The
primary
contributor
to
global
warming
has
been
the
careless
usage
of
fossil
fuels.
Urbanization's
threat
depletion
these
resources
made
it
necessary
find
alternatives
due
rising
demand.
Four
different
forms
biofuels
are
now
available
and
constitute
a
possible
replacement
for
first
generation
is
generated
from
edible
portion
biomass,
second
non-edible
third
algal
fourth
using
molecular
biology
improve
strain.
Second
extremely
important
because
they
derived
such
as
agricultural
agro-industrial
wastes
rich
in
cellulose,
hemicellulose,
pectin,
starch
impregnated
with
lignin,
hydrolyzed
after
delignification
by
physio-chemical
or
biological
pretreatments
ligninases.
There
lot
research
on
their
production
chemical
enzymatic
hydrolysis,
but
not
economically
viable
comparison
formation
several
inhibitors
hydrolysis
high
cost
enzymes.
Furthermore,
need
multiple
enzymes
various
types
carbohydrates
feedstocks
makes
process
too
expensive.
This
article
examines
involved
bioethanol,
highly
acceptable
biofuel.
Biotechnology for Biofuels and Bioproducts,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
17(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2024
Abstract
Background
The
recently
discovered
Pc
AA14A
and
B
from
white-rot
basidiomycete
Pycnoporus
coccineus
enriched
our
understanding
of
the
oxidative
degradation
xylan
in
fungi,
however,
unusual
mode
action
AA14
LPMOs
has
sparked
controversy.
substrate
specificity
functionality
still
remain
enigmatic
need
further
investigation.
Results
In
this
study,
a
novel
LPMO
was
characterized
ascomycete
Talaromyces
rugulosus
.
Tr
broad
with
strong
activity
on
pure
amorphous
cellulose
xyloglucan.
It
could
simultaneously
oxidize
cellulose,
xyloglucan
natural
hemi/cellulosic
such
as
fibrillated
eucalyptus
pulp,
released
native
oxidized
cello-oligosaccharides,
xylo-oligosaccharides
oligosaccharides
substrate,
but
its
cellulolytic/hemicellulolytic
became
weaker
contents
increase
alkaline-extracted
substrates.
dual
enables
to
possess
profound
boosting
effect
hydrolysis
by
cellulolytic
enzymes.
Structure
modelling
revealed
that
it
exhibits
relatively
flat
active-site
surface
similar
surfaces
AA9
quite
distinct
AA14B,
despite
is
strongly
clustered
together
LPMOs.
Remarkable
difference
electrostatic
potentials
L2
L3
also
observed
among
TrAA14A,
AA14B
Nc
LPMO9F.
We
speculated
unique
feature
substrate-binding
might
contribute
AA14A.
Conclusions
extensive
indicated
distinctively
different
previously
xylan-active
or
may
play
bifunctional
enzyme
decompose
some
specific
network
structures
formed
between
hemicellulose
plant
cell
walls.
Our
findings
shed
new
insights
into
specificities
biological
functionalities
LPMOs,
will
developing
booster
commercial
cellulase
cocktails
efficiently
break
down
hemicellulose-cellulose
matrix
lignocellulose.
Biofuels,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown, С. 1 - 20
Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2024
The
sustained
increase
in
global
energy
needs
and
environmental
impacts
from
greenhouse
gases
emitted
by
burning
non-renewable
fuels
has
led
to
a
focus
on
developing
renewable
sources.
Bioethanol
can
meet
future
demands
of
nations.
Lignocellulosic
feedstock
algal
biomass
are
considered
effective
sources
substrates
for
converting
fermentable
sugars
into
ethanol.
structural
configuration
lignin-based
cellulosic
is
modified
using
integrated
pretreatment
technologies,
including
physiochemical
biological
methods.
hydrolysis
cellulose
with
cellulase
enzymes
consists
adsorption
the
surface,
disintegration
polymers
simple
sugar
compounds,
desorption
cellulase.
Soybean
straw
fermented
Thermoanaerobacterium
aotearoense
at
55
°C
15
g/L
total
provided
0.34
g/g
ethanol
yield.
Rice
hydrolyzed
30
°C,
74
h,
pH
4.5
yielded
0.44
macroalgae
species
Ulva
rigida
solid-state
fermentation
Saccharomyces
cerevisiae
37
5,
3
h
330
mg/g
glucose.
microalga
Chlorella
vulgaris
45
6,
48
amylases
3.8
Different
processes
reduced
include
submerged,
solid-state,
very
high-gravity
fermentation.
Journal of Fungi,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
9(1), С. 43 - 43
Опубликована: Дек. 28, 2022
In
this
work,
the
wormwood
rod
residues
are
pretreated
with
white
rot
fungi
as
precursor
to
preparing
porous
carbon
following
a
simple
carbonization
and
activation
process
(denoted
herein
FWRA
sample).
The
sample
possesses
abundant
hierarchical
pores
structure
high
specific
surface
area
(1165.7
m2
g-1)
large
pore
volume
(1.02
cm3
g-1).
As
an
electrode
for
supercapacitors,
offers
capacitance
of
443.2
F
g-1
at
0.5
A
superb
rate
ability
holding
270
100
in
6
M
KOH
electrolyte.
corresponding
symmetrical
capacitor
has
cyclic
stability
low
decay
0.4%
after
20,000
cycles
5
1
Na2SO4
Moreover,
measurements
revealed
that
when
used
adsorbent,
is
ideal
removing
methyl
orange
(MO)
from
water,
exhibiting
superior
adsorption
260.8
mg
g-1.
Therefore,
study
expected
provide
environmentally
friendly
technique
generation
value-added
functional
materials
Chinese
medicinal
herbal
residues,
thus
offering
promising
candidates
broad
application
areas.
The
primary
contributor
to
global
warming
has
been
the
careless
usage
of
fossil
fuels.
Urbanization's
threat
depletion
these
resources
made
it
necessary
find
alternatives
due
rising
demand.
Four
different
forms
biofuels
are
now
available
and
constitute
a
possible
replacement
for
first
generation
is
generated
from
edible
portion
biomass,
second
non-edible
third
algal
fourth
using
molecular
biology
improve
strain.
Second
extremely
important
because
they
derived
such
as
agricultural
agro-industrial
wastes
rich
in
cellulose,
hemicellulose,
pectin,
starch
impregnated
with
lignin,
hydrolyzed
after
delignification
by
physio-chemical
or
biological
pretreatments
ligninases.
There
lot
research
on
their
production
chemical
enzymatic
hydrolysis,
but
not
economically
viable
comparison
formation
several
inhibitors
hydrolysis
high
cost
enzymes.
Furthermore,
need
multiple
enzymes
various
types
carbohydrates
feedstocks
makes
process
too
expensive.
This
article
examines
involved
bioethanol,
highly
acceptable
biofuel.
