Visible-Light-Induced Energy-Transfer-Mediated Hydrofunctionalization and Difunctionalization of Unsaturated Compounds via Sigma-Bond Homolysis of Energy-Transfer Acceptors

ACS Catalysis, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(3), С. 1854 - 1941

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

Over the past decade, visible-light-mediated energy-transfer (EnT) catalysis, particularly triplet–triplet (TTEnT) has emerged as a mild and environmentally friendly approach for diverse organic synthetic transformations. In contrast to photoredox which typically requires sacrificial electron donors or acceptors complete catalytic cycle, EnT photocatalysis generally proceeds with high atom economy while minimizing generation of wasteful byproducts. Furthermore, successful catalysis is contingent upon precise control redox potentials both photocatalysts substrates, strategies are primarily influenced by triplet energy compatibility between these entities. Considering growing importance photocatalysis, well hydrofunctionalization difunctionalization reactions in synthesis, this review systematically summarizes significant advancements EnT-enabled unsaturated compounds via sigma-bond homolysis over decade. Special emphasis placed on elucidating substrate scopes mechanistic scenarios. Additionally, discusses versatile applications methodologies addresses current challenges opportunities within evolving research field. This structured into six main categories based different types sigma-bonds undergoing homolysis. These include transformations mediated 1) N–O bond oxime esters other N,O-radical precursors; 2) N–S N-sulfonyl imines N,S-radical 3) chalcogen–chalcogen disulfides oxy/thio/selenosulfonates; 4) C–S tri/difluoromethylated sulfinates, acetylenic triflones, arylsulfonium salts; 5) C–X (X = halogen) halides; 6) acceptors. Through providing theoretical backgrounds along comprehensive overview currently employed acceptors, photosensitizers, contemporary EnT-induced compounds, aims serve an invaluable resource future innovations rapidly

Язык: Английский

Oxa-π, σ-Methane Rearrangement Approach for Epoxide Synthesis

Journal of the American Chemical Society, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 30, 2025

Epoxides are significant chemicals that utilized across various fields. Here, we describe an unprecedented photochemical rearrangement approach for synthesizing a diverse collection of epoxides enabled by energy transfer catalysis under visible light conditions. The process enables the easy preparation α-amino-substituted epoxide derivatives with broad substrate scope, functional group tolerance, and mild reaction Furthermore, this photorearrangement has also been applied in complex architectures, could be easily transferred to amino alcohol derivatives. Overall, oxa-π, σ-methane provides complementary strategy existing methods through catalysis.

Язык: Английский