Breast cancer: pathogenesis and treatments
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
10(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2025
Abstract
Breast
cancer,
characterized
by
unique
epidemiological
patterns
and
significant
heterogeneity,
remains
one
of
the
leading
causes
malignancy-related
deaths
in
women.
The
increasingly
nuanced
molecular
subtypes
breast
cancer
have
enhanced
comprehension
precision
treatment
this
disease.
mechanisms
tumorigenesis
progression
been
central
to
scientific
research,
with
investigations
spanning
various
perspectives
such
as
tumor
stemness,
intra-tumoral
microbiota,
circadian
rhythms.
Technological
advancements,
particularly
those
integrated
artificial
intelligence,
significantly
improved
accuracy
detection
diagnosis.
emergence
novel
therapeutic
concepts
drugs
represents
a
paradigm
shift
towards
personalized
medicine.
Evidence
suggests
that
optimal
diagnosis
models
tailored
individual
patient
risk
expected
are
crucial,
supporting
era
oncology
for
cancer.
Despite
rapid
advancements
increasing
emphasis
on
clinical
comprehensive
update
summary
panoramic
knowledge
related
disease
needed.
In
review,
we
provide
thorough
overview
global
status
including
its
epidemiology,
factors,
pathophysiology,
subtyping.
Additionally,
elaborate
latest
research
into
contributing
progression,
emerging
strategies,
long-term
management.
This
review
offers
valuable
insights
Cancer
Research,
thereby
facilitating
future
progress
both
basic
application.
Язык: Английский
Sequencing of high-frequency mutated genes in breast cancer (BRCA) and associated-functions analysis
International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
18(2), С. 46 - 62
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Mutations
or
aberrant
expression
of
genes
in
an
organism
tend
not
to
be
completely
random
and
this
cumulative
effect
predisposes
the
development
malignant
tumours.
This
study
aims
reveal
possible
high
frequency
mutated
genes,
then
investigate
their
role
development,
prognosis,
signalling
pathway
function
drug
resistance
breast
cancer.
The
cancer
(BRCA)
clinical
samples
were
identified
detected
by
high-throughput
sequencing.
High-frequency
mutant
counted.
Gene
profiles
relationship
with
prognosis
analysed
throughout
TCGA
database.
qRT-PCR
was
used
analyse
mRNA
levels
six
high-frequency
BRCA
tissues
cell
lines.
IHC
protein
tissues.
linear
interaction,
single-cell
layer
clustering
status
influence
immune
infiltration
degree
among
these
bioinformatics
analysis.
STITCH
cMAP
datasets
for
gene
interaction
networks,
association
enrichment
drug-transcriptome
analyses.
effects
trastuzumab
on
proliferative
capacity
cells,
as
well
determined
CCK8
assay.
that
statistically
found
have
mutations
recruited
present
sequencing
analysis
included
TP53,
PIK3CA,
NF1,
TBX3,
BRCA1
BRCA2.
correlation
further
demonstrated
using
database:
trend
similar
TCGA.
showed
BRCA2
higher
tumor
than
normal
samples,
opposite
a
observed
expressions
displayed
same
IHC.
Other
results
include
1)
single
resulted
significant
few
overlapping
regions;
2)
different
degrees
infiltration;
3)
between
each
other;
4)
network
had
partially
molecules;
5)
PI3K
key
BRCA.
Finally,
proliferation
ability
confirmed
optimal
concentration
its
genes.
Язык: Английский
Neoadjuvant fuzuloparib combined with abiraterone for localized high-risk prostate cancer (FAST-PC): A single-arm phase 2 study
Cell Reports Medicine,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown, С. 102018 - 102018
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
Highlights•Neoadjuvant
PARPi
+
ARSi
shows
efficacy
with
manageable
toxicity
in
high-risk
PCa•Biallelic
HRR/BRCA2
alterations
correlate
faster
PSA
decline•Post-treatment
analysis
reveals
MYC
suppression
and
reduced
proliferation-related
pathways•Drug-tolerant
persister
cells
exhibit
enhanced
EMT
AP-1
activationSummaryPreclinical
studies
suggest
synergistic
effects
between
androgen
receptor
inhibitors
poly(adenosine
diphosphate-ribose)
polymerase
(PARP)
inhibitors.
This
phase
2
trial
(NCT05223582)
evaluates
neoadjuvant
fuzuloparib
plus
abiraterone
35
treatment-naive
men
localized
prostate
cancer.
Patients
receive
six
cycles
of
therapy
followed
by
radical
prostatectomy.
Primary
endpoints
are
pathological
complete
response
(pCR)
minimal
residual
disease
(MRD,
≤5
mm).
The
combined
pCR/MRD
rate
is
46%
(95%
confidence
interval
[CI]:
29%–63%),
a
53%
2-year
biochemical
progression-free
survival
rate.
Grade
≥3
adverse
events
occur
23%
patients.
Biallelic
homologous
recombination
repair/BRCA2
prostate-specific
antigen
decline.
Post-treatment
genomic
analyses
reveal
amplification
proliferation
markers,
alongside
activated
epithelial-mesenchymal
transition/activator
protein
1
(AP-1)
pathways.
meets
its
primary
endpoint,
demonstrating
feasibility
preliminary
efficacy,
while
exploratory
biomarkers
may
guide
future
studies.Graphical
abstract
Язык: Английский
MGAT4EP promotes tumor progression and serves as a prognostic marker for breast cancer
Cancer Biology & Therapy,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
26(1)
Опубликована: Март 11, 2025
Breast
cancer
remains
a
global
health
challenge
with
varied
prognoses
despite
treatment
advancements.
Therefore,
this
study
explores
the
pseudogene
MGAT4EP
as
potential
biomarker
and
therapeutic
target
in
breast
cancer.
Using
TCGA
data
bioinformatics,
was
identified
significantly
overexpressed
tissues
associated
poor
prognosis.
Multivariate
Cox
regression
confirmed
important
prognostic
factor.
A
clinical
prediction
model
based
on
expression
showed
high
accuracy
for
1-,
3-,
5-year
survival
rates
translated
into
nomogram
application.
Functional
studies
revealed
that
silencing
via
siRNA
promoted
apoptosis,
inhibited
migration
invasion
cells.
RNA-seq,
GSEA,
GO
analyses
linked
to
apoptosis
focal
adhesion
pathways.
Notably,
knock
down
of
suppressed
tumor
growth
metastasis
xenograft
lung
models.
Taken
together,
these
findings
establish
an
attractive
metastatic
provide
promising
treatment.
Язык: Английский
Precision Spatial Control of Tumor‐Stroma Interactions in Cancer Models via 3D Bioprinting for Advanced Research and Therapy
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2025
Abstract
As
an
emerging
technology
for
modeling
cancer
tissue
in
vitro,
3D
bioprinting
facilitates
precise
spatial
manipulation
of
cells
and
biomaterials,
allowing
the
replication
complex
architectures
accurate
recapitulation
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
features.
This
review
initially
elucidates
mechanisms
underlying
tumorigenesis
associated
TME
complexity,
with
a
particular
focus
on
roles
stromal
cell
populations
characteristics
extracellular
matrix
(ECM)
progression.
Moreover,
this
work
summarizes
recent
advances
bioprinted
models,
emphasizing
their
application
studying
cell‐ECM
interactions,
stromal‐tumor
crosstalk,
vasculature
formation
investigating
occurrence
metastasis,
as
well
utility
high‐throughput
drug
screening
therapeutic
development.
Finally,
discusses
advantages
challenges
creating
biomimetic
while
providing
insights
into
future
development
trajectories
potential
translational
applications
research
personalized
medicine.
By
focusing
these
critical
dimensions,
aims
to
highlight
transformative
role
advancing
vitro
models
ultimate
goal
improving
treatment,
prevention,
patient
outcomes.
Язык: Английский
Precision medicine for breast cancer: advances and challenges
Translational Breast Cancer Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5, С. 35 - 35
Опубликована: Окт. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Spatially defined microenvironment for engineering organoids
Biophysics Reviews,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5(4)
Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2024
In
the
intricately
defined
spatial
microenvironment,
a
single
fertilized
egg
remarkably
develops
into
conserved
and
well-organized
multicellular
organism.
This
observation
leads
us
to
hypothesize
that
stem
cells
or
other
seed
cell
types
have
potential
construct
fully
structured
functional
tissues
organs,
provided
cues
are
appropriately
configured.
Current
organoid
technology,
however,
largely
depends
on
spontaneous
growth
self-organization,
lacking
systematic
guided
intervention.
As
result,
structures
replicated
in
vitro
often
emerge
disordered
sparse
manner
during
phases.
Although
existing
organoids
made
significant
contributions
many
aspects,
such
as
advancing
our
understanding
of
development
pathogenesis,
aiding
personalized
drug
selection,
well
expediting
development,
their
creating
large-scale
implantable
tissue
organ
constructs,
constructing
multicomponent
microphysiological
systems,
together
with
functioning
at
metabolic
levels
remains
underutilized.
Recent
discoveries
demonstrated
definition
factors
not
only
induces
directional
migration
but
also
formation
assembloids
multiple
regional
identities.
opens
new
avenues
for
innovative
engineering
higher-order
organoids.
Concurrently,
organization
microenvironmental
cues,
physical
stresses,
mechanical
loads,
material
composition,
has
been
minimally
explored.
review
delves
burgeoning
field
focus
control.
It
offers
insight
molecular
principles,
expected
outcomes,
applications,
envisioning
future
perspective
this
domain.
Язык: Английский
Advancements in Organoid Culture Technologies: Current Trends and Innovations
Stem Cells and Development,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
33(23-24), С. 631 - 644
Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2024
Organoids
have
emerged
as
valuable
tools
in
investigating
disease
mechanisms,
drug
efficacy,
and
personalized
medicine
due
to
their
capacity
recapitulate
crucial
aspects
of
tissue
physiology,
including
cell-cell
interactions,
heterogeneity,
microenvironmental
cues,
responses.
Despite
broad
applicability
across
various
research
domains,
conventional
organoid
culture
methods
are
plagued
by
several
limitations
that
hinder
progress.
These
include
the
inability
faithfully
recreate
microenvironments,
immune
contexts,
vascular
systems.
Fortunately,
ongoing
advancements
techniques
addressing
these
shortcomings.
In
this
review,
we
provide
a
comprehensive
overview
current
mainstream
protocols.
By
evaluating
protocols,
researchers
can
identify
most
suitable
experimental
methods,
thereby
optimizing
resource
allocation
outcomes.
Язык: Английский
Organoids as a model system for researching human neuroendocrine tumor of the breast
Cancer Cell International,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
24(1)
Опубликована: Дек. 27, 2024
Neuroendocrine
tumors
primarily
consist
of
endocrine
cells
commonly
located
in
neural
tissue
and
the
system.
Primary
neuroendocrine
neoplasms
breast
are
highly
heterogeneous
characterized
by
a
diverse
cell
population.
Their
rarity
poses
considerable
challenges
studying
their
pathogenesis
developing
effective
treatments.
The
surgical
specimen
was
obtained
from
Chinese
female
patient
diagnosed
with
tumor
(NETB).
We
performed
histological
staining
established
NETB
patient-derived
organoids,
which
were
subsequently
used
for
staining,
drug
screen,
Single-cell
RNA
sequencing.
successfully
organoids
patient.
Histological
showed
that
morphological
characteristics
expression
molecular
biomarkers
(ER,
PR,
HER2,
Ki67,
Syn,
CgA)
resembled
those
original
tissue.
exhibited
varying
sensitivities
to
seven
different
drugs.
sequencing
revealed
significant
heterogeneity
functions
among
these
organoids.
This
first
instance
establishing
an
organoid
model
NETB.
Due
high
heterogeneity,
this
provides
robust
foundation
clinical
research.
In
future,
it
could
serve
as
reliable
tool
disease
pathology
diagnosis,
screening,
genetic
level
studies.
Язык: Английский