Cancers,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(6), С. 1177 - 1177
Опубликована: Март 17, 2024
Lung
neuroendocrine
tumors
(LNETs)
and
gastroenteropancreatic
(GEP-NETs)
are
two
distinct
types
of
(NETs)
that
have
traditionally
been
treated
as
a
single
entity
despite
originating
from
different
sources.
Although
they
share
certain
phenotypic
characteristics
the
expression
markers,
exhibit
differences
in
their
microenvironment,
molecular
mutations,
responses
to
various
therapeutic
regimens.
Recent
research
has
explored
genetic
alterations
these
tumors,
revealing
dissimilarities
frequently
mutated
genes,
role
EGFR
carcinogenesis,
presence
transcription
factors,
immunogenicity
tumor
its
microenvironment.
Spread
Through
Air
Spaces
(STAS),
phenomenon
unique
lung
carcinomas,
appears
play
crucial
LNET
prognosis.
These
distinctions
also
evident
cascade
response
GI
tract
somatostatin
analogs,
Peptide
Receptor
Radionuclide
Therapy
(PRRT),
chemotherapy,
immunotherapy.
Identifying
similarities
between
groups
may
improve
our
understanding
underlying
mechanisms
facilitate
development
more
effective
treatment
strategies.
Theranostics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(8), С. 3300 - 3316
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Patient-derived
organoids
(PDOs)
have
emerged
as
a
promising
platform
for
clinical
and
translational
studies.
A
strong
correlation
exists
between
outcomes
the
use
of
PDOs
to
predict
efficacy
chemotherapy
and/or
radiotherapy.
To
standardize
interpretation
enhance
scientific
communication
in
field
cancer
precision
medicine,
we
revisit
concept
PDO-based
drug
sensitivity
testing
(DST).
We
present
an
expert
consensus-driven
approach
medication
selection
aimed
at
predicting
patient
responses.
further
DST,
propose
guidelines
clarification
characterization.
Additionally,
identify
several
major
challenges
prediction
when
utilizing
PDOs.
Endocrine Pathology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
35(2), С. 91 - 106
Опубликована: Март 12, 2024
Abstract
In
the
last
two
decades,
increasing
availability
of
technologies
for
molecular
analyses
has
allowed
an
insight
in
genomic
alterations
neuroendocrine
neoplasms
(NEN)
gastrointestinal
tract
and
pancreas.
This
knowledge
confirmed,
supported,
informed
pathological
classification
NEN,
clarifying
differences
between
carcinomas
(NEC)
tumors
(NET)
helping
to
define
G3
NET
category.
At
same
time,
identification
alterations,
terms
gene
mutation,
structural
abnormalities,
epigenetic
changes
differentially
involved
pathogenesis
NEC
identified
potential
targets
precision
therapy.
review
critically
recapitulates
available
features
digestive
NET,
highlighting
their
correlates
with
aspects
clinical
characteristics
these
revising
role
as
predictive
biomarkers
targeted
this
context,
feasibility
applicability
a
pancreatic
NEN
will
be
explored.
Clinical and Translational Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(4)
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024
Abstract
Background
Organoid
technology
is
an
emerging
and
rapidly
growing
field
that
shows
promise
in
studying
organ
development
screening
therapeutic
regimens.
Although
organoids
have
been
proposed
for
a
decade,
concerns
exist,
including
batch‐to‐batch
variations,
lack
of
the
native
microenvironment
clinical
applicability.
Main
body
The
concept
has
derived
patient‐derived
tumour
(PDTOs)
personalized
drug
new
discovery,
mitigating
risks
medication
misuse.
greater
similarity
between
PDTOs
primary
tumours,
more
influential
model
will
be.
Recently,
‘tumour
assembloids’
inspired
by
cell‐coculture
attracted
attention
to
complement
current
PDTO
technology.
High‐quality
must
reassemble
critical
components,
multiple
cell
types,
matrix,
paracrine
factors,
angiogenesis
microorganisms.
This
review
begins
with
brief
overview
history
PDTOs,
followed
approaches
generating
assembloids.
Personalized
practised;
however,
it
remains
unclear
whether
can
predict
immunotherapies,
immune
drugs
(e.g.
checkpoint
inhibitors)
cells
tumour‐infiltrating
lymphocyte,
T
receptor‐engineered
chimeric
antigen
receptor‐T
cell).
as
cancer
avatars
patients,
be
expanded
stored
form
biobank.
Conclusion
Fundamental
research
trials
are
ongoing,
intention
use
these
models
replace
animals.
Pre‐clinical
immunotherapy
using
beneficial
patients.
Key
Points
not
yet
constructed
key
cellular
non‐cellular
components.
should
expandable
editable.
promising
preclinical
unless
mature
established.
biobanks
consensual
standards
urgently
needed.
Trends in cancer,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Tumoroids
are
cultures
of
patient-derived
tumor
cells,
which
grown
in
3D
the
presence
an
extracellular
matrix
extract
and
specific
growth
factors.
can
be
generated
from
adult
as
well
pediatric
cancers,
including
epithelial
sarcomas,
brain
cancers.
retain
multi-omic
characteristics
their
corresponding
recapitulate
interpatient
intratumor
heterogeneity.
Retrospective
prospective
studies
have
demonstrated
that
tumoroids
predict
patient
responses
to
anticancer
therapies,
making
them
a
promising
tool
for
precision
oncology.
However,
several
challenges
remain
before
fully
integrated
into
clinical
decision-making,
success
rates
tumoroid
establishment
turnaround
times.
This
review
discusses
current
advances,
challenges,
future
directions
tumoroid-based
models
cancer
research
therapy.
Cancers,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(15), С. 3756 - 3756
Опубликована: Июль 25, 2023
Pancreatic
neuroendocrine
neoplasms
(pNENs)
are
a
heterogeneous
group
of
tumors
derived
from
multiple
origin
cell
subtypes.
Incidence
rates
for
pNENs
have
steadily
risen
over
the
last
decade,
and
outcomes
continue
to
vary
widely
due
inability
properly
screen.
These
encompass
wide
range
functional
non-functional
subtypes,
with
their
rarity
slow
growth
making
therapeutic
development
difficult
as
most
clinically
used
therapeutics
retrospective
analyses.
Improved
molecular
understanding
these
cancers
has
increased
our
knowledge
tumor
biology
pNENs.
Despite
advances
in
pNENs,
there
remains
dearth
models
further
investigation.
In
this
review,
we
will
cover
current
field
pNEN
models,
which
include
established
lines,
animal
such
mice
zebrafish,
three-dimensional
(3D)
compare
uses
modeling
various
disease
aspects.
While
no
study
model
is
complete
representation
biology,
each
advantages
allow
new
scientific
rare
tumors.
Future
efforts
advancements
technology
create
options
cancers.
Lung
neuroendocrine
tumors
(LNETs)
and
gastroenteropancreatic
(GEPNETs)
are
two
distinct
types
of
(NETs)
that
have
traditionally
been
treated
as
a
single
entity
despite
originating
from
different
sources.
Although
they
share
certain
phenotypic
characteristics
the
expression
markers,
exhibit
differences
in
their
microenvironment,
molecular
mutations,
responses
to
various
therapeutic
regimens.
Recent
research
has
explored
genetic
alterations
these
tumors,
revealing
dissimilarities
frequently
mutated
genes,
role
EGFR
carcinogenesis,
presence
transcription
factors,
immunogenicity
tumor
its
microenvironment.
Spread
Through
Air
Spaces
(STAS),
phenomenon
unique
lung
carcinomas,
appears
play
crucial
LNET
prognosis.
These
distinctions
also
evident
cascade
response
GI
tract
somatostatin
analogs,
Peptide
Receptor
Radionuclide
Therapy
(PRRT),
chemotherapy,
immunotherapy.
Identifying
similarities
between
groups
may
im-prove
our
understanding
underlying
mechanisms
facilitate
development
more
effective
treatment
strategies.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025
Abstract
The
field
of
cancer
biology
and
therapeutics
has
soared
in
the
past
several
decades
with
new
therapeutic
modalities
options
for
patients,
such
as
chemoradiotherapy,
immunotherapy,
combination
therapy.
This
dramatic
success
expanding
patient
is
primarily
attributed
to
development
various
model
systems
elucidate
drivers
oncogenesis,
tumor
maturation
evolution,
response
therapeutics.
While
mouse
models
have
been
a
workhorse
research,
technological
progress
ex
vivo
patient‐derived
afforded
more
tunable
scrutable
patient‐predictive
platforms
mechanistic
study.
review
explores
innovations
3D
solid
their
applicability
aspects
identification
Features
microenvironment
like
spatial
heterogeneity,
multicellular
populations,
genomic
variations
are
addressed
elaborated
through
establishment
vitro
models.
integration
perfusable
vasculature
potentially
wide‐ranging
applications
these
complex
precision
medicine
immunotherapy
further
addressed.
Finally,
an
outlook
on
future
experimental
both
biological
investigation
bench‐to‐bedside
pipeline
provided.
