European Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 61(7)
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
The locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system is involved in mediating a wide array of functions, including attention, arousal, cognition, and stress response. Dysregulation the LC-NE strongly linked with several stress-induced neuropsychiatric disorders, highlighting LC's pivotal role development these disorders. Located dorsal pontine tegmental area, LC contains noradrenergic neurons that serve as main source NE central nervous system. Activation subsequent release at different levels neuroaxis adaptive, allowing body to adjust appropriately amid challenging stimulus. However, prolonged repeated activation leads maladaptive responses implicate dysfunction As primary initiator response, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) activates hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis. Following discovery CRF more than four decades ago, numerous studies established also acts neurotransmitter governs activity other neurotransmitters brain receives abundant afferents arising from nuclei. are activated recruited pathogenesis Presented this review neuroanatomical connectivity physiological characteristics modulate function, which may contribute Additionally, illustrates contribution apparent sex-dependent differences Hence, promising target for therapeutic strategies
Язык: Английский