Dynamic functional connectivity signatures of focused attention on the breath in adolescents

Cerebral Cortex, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 35(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Abstract Breathing meditation typically consists of directing attention toward breathing and redirecting when the mind wanders. As yet, we do not have a full understanding neural mechanisms breath attention, in particular, how large-scale network interactions may be different between rest these modulated during periods on-task off-task to breath. One promising approach examining fMRI measures including static connectivity brain regions as well dynamic, time-varying states. In this study, analyzed dynamic functional 72 adolescents breath-counting task (BCT), leveraging physiological respiration data detect objective periods. During BCT relative rest, identified increases within attention-direction orienting networks anticorrelations DMN. Dynamic analysis revealed four distinct states, DMN-anticorrelated state, proportionally more present than rest. We found there were state markers (i) tasks vs (ii) momentary BCT, yet analysis, no identifiable states reflecting between-individual behavioral variability.

Язык: Английский

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The Relationship of glutamate signaling to cannabis use and schizophrenia

Current Opinion in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 10, 2025

Purpose of review This examines the literature associating cannabis with schizophrenia, glutamate dysregulation in and involvement pathways. Cannabis use is widespread among adolescents world-wide sold legally many countries for recreational a variety forms. Most people it without lasting effects, but portion individuals have negative reactions that manifest acute psychotic symptoms, some, symptoms continue even after has ceased. To date, there huge gap our understanding why this occurs. Recent findings studies focused on abnormalities pathway effect system, role brain Default Mode Network. Summary Given these observations, we hypothesize perturbance neuronal connectivity by brains genetically at high risk psychosis will initiate schizophrenia-like psychosis. Future may tie together diverse observations combining magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) functional imaging (fMRI) default resting state network patients new onset schizophrenia who do not compared nonpsychotic cannabis.

Язык: Английский

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Introduction to the Special Issue on Cognitive Neuroscience of Mindfulness

Biological Psychiatry Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10(4), С. 337 - 341

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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