Modulating Cortico-Cortical Networks with Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation: A Minireview

Physical Therapy Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 28(1), С. 1 - 8

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Advancements in brain imaging and analytical methods have demonstrated that behavior arises from the coordinated activity of multiple regions within cortico-cortical networks. Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS), a noninvasive (NIBS) technique, applies weak sinusoidal currents to specific using scalp-mounted electrodes. Traditionally, tACS has been used target single enhance functions such as motor, sensory, cognitive abilities. However, recent findings indicate its potential for simultaneously stimulating 2 regions, thereby modulating network strength through neural entrainment-where oscillations synchronize with external rhythmic stimuli. Despite this potential, applications remain primarily focused on individual regions. Given stems dynamic interactions networks rather than isolated minireview explores role these shaping functional connectivity identified by neuroimaging. It also provides an in-depth analysis tool modifying via entrainment, offering promising neurorehabilitation disorders linked dysfunction. This highlights novel approach targeted modulation networks, distinguishing it traditional NIBS techniques.

Язык: Английский

Timing is everything: The effect of early‐life seizures on developing neuronal circuits subserving spatial memory

Epilepsia Open, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 20, 2025

Abstract Spatial memory, the aspect of memory involving encoding and retrieval information regarding one's environment spatial orientation, is a complex biological function incorporating multiple neuronal networks. Hippocampus‐dependent not innate emerges during development in both humans rodents. For to occur, hippocampus forms highly associative networks integrating external inputs conveying multi‐sensory, proprioceptive, contextual, emotional onto internally generated dynamics. Hippocampal cognitive maps are produced by sequences transient ordered activations that represent only but also temporal order events episode. This patterned activity fine‐tunes synaptic connectivity network drives emergence specific firing necessary for memory. In rodent hippocampus, there sequence spontaneous activities precisely timed, starting with early sharp waves progressing theta gamma oscillations, place grid cell firing, wave‐ripples must occur develop. Whereas normal patterns required circuit maturation, aberrant can have major adverse consequences, disrupting Seizures infancy, massive bursts synchronized activity, result impaired when animals tested as adolescents or adults. accompanied alterations oscillations coding cells. Conversely, enhancement oscillatory following early‐life seizures improve impairment. The plasticity developing immature brain provides exciting opportunities therapeutic intervention childhood epilepsy. Plain Language Summary Children epilepsy often struggle learning challenges. Research has shown interfere brain's natural rhythms, which crucial these processes. children particularly harmful because they disrupt connections, still growing maturing this critical time. Exciting new studies suggest using electrical magnetic stimulation adjust rhythms help restore abilities. breakthrough offers hope improving lives

Язык: Английский

Transcranial alternating current stimulation inhibits ferroptosis and promotes functional recovery in spinal cord injury via the cGMP-PKG signalling pathway

Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 123341 - 123341

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский