Polymers,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(13), С. 1866 - 1866
Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2024
This
paper
presents
an
approach
for
hydrolyzing
cellulose
nanocrystals
from
oil
palm
empty
fruit
bunch
(OPEFB)
presented
through
hydrochloric
acid
hydrolysis
under
sonication–hydrothermal
conditions.
Differences
in
concentration,
reaction
time,
and
acid-to-cellulose
ratio
affect
toward
the
yield,
crystallinity,
microstructure,
thermal
stability
were
obtained.
The
highest
yield
of
up
to
74.82%,
crystallinity
78.59%,
a
maximum
degradation
temperature
(Tmax)
339.82
°C
achieved
using
3
M
HCl
at
110
during
1
h.
X-ray
diffraction
analysis
indicated
higher
peak
pattern
2θ
=
22.6°
low
18°.
All
showed
crystalline
size
nm,
it
was
that
process
could
reduce
cellulose.
Infrared
spectroscopy
deletion
lignin
hemicellulose
demonstrated
spectrum.
Cellulose
nanocrystal
morphology
more
compact
structure
well-ordered
surface
arrangement
than
also
had
good
stability,
as
high
indicated,
where
CNC-D1
began
degrading
temperatures
(T0)
307.09
decomposed
340.56
°C.
Polymers,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(7), С. 980 - 980
Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024
Semi-crystalline
natural
polymers
are
involved
in
many
technological
processes.
Biopolymers
having
identical
chemical
compositions
can
differ
reactivity
heterogeneous
transformations
depending
on
their
crystal
structure
(polymorphic
modification).
This
paper
compares
the
recrystallization
processes
occurring
polysaccharides
(cellulose,
chitin,
and
starch)
individual
form
as
a
component
of
native
biomass.
Aqueous
treatment
pre-amorphized
semi-crystalline
biopolymers
was
shown
to
result
swelling,
thus
alleviating
kinetic
restrictions
imposed
restoration
crystalline
regions
phase
transition
thermodynamically
more
stable
polymorphic
modification.
During
recrystallization,
cellulose
I
within
plant-based
biomass
undergoes
II.
A
similar
situation
demonstrated
for
α-
β-chitin,
which
recrystallize
only
into
α-polymorphic
modification
case
both
materials.
Recrystallization
A-,
B-,
C-type
starch,
flour,
during
aqueous
treatment,
results
transition,
predominantly
B-type
starch.
The
process
depends
temperature
treatment;
longer
duration
has
almost
no
effect
degree
polymers,
Results in Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
10, С. 101683 - 101683
Опубликована: Июль 27, 2024
Studying
the
effect
of
raw
material
particle
size
on
properties
isolated
nanocellulose
is
crucial
for
enhancing
performance,
optimizing
processing
techniques,
and
promoting
sustainability
in
various
industrial
applications.
Therefore,
this
study
aims
to
extract
characterize
from
spent
coffee
ground
(SCG)
with
different
particles
(A:
850–1000,
B:
500–850,
C:
350–500
μm).
For
purpose,
SCGs
were
purified
using
alkaline
bleaching
agents
cellulose,
followed
by
acid
hydrolysis
(sulfuric
64
%,
45
°C,
1
h)
combined
ultrasonication
treatment
produce
nanocellulose.
The
obtained
nanocelluloses
characterized
terms
morphology,
distribution,
sulfur
content,
ζ-potential,
crystallinity,
crystal
size,
thermal
stability,
re-dispersibility
water.
Atomic
force
microscopy
confirmed
production
spherical
(CNS)
diameter
ranging
65.21
nm
A-CNS
49.31
48.06
B
C-CNS,
respectively.
ζ-potential
fresh
dispersions
decreased
−44
mV
−41
−40
content
also
gradually
214.30
(A-CNS)
191.29
mmol/kg
(C-CNS).
All
CNS
relatively
thermally
stable,
analysis
showing
enhanced
stability
A-CNS.
crystallinity
index
(64–69
%)
(2.21–2.39
nm)
not
affected
sizes.
In
summary,
dimensions,
dispersions,
varied
significantly
among
samples,
depending
SCG.
it
strongly
recommended
that
researchers
choose
optimum
producing
desired
Molecules,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
29(18), С. 4406 - 4406
Опубликована: Сен. 16, 2024
In
the
recent
era,
bio-nanocomposites
represent
an
emerging
group
of
nanostructured
hybrid
materials
and
have
been
included
in
a
new
field
at
frontier
science,
life
sciences,
nanotechnology.
These
biohybrid
reveal
developed
structural
functional
features
great
attention
for
diverse
uses.
take
advantage
synergistic
assembling
biopolymers
with
nanometer-sized
reinforcements.
Conversely,
polysaccharides
received
due
to
their
several
biological
properties
like
antimicrobial
antioxidant
performance.
They
mainly
originated
different
parts
plants,
animals,
seaweed,
microorganisms
(bacteria,
fungi,
yeasts).
Polysaccharide-based
nanocomposites
features,
physical,
structural,
features;
affordability;
biodegradability;
biocompatibility.
bio-based
applied
biomedical,
water
treatment,
food
industries,
etc.
This
paper
will
focus
on
very
trends
bio-nanocomposite
based
applications.
Sources
extraction
methods
preparation
be
discussed.
Polymers,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(13), С. 1866 - 1866
Опубликована: Июнь 29, 2024
This
paper
presents
an
approach
for
hydrolyzing
cellulose
nanocrystals
from
oil
palm
empty
fruit
bunch
(OPEFB)
presented
through
hydrochloric
acid
hydrolysis
under
sonication–hydrothermal
conditions.
Differences
in
concentration,
reaction
time,
and
acid-to-cellulose
ratio
affect
toward
the
yield,
crystallinity,
microstructure,
thermal
stability
were
obtained.
The
highest
yield
of
up
to
74.82%,
crystallinity
78.59%,
a
maximum
degradation
temperature
(Tmax)
339.82
°C
achieved
using
3
M
HCl
at
110
during
1
h.
X-ray
diffraction
analysis
indicated
higher
peak
pattern
2θ
=
22.6°
low
18°.
All
showed
crystalline
size
nm,
it
was
that
process
could
reduce
cellulose.
Infrared
spectroscopy
deletion
lignin
hemicellulose
demonstrated
spectrum.
Cellulose
nanocrystal
morphology
more
compact
structure
well-ordered
surface
arrangement
than
also
had
good
stability,
as
high
indicated,
where
CNC-D1
began
degrading
temperatures
(T0)
307.09
decomposed
340.56
°C.
