Impulse Control Disorders and Effort‐Based Decision‐Making in Parkinson's Disease Patients with Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation

Movement Disorders Clinical Practice, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2025

Abstract Background Impulse control disorders (ICD) are common side effects of dopaminergic treatment in Parkinson's disease (PD). Whereas some studies show a reduction ICD after subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN‐DBS), others report worsening or impulsivity. Objective The aim was to study the context STN‐DBS using an objective measure decision‐making. Methods Ten PD patients performed effort‐based decision‐making task alongside neuropsychiatric and cognitive evaluation before 4 months STN‐DBS. Further, 33 underwent same experimental procedures just once average 40 chronic Participants were examined preoperatively medication on state postoperatively /stimulation ON state. Mixed linear models used assess impact acceptance rate decision time while controlling for motor symptom burden, measures, medication. Results revealed increased willingness exert high levels effort return reward with ICD, but not modulated by processing speed, all identified as positive predictors faster speed. scores showed tendency improve STN‐DBS, without increase apathy scores. Conclusions Chronic facilitate speeding up judgment. Furthermore, enhances reward. Both motivated behavior should be titrated carefully balance symptoms.

Язык: Английский

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Socially relevant affective learning in psychosis: Relations to deficits in motivation and pleasure and cognitive ability

Schizophrenia Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 277, С. 1 - 8

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Computational Phenotyping of Effort-Based Decision Making in Unmedicated Adults with Remitted Depression

Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Evidence for shallow cognitive maps in Schizophrenia

Cognitive Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Cross‐species translational paradigms for assessing positive valence system as defined by the RDoC matrix

Journal of Neurochemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 169(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 28, 2024

Abstract Functions associated with processing reward‐related information are fundamental drivers of motivation, learning, and goal‐directed behavior. Such functions have been classified as the positive valence system under Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) criteria negatively impacted across a range psychiatric disorders mental illnesses. The is composed three comprehensive categories containing related but dissociable that organized into either Reward Responsiveness, Learning, or Valuation. presence overlapping behavioral dysfunction diagnostic in‐part what motivated RDoC initiative, which emphasized study illness focus on investigating relevant behavior cognitive their underlying mechanisms, rather than separating efforts (i.e., transdiagnostic). Moreover, approach well‐suited for preclinical neuroscience research, rise in genetic toolboxes neurotechnologies enables researchers to probe specific cellular targets high specificity. Thus, there an opportunity dissect whether behaviors supported by shared distinct neural mechanisms. For research effectively inform our understandings human however, paradigms should predictive, neurobiological, pharmacological predictive validity test. Touchscreen‐based testing systems provide further advantage this endeavor enabling tasks be presented animals using same media task design humans. Here, we outline primary review work has done cross‐species investigate neurobiology neurochemistry functioning. Additionally, clinical outlined RDoC, along and/or need validation analogous rodent implementing touchscreen‐based systems. image

Язык: Английский

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Effort-based decision-making in ultra-high-risk for psychosis and bipolar disorder

Psychological Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 9

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2024

Abstract Background Effort-based decision-making has been proposed as a potential mechanism contributing to transdiagnostic motivational deficits in psychotic disorder and bipolar disorder. However, very limited information is available about effort-cost-decision-making the early stages of no study investigated effort allocation before onset Our aim was investigate effort-based-decision-making ultra-high-risk for psychosis (UHR-P) (UHR-BD). Methods Effort-cost performance evaluated UHR-P ( n = 72) UHR-BD 68) healthy controls 38). Effort-Expenditure Reward Task (EEfRT) used. Results Compared controls, both groups were associated with reduced possibility choose harder task when reward magnitudes and/or likelihood receiving high. In groups, abnormalities poor social functioning. Conclusions The current findings suggest that difficulties effort-cost computation are markers illness liability disorders. intervention services, effort-based should be considered target interventions manage individuals at high risk BD.

Язык: Английский

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Major depression symptom severity associations with willingness to exert effort and patch foraging strategy

Psychological Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 54(15), С. 4396 - 4407

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024

Abstract Background Individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) can experience reduced motivation and cognitive function, leading to challenges goal-directed behavior. When selecting goals, people maximize ‘expected value’ by actions that potential reward while minimizing associated costs, including effort ‘costs’ the opportunity cost of time. In MDD, differential weighing costs benefits are theorized mechanisms underlying changes in cognition may contribute symptom heterogeneity. Methods We used Effort Foraging Task quantify physical patch leaving thresholds low conditions (reflecting perceived time) investigated their shared versus distinct relationships clinical features participants MDD ( N = 52, 43 in-episode) comparisons 27). Results Contrary our predictions, none decision-making measures differed diagnosis. However, each was related severity, over above effects ability (i.e. performance). Greater anxiety symptoms were selectively lower greater willingness exert effort). Anhedonia behavioral apathy increased costs. Finally, overall depression decreased thresholds. Conclusions Markers effort-based inform understanding Increased such as worry. Decreased threshold associations severity consistent rate-based accounts vigor MDD. Future research should address subtypes or without anxiety, which relate differentially decisions.

Язык: Английский

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A Transdiagnostic Study of Effort-Cost Decision-Making in Psychotic and Mood Disorders

Schizophrenia Bulletin, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 50(2), С. 339 - 348

Опубликована: Окт. 30, 2023

Abstract Background Research suggests that effort-cost decision-making (ECDM), the estimation of work required to obtain reward, may be a relevant framework for understanding motivational impairment in psychotic and mood pathology. Specifically, research has suggested people with pathology experience effort as more costly than controls, thus pursue effortful goals less frequently. This study examined ECDM across Hypothesis We hypothesized patient groups would show reduced willingness expend compared controls. Study Design People schizophrenia (N = 33), schizoaffective disorder 28), bipolar 39), major depressive 40), controls 70) completed physical task. Participants decided between completing low-effort or high-effort option small larger rewards, respectively. Reward magnitude, reward probability, magnitude varied trial-by-trial. Data were analyzed using standard hierarchical logistic regression analyses assess subject-specific contribution various factors choice. Negative symptoms measured clinician-rated interview. Results There was significant effect group, driven by choice options schizophrenia. Hierarchical revealed weaker contributions probability information. Use information inversely associated Surprisingly, individuals did not differ from Conclusions Our results provide support deficits Additionally, differences suggest seemingly similar behavioral phenotype, motivation, could arise disparate mechanisms.

Язык: Английский

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Increased Sensitivity to Effort and Perception of Effort in People with Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia Bulletin, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 26, 2024

Motivational deficits in schizophrenia are proposed to be attributable part abnormal effort-cost computations, calculations weighing the costs vs. benefits of actions. Several reports have shown that people with display a reduced willingness exert effort for monetary rewards when compared controls. The primary goal current study was further characterize by determining whether reflects (1) sensitivity reward, (2) increased effort, or (3) combination both.

Язык: Английский

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Evidence for shallow cognitive maps in schizophrenia

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024

Individuals with schizophrenia can have marked deficits in goal-directed decision making. Prominent theories differ whether (SZ) affects the ability to exert cognitive control, or motivation control. An alternative explanation is that negatively impacts formation of maps, internal representations way world structured, necessary for effective action plans. That is, decision-making could also arise when control and are intact, but used plan over ill-formed maps. Here, we test hypothesis individuals SZ impaired construction We combine a behavioral representational similarity analysis technique sequential task. This enables us examine how relationships between choice options change healthy age-matched controls build map task structure. Our results indicate people represent structure task, focusing more on simpler visual features less abstract, higher-order, planning-relevant features. At same time, find were able display similar performance this compared controls, emphasizing need distinction changes understanding schizophrenia.

Язык: Английский

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