Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Дек. 23, 2024

The resource utilization of agricultural solid waste plays a crucial role in environmental pollution prevention and sustainable development.Pyrolysis technology, which involves the thermal decomposition organic materials absence oxygen, offers characteristics such as convenient operation, carbon sequestration emission reduction, well friendliness. These features have made it gradually become one efficient ways for waste. Under anaerobic (or oxygen-free) conditions, pyrolysis technology can effectively convert into valuable resources biochar, syngas, bio-oil.Notably, product carbonization process during pyrolysis, demonstrates significant potential application realms wastewater treatment soil enhancement (Khedulkar et al., 2023). is particularly enhances efficiency fosters advancement circular economy (Ferrari 2024). However, conditions impact on yield quality products Currently, technologies improving biochar from mainly focus three aspects: raw material improvement, optimization, modification.Despite extensive engineering studies processes, practical applications still encounter challenges, including high energy consumption, low efficiency, harmful gases (Sun 2022;Lan Therefore, optimization most critical improvement measure. An effective environmentally friendly essential enhancing waste, products, reducing impacts.within charring waste.In order to meet challenge upgrading process, microbial (MOT) has emerged promising approach This technique primarily employs biological methods, degradation pretreatment colonization enhance improve properties final (Pham 2023;Peng eliminates need chemical reagents or large-scale physical modification equipment, yet significantly multiple improved pollutant enriched nutrients, optimized community structure (Lan Furthermore, gentle energy-efficient, aligning perfectly with development concept green low-carbon emissions (Dong Numerous microorganisms possess unique physiological functions. For example, fungi white-rot fungi, brown-rot efficiently degrade lignocellulose (Gao 2016), promoting formation honeycomb-like three-dimensional loose biomass, lays foundation subsequent processes (Wang 2018). Bacteria phosphate-solubilizing functions, Enterobacter Bacillus, insoluble phosphorus forms that be directly utilized by organisms through secretion acids extracellular enzymes (Chen not only improves nutrient rate, surface functional group activity, anion content but also aids immobilization free heavy metal cations environment, thereby achieving benefits (Peng 2024; Chen 2019).Microorganisms play both production, offering solutions challenges faced this process. During stage, MOT utilizes secreted decompose complex lignocellulosic structures biomass 2016;Pham Studies shown affects initial temperature, maximum weight loss activation 2022). reduce (Pinus massoniana) 42.3 kJ/mol lower temperature 11℃. substantially reduces consumption 2016). In colonize its pore structure, specific area, groups metabolic activities secretions, functionality instance, Aspergillus niger increase area 815.03% number amides, alkanes, carboxyl groups, hydroxyl groups. Thus, results 61% removal atrazine (Yu 2020). Compared traditional use more preparation performance negative environment lowering consumption.Throughout entire lifecycle production exhibits positive effects (Fig. 1).Firstly, converts value-added recycling efficiency. reduction dependence fossil alleviates issues (Khaswal Microbial yields biogas, digestate, residues, all further relatively (e.g., power generation, fertilizer feed) (Awogbemi 2022;Haque 2023;Fuentes 2021). Secondly, microbially modified prone forming abundant structures, contributes Lastly, produced after when microorganisms, serve conditioner, fertility plant growth (Schommer Overall, provides an method expanding carbonized products. we following core issues: Firstly, explore comprehensive strategies identifying selecting suitable methods different needs, ultimately conservation, mitigation. future research should optimizing strains ensure their adaptability diverse overall biochar. Thirdly, risk assessments must strengthened measures do pose any impacts human health. Finally, emphasis placed innovation application, actively pursuing integration other advanced electrochemical oxidation, catalyst composite preparation, strain genetic enhancement, etc.), fostering international cooperation, conducting interdisciplinary research, are global sustainability.

Язык: Английский