Trends in Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
21(8), С. 8287 - 8287
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2024
The
spread
of
infectious
diseases
such
as
COVID-19
depends
on
complex
fluid
dynamics
interactions
between
pathogens
and
phases,
including
individual
droplets
multiphase
clouds.
Understanding
these
is
crucial
for
predicting
controlling
disease
spread.
This
applies
to
human
animal
exhalations,
coughs
sneezes,
well
bursting
bubbles
that
create
micron-sized
in
various
indoor
outdoor
environments.
By
exploring
case
studies
this
regard,
study
examines
the
emerging
field
transmission,
focusing
flows,
interfacial
turbulence,
pathogens,
traffic,
aerosol
ventilation,
breathing
microenvironments.
These
results
indicate
increased
ventilation
rates
local
methods
can
effectively
reduce
concentration
SARS-CoV-2-laden
aerosols
immediate
spaces
individuals.
In
a
displacement-ventilated
room,
both
neutral
unstable
conditions
were
more
effective
removing
breathed
from
air,
regardless
presence
test
subjects.
However,
stable
may
increase
risk
infection
individuals
living
confined
spaces.
Thus,
findings
are
useful
providing
practical
guidance
managing
airborne
infections.
HIGHLIGHTS
Fluid
affect
transmission
explored
flow,
dispersion,
respiratory
zones
Increased
SARS-CoV-2
Displacement
eliminates
under
Cramped
damp
environments
GRAPHICAL
ABSTRACT
Journal of Building Engineering,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
85, С. 108715 - 108715
Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024
The
SARS-CoV-2
pandemic
has
underscored
the
critical
importance
of
ventilation
in
mitigating
indoor
airborne
pathogen
transmission.
Numerous
studies
have
consistently
observed
aerosol
transmission
poorly
ventilated
environments.
This
article
aims
to
comprehensively
review
distribution
respiratory
and
non-respiratory
contaminants
across
various
mechanical
natural
systems,
identify
features
different
evaluate
their
performance
diverse
contexts,
highlight
primary
limitations
advantages.
A
total
ten
systems
three
were
reviewed.
Our
analysis
reveals
that
efficiency
these
varies
significantly
based
on
specific
room
contexts
assessment
criteria
employed.
However,
as
a
general
trend,
mixing
(MV)
diffuse
ceiling
exhibit
highest
contaminant
concentrations
infection
risk,
while
stratum
yields
lowest
contamination
levels.
Notably,
laminar
airflow
is
predominantly
employed
cleanrooms,
limited
research
been
conducted
intermittent
(IV).
For
window-integrated
fans
cost-effective
architectural
modifications,
such
optimizing
window
placement
dimensions,
enhance
effectiveness
cross
(CV)
reducing
contaminants.
Single-sided
(SSV)
demonstrates
poorer
air
quality
compared
MV
CV,
necessitating
additional
cleaning
devices.
Research
efficacy
windcatcher
particle
emissions
limited.
Consequently,
recommendations
are
provided
for
each
method
minimize
into
occupants'
breathing
zones.
Finally,
this
identifies
trends
underscores
existing
knowledge
gaps
within
mode.
Public health reviews,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
44
Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2024
The
COVID-19
pandemic
has
been
a
major
public
health
concern
for
the
past
3
years.
Scientific
evidence
on
relationship
between
SARS-CoV-2
infection
and
indoor
air
quality
still
needs
to
be
demonstrated.
This
scoping
review
aims
study
association
indoors
COVID-19.
Journal of Building Engineering,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
84, С. 108528 - 108528
Опубликована: Янв. 14, 2024
Indoor
air
quality
significantly
enhances
employee
productivity
and
well-being
in
offices.
Existing
models
guidelines
emphasize
wind-driven
natural
ventilation
for
exchange
thermal
comfort
but
often
overlook
detailed
airflow
patterns.
Understanding
dynamics
is
crucial
designing
healthy
offices,
offering
insights
into
processes.
This
information
particularly
valuable
mitigating
the
impact
of
CO2
droplet
release
from
multiple
occupants,
contributing
to
creation
healthier
office
environments.
study,
thus,
employs
a
validated
CFD
model
investigate
geometrical
parameters
on
With
about
150
cases
representing
alterations
single-sided
(SV)
double-sided
(DV)
ventilation,
sensitivity
analysis
identifies
key
contributors
Eventually,
while
five
major
categories
patterns
can
be
identified
DV
(i.e.,
(1)
without
weak
zone
(WZ),
with
dominant
WZ,
WZ
bottom
side,
(4)
upper
(5)
two
WZs
sides),
generic
pattern
barely
seen
SV
cases.
Moreover,
cases,
velocity
magnitude
all
outputs.
Leeward
window
geometry
influences
more
than
windward.
Room
dimensions
ACH
SF6
concentration
velocity.
In
infected
occupant
location
dominates
changes
per
hour
(ACH),
theta
impacts
average
contrast
scenarios.
