Indoor and Built Environment,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
32(10), С. 2000 - 2019
Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2023
Air
distribution
system
could
critically
affect
SARS-CoV-2
transmission
in
indoor
space;
therefore,
this
study
aims
at
demonstrating
numerical
characteristics
of
migration
with
varied
air
configurations.
Seven
cases
were
investigated
regarding
three
major
aspects:
how
fast
suspended
particles
can
be
removed
from
the
ventilated
space
or
changed
into
deposited
particles;
much
are
attached
to
various
object
surfaces
which
leads
an
infection
by
touching
fomite.
All
analyzed
through
computational
fluid
dynamics
(CFD).
Both
different
shapes
(round
linear
diffusers)
and
installation
locations
(ceiling
floor)
inlet
outlet
diffusers
investigated.
Results
showed
that
would
lead
dispersion
profiles
infectious
deposition
pattern
on
interior
surfaces.
With
same
flow
rate,
linear-diffuser
perform
better
for
CO
2
extraction
while
requiring
less
time
remove
collide
magnitude
droplets
compared
round-diffuser.
However,
quickly
is
not
proportional
number
total
remained.
Two
additional
double
sized
possessing
best
ventilation
configuration
also
examined
explore
potential
application
best-ventilated
spatial
expansion
cases.
Frontiers in Psychiatry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Фев. 5, 2024
Objectives
To
investigate
and
compare
the
associated
factors
of
depression,
anxiety,
other
psychological
differences
between
patients
with
Corona
Virus
Disease
2019
quarantined
in
square
cabin
hospitals
(SCH)
isolation
wards
(IW)
China.
Methods
Cluster
sampling
method
was
performed
during
Shanghai’s
Two-Month
Lockdown
2022.
Hospital
Anxiety
Depression
Scale
subscale
(HADS-D),
7-tiem
Generalized
Disorder
(GAD-7),
Pittsburgh
sleep
quality
index
(PSQI),
Perceived
Social
Support
(PSSS)
were
used
to
differences.
Results
The
HADS-D
GAD-7
scores
SCH
significantly
higher
than
those
IW
(p
<
0.001;
p
=
0.0295).
Sleep
latency
(SCH-IW
-3.76,
0.001),
duration
-2.22,
0.05),
habitual
efficiency
-4.11,
disturbance
-3.59,
0.001)
use
medication
-5.18,
worse.
main
emotional
problem
patients.
Patients
had
lower
social
support.
disorders
lowest
oxygen
saturation
≤
93%
risk
for
while
support
child
status
protective
factors.
Myalgia
constipation
marital
factor.
Conclusion
risks
depression
Somatic
discomfort
exacerbated
which
could
be
ameliorated
by
taken
into
consideration
future
construction.
The
COVID-19
pandemic
highlighted
the
need
for
rapidly
deployable
healthcare
facilities,
leading
to
increased
use
of
modular
construction
methods.
Nonetheless,
knowledge
about
airflow
patterns
and
spread
bioaerosols
in
these
wards
remains
insufficient,
potentially
heightening
risk
cross-infection
among
workers
patients.
This
paper
presents
a
ventilation
design
negative-pressure
ward
aimed
at
reducing
infectious
particles.
We
investigate
effects
various
designs,
patient
postures
(sitting
supine),
air
changes
per
hour
(ACH)
on
cough
droplets
an
airborne
infection
isolation
room
using
large
eddy
simulation
Eulerian–Lagrangian
model.
Findings
show
that
ceiling
exhaust
grilles
(design
2)
resulted
lowest
radial
dispersion
(3.64
m)
12
ACH,
while
sidewall
exhausts
(baseline)
performed
best
higher
ACH
levels.
Seated
patients
had
quicker
droplet
evaporation
compared
those
supine
position.
setups
survival
included
bed's
bottom
ceiling,
maintaining
minimum
ACH.
Cases
5
13,
with
over
patient's
head
bottom,
showed
concentrations
DPM,
under
0.008
km−3
near
source
less
than
0.001
mid-room.
Sitting
posture
consistently
led
lower
DPM
concentrations.
research
emphasizes
critical
role
placement
re-circulation
transmission
risks,
ultimately
contributing
improved
strategies
control
AII
rooms.
