Phytochemicals Targeting Mitophagy to Treat Heart Diseases: Retrospective Insights and Prospective Directions
Phytotherapy Research,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2025
ABSTRACT
Mitophagy
is
a
process
by
which
cells
selectively
eliminate
damaged
or
dysfunctional
mitochondria
through
the
autophagy–lysosome
pathway,
thereby
maintaining
mitochondrial
quality
and
cellular
homeostasis.
This
closely
linked
to
onset
progression
of
various
heart
diseases.
Modern
pharmacological
research
has
demonstrated
that
phytochemicals
can
regulate
homeostasis
in
cardiomyocytes
multiple
mechanisms,
influencing
mitophagy
protecting
cardiomyocytes,
turn
exerts
anti‐cardiovascular
effects.
However,
underlying
mechanisms
these
effects
are
not
yet
fully
understood.
study
summarizes
molecular
diseases,
aiming
provide
reference
for
treatment
targeting
against
The
results
indicated
(such
as
Berberine,
Ginsenoside
Rg1,
Quercetin,
Resveratrol,
Baicalein,
so
on)
exert
preventive
therapeutic
on
diseases
cardiac
toxicity
damage,
myocardial
ischemia/reperfusion
injury,
failure,
aging,
hypertrophy,
cardiomyopathy,
on.)
via
regulating
PINK1/Parkin
FUNDC1‐dependent
pathway.
These
compounds
mainly
their
homeostasis,
dynamics,
oxidative
stress,
apoptosis,
energy
metabolism.
provides
have
effect
mitophagy.
further
in‐depth
mechanistic
clinical
needed
future.
Язык: Английский
pH-Induced Conformational Change of the Chromophore of the Large Stokes Shift Fluorescent Protein tKeima
Molecules,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
30(7), С. 1623 - 1623
Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2025
Fluorescent
proteins
(FPs)
are
widely
used
as
optical
probes
in
molecular
and
cell
biology.
tKeima
is
a
tetrameric,
large
Stokes
shift
red
fluorescent
protein
the
ancestral
of
mt-Keima,
which
applied
pH-sensitive
probe.
While
pH
sensitivity
mt-Keima
well
characterized,
pH-dependent
properties
have
not
been
comprehensively
elucidated.
To
obtain
better
understanding
effects
on
tKeima,
its
emission
intensity
at
various
levels
was
measured,
crystal
structure
4.0
determined
resolution
2.2
Å.
The
fluorescence
decreased
by
approximately
65%
compared
with
peak
10.0.
revealed
both
cis
trans
conformations
chromophore,
contrast
to
previously
structures
8.0,
showed
only
conformation.
This
indicates
that
induces
conformational
change
chromophore
tKeima.
Both
were
stabilized
hydrogen
bonds
neighboring
residues.
A
comparison
basic
pH,
mKeima,
highlights
unique
structural
properties.
These
results
provide
deeper
basis
for
pH-induced
changes
Keima
family.
Язык: Английский
Exosomes-mediated delivery of miR-486-3p alleviates neuroinflammation via SIRT2-mediated inhibition of mitophagy after subarachnoid hemorrhage
Stroke and Vascular Neurology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown, С. svn - 003509
Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2024
Background
Neuroinflammation
participates
in
the
pathogenesis
of
subarachnoid
haemorrhage
(SAH);
however,
no
effective
treatments
exist.
MicroRNAs
regulate
several
aspects
neuronal
dysfunction.
In
a
previous
study,
we
found
that
exosomal
miR-486-3p
is
involved
pathophysiology
SAH.
Targeted
delivery
without
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB)
restriction
to
alleviate
SAH
promising
neuroinflammation
approach.
Methods
this
modified
exosomes
(Exo)
form
an
RVG-miR-486-3p-Exo
(Exo/miR)
achieve
targeted
brain.
Neurological
scores,
brain
water
content,
BBB
damage,
flow
cytometry
and
FJC
staining
were
used
determine
effect
on
Western
blot
analysis,
ELISA
RT-qPCR
measure
relevant
protein
mRNA
levels.
Immunofluorescence
laser
confocal
detection
expression
mitochondria,
lysosomes
autophagosomes,
transmission
electron
microscopy
was
observe
level
mitophagy
tissue
mice
after
Results
Tail
vein
injection
Exo/miR
improved
targeting
brains
mice.
The
reduced
levels
neuroinflammation-related
factors
by
changing
phenotype
switching
microglia,
inhibiting
sirtuin
2
(SIRT2)
enhancing
mitophagy.
treatment
alleviated
neurobehavioral
disorders,
oedema,
damage
neurodegeneration.
Further
research
mechanism
achieved
regulating
acetylation
peroxisome
proliferator-activated
receptor
γ
coactivator
l
alpha
(PGC-1α)
SIRT2
enters
nucleus.
Conclusion
attenuates
stimulating
mitophagy,
suggesting
potential
clinical
applications.
Язык: Английский
Acute hyperglycemia exacerbates neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment in sepsis-associated encephalopathy by mediating the ChREBP/HIF-1α pathway
European journal of medical research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
29(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2024
Delirium
is
a
prominent
symptom
of
sepsis-associated
encephalopathy
(SAE)
and
highly
prevalent
in
septic
patients
hospitalized
the
intensive
care
unit,
being
closely
connected
with
raised
mortality
rates.
Acute
hyperglycemia
(AH)
has
been
recognized
as
separate
risk
factor
for
delirium
worse
prognosis
critically
sick
patients.
Nevertheless,
exact
contribution
AH
to
advancement
SAE
still
unknown.
This
research
retrospectively
evaluated
connection
between
blood
glucose
levels
(BGLs)
incidence
death
rates
ICU
tertiary
comprehensive
hospital.
In
addition,
rat
model
was
induced
through
cecal
ligation
puncture
(CLP),
after
which
continuous
infusion
promptly
initiated
via
central
venous
catheter
post-surgery
evaluate
potential
implications
on
SAE.
Next,
rats
were
assigned
four
groups
based
target
BGLs:
high
group
(HG,
≥
300
mg/dL),
moderate
(MG,
200–300
normal
(NG,
<
200
insulin-treated
(HI,
mg/dL)
receiving
recombinant
human
insulin
treatment
(0.1
IU/kg/min).
The
sham
(SG)
received
an
equivalent
volume
saline
denoted
NG
group.
effects
neuroinflammation
cognitive
function
using
behavioral
tests,
histopathological
examination,
TUNEL
staining,
ELISA,
Western
blot.
microglial
activation
metabolism
following
lipopolysaccharide
(LPS,
1
μg/mL)
exposure
assessed
CCK8
assay,
qRT-PCR,
blot,
ELISA.
Our
findings
revealed
that
during
sepsis
assisted
predicting
occurrence.
systemic
inflammatory
cytokines
rats,
promoting
neuronal
apoptosis,
blood–brain
barrier
disruption,
impairment.
both
vivo
vitro,
elevated
challenge
increased
ChREBP,
HIF-1α,
glycolytic
enzymes,
expressions
microglia
CLP
or
LPS.
These
results
collectively
suggest
can
exacerbate
by
enhancing
glycolysis
under
conditions,
potentially
mediated
upregulation
ChREBP/HIF-1α
signaling
pathway.
Язык: Английский
Macrophage polarization in sepsis: Emerging role and clinical application prospect
International Immunopharmacology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
144, С. 113715 - 113715
Опубликована: Дек. 3, 2024
Язык: Английский
Protective Effects of Exogenous Melatonin Administration on White Fat Metabolism Disruption Induced by Aging and a High-Fat Diet in Mice
Antioxidants,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
13(12), С. 1500 - 1500
Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2024
Obesity
has
emerged
as
a
major
risk
factor
for
human
health,
exacerbated
by
aging
and
changes
in
dietary
habits.
It
represents
significant
health
challenge,
particularly
older
people.
While
numerous
studies
have
examined
the
effects
of
obesity
on
fat
metabolism
independently,
research
their
combined
is
limited.
In
present
study,
protective
action
against
white
accumulation
after
high-fat
diet
(HFD)
exerted
exogenous
melatonin,
circadian
hormone
endowed
with
antioxidant
properties
also
involved
metabolism,
was
investigated
mouse
model.
For
this
purpose,
battery
tests
applied
before
melatonin
treatments
animals,
including
epididymal
adipose
tissue
(eWAT)
histological
evaluations,
transcriptomic
lipidomic
analyses,
real-time
PCR
tests,
immunofluorescence
staining,
Western
blot,
appraisal
serum
levels,
transmission
electron
microscopy.
This
study
found
that
aged
mice
showed
increased
lipid
deposition,
inflammation,
reduced
glutathione
(GSH)
levels
compared
to
younger
mice.
Lipidomic
analyses
revealed
elevated
triglycerides,
diglycerides,
ceramides,
cholesterol,
along
decreased
sphingomyelin
fatty
acids
eWAT.
The
genes
linked
NF-κB
signaling,
autophagy,
pathways,
were
significantly
altered.
HFD
exhibited
Melatonin
supplementation
GSH
upregulated
AANAT
MTNR1A
expression
eWAT,
suggesting
alleviates
eWAT
damage
via
pathway.
suppressed
inflammatory
markers
(e.g.,
TNF-α,
NLRP3,
NF-κB,
IL-1β,
CEBPB)
preserved
mitochondrial
function
through
enhanced
mitophagy.
highlights
how
affect
gene
expression,
offering
potential
intervention
strategies.
These
findings
provide
important
insights
into
mechanisms
deposition
associated
diet,
Язык: Английский