy,
fibrosis.
Factors
such
as
hyperglycemia,
metabolic
disorders,
microangiopathy,
inflammation,
oxidative
stress,
insulin
resistance
have
been
found
to
play
important
roles
DCM
pathophysiology.
Recent
research
has
shown
that
miRNAs
are
involved
processes
cell
proliferation,
differentiation,
metastasis,
promote
the
progression
of
DCM.
Despite
these
insights,
regulatory
effects
on
immune
function
remain
inadequately
explored.
This
review
synthesizes
current
advancements
understanding
miRNA-mediated
regulation
We
highlight
need
for
further
elucidate
complex
interactions
between
pathways
DCM,
which
might
reveal
novel
therapeutic
targets
mitigate
this
debilitating
condition.
Targeted
B
cells,
macrophages,
T
cells
through
immune-associated
open
new
avenues
intervention.
Developing
efficient
delivery
systems
miRNA-based
therapies
ensure
targeted
enhance
stability.
Additionally,
combining
existing
hypoglycemic
drugs
with
produce
anti-inflammatory
anti-fibrotic
effects,
thereby
improving
outcomes.
