Polymers,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(8), С. 1089 - 1089
Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025
Cellulose,
a
widely
abundant
natural
polymer,
is
well
recognized
for
its
remarkable
properties,
such
as
biocompatibility,
degradability,
and
mechanical
strength.
Conductive
hydrogels,
with
their
unique
ability
to
conduct
electricity,
have
attracted
significant
attention
in
various
fields.
The
combination
of
cellulose
conductive
hydrogels
has
led
the
emergence
cellulose-based
which
show
great
potential
flexible
electronics,
biomedicine,
energy
storage.
This
review
article
comprehensively
presents
latest
progress
hydrogels.
Firstly,
it
provides
an
in-depth
overview
cellulose,
covering
aspects
like
structure,
diverse
sources,
classification.
emphasizes
cellulose’s
role
renewable
versatile
material.
development
applications
different
forms
including
delignified
wood,
bacterial
nanocellulose,
modified
are
elaborated.
Subsequently,
introduced,
focus
on
network
structures,
single-network,
interpenetrating
network,
semi-interpenetrating
network.
construction
then
discussed
detail.
includes
forms,
classified
into
electronic
ionic
key
performance
requirements,
cost-effectiveness,
property
regulation,
sensitive
response
environmental
stimuli,
self-healing
ability,
stable
conductivity,
multifunctionality.
multiple
areas
also
presented.
In
wearable
sensors,
they
can
effectively
monitor
human
physiological
signals
real
time.
intelligent
contribute
wound
healing,
tissue
engineering,
nerve
regeneration.
supercapacitors,
offer
green
sustainable
gel
electrolytes
conventional
batteries,
help
address
critical
issues
lithium
dendrite
growth.
Despite
progress,
there
still
challenges
overcome.
These
include
enhancing
multifunctionality
intelligence
strengthening
connection
artificial
intelligence,
achieving
simple,
green,
large-scale
industrial
production.
Future
research
directions
should
center
around
exploring
new
synthesis
methods,
optimizing
material
expanding
emerging
fields,
aiming
promote
widespread
commercialization
these
materials.
Abstract
Intelligent
wearable
sensors
based
on
MXenes
hydrogels
are
rapidly
advancing
the
frontier
of
personalized
healthcare
management.
MXenes,
a
new
class
transition
metal
carbon/nitride
synthesized
only
decade
ago,
have
proved
to
be
promising
candidate
for
soft
sensors,
advanced
human–machine
interfaces,
and
biomimicking
systems
due
their
controllable
high
electrical
conductivity,
as
well
unique
mechanical
properties
derived
from
atomistically
thin
layered
structure.
In
addition,
MXenes’
biocompatibility,
hydrophilicity,
antifouling
render
them
particularly
suitable
synergize
with
into
composite
mechanoelectrical
functions.
Nonetheless,
while
use
MXene
multifunctional
surface
or
an
current
collector
such
energy
device
electrode
is
prevalent,
its
incorporation
gel
system
purpose
sensing
vastly
less
understood
formalized.
This
review
provides
systematic
exposition
synthesis,
property,
application
intelligent
sensors.
Specific
challenges
opportunities
synthesis
adoption
in
practical
applications
explicitly
analyzed
discussed
facilitate
cross
gemination
across
disciplines
advance
potential
hydrogels.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(19), С. 25181 - 25193
Опубликована: Май 3, 2024
Supermolecular
hydrogel
ionic
skin
(i-skin)
linked
with
smartphones
has
attracted
widespread
attention
in
physiological
activity
detection
due
to
its
good
stability
complex
scenarios.
However,
the
low
conductivity,
inferior
mechanical
properties,
poor
contact
adhesion,
and
insufficient
freeze
resistance
of
most
used
hydrogels
limit
their
practical
application
flexible
electronics.
Herein,
a
novel
multifunctional
poly(vinyl
alcohol)-based
conductive
organohydrogel
(PCEL5.0%)
supermolecular
structure
was
constructed
by
innovatively
employing
sodium
carboxymethyl
cellulose
(CMC-Na)
as
reinforcement
material,
ethylene
glycol
antifreeze,
lithium
chloride
water
retaining
agent.
Thanks
synergistic
effect
these
components,
PCEL5.0%
shows
excellent
performance
terms
conductivity
(1.61
S
m–1),
properties
(tensile
strength
70.38
kPa
elongation
at
break
537.84%),
interfacial
adhesion
(1.06
pig
skin),
frost
(−50.4
°C),
retention
(67.1%
22%
relative
humidity),
remoldability.
The
resultant
PCEL5.0%-based
i-skin
delivers
satisfactory
sensitivity
(GF
=
1.38)
fast
response
(348
ms)
high
precision
under
different
deformations
temperature
(−25
°C).
Significantly,
wireless
sensor
system
based
on
can
transmit
signals
from
activities
sign
language
smartphone
Bluetooth
technology
dynamically
displays
status
movements.
great
potential
diverse
fields
detection,
human–computer
interaction,
rehabilitation
medicine.
Gels,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
10(6), С. 365 - 365
Опубликована: Май 25, 2024
Cellulose
hydrogels,
formed
either
through
physical
or
chemical
cross-linking
into
a
three-dimensional
network
from
cellulose
its
derivatives,
are
renowned
for
their
exceptional
water
absorption
capacities
and
biocompatibility.
Rising
demands
sustainable
materials
have
spurred
interest
in
attributed
to
abundant
supply,
biodegradability,
non-toxic
nature.
These
properties
highlight
extensive
potential
across
various
sectors
including
biomedicine,
the
food
industry,
environmental
protection.
hydrogels
particularly
advantageous
applications
such
as
drug
delivery,
wound
dressing,
treatment.
Recent
large-scale
studies
advanced
our
understanding
of
preparation
applications.
This
review
delves
fundamental
concepts,
techniques,
current
diverse
fields.
It
also
discusses
latest
advances
nano-lignin-based
providing
comprehensive
overview
this
promising
material
offering
insights
guidance
future
research
development.
Abstract
Solar‐powered
interfacial
water
evaporation
is
a
promising
technique
for
alleviating
freshwater
stress.
However,
the
performance
of
solar
evaporators
still
constrained
by
low
photothermal
conversion
efficiency
and
high
enthalpy.
Herein,
0D
carbon
quantum
dots
(CQDs)
are
combined
with
2D
MXene
to
serve
as
hybrid
material
enhance
light
absorption
ability,
meanwhile
sodium
carboxymethyl
cellulose
(CMC)/polyacrylamide
(PAM)
hydrogels
used
substrate
transport
reduce
enthalpy
evaporation.
The
synergistic
effect
in
CQDs/2D
materials
accelerate
carrier
transfer,
inducing
efficient
localized
surface
plasmon
resonance
(LSPR)
effect.
This
results
enhanced
efficiency.
integrated
hydrogel
demonstrate
rate
(1.93
2.86
kg
m
−2
h
−1
under
1
2
sunlights,
respectively)
(1485
J
g
).
In
addition,
applied
sensing
temperature
difference
power
generation
(TEG).
TEG
device
presents
an
output
density
(230.7
mW
)
sunlight.
work
provides
feasible
approach
regulating
controlling
performances
evaporators,
gives
proof‐of‐concept
design
multipurpose
systems.
