Single-atom
catalysts
(SACs),
combining
the
advantages
of
multiphase
and
homogeneous
catalysis,
have
been
increasingly
investigated
in
various
catalytic
applications.
Carbon-based
SACs
attracted
much
attention
due
to
their
large
specific
surface
area,
high
porosity,
particular
electronic
structure,
excellent
stability.
As
a
cheap
readily
available
carbon
material,
biochar
has
begun
be
used
as
an
alternative
nanotubes,
graphene,
other
such
expensive
matrices
prepare
SACs.
However,
review
biochar-based
for
environmental
pollutant
removal
energy
conversion
storage
is
lacking.
This
focuses
on
strategies
synthesizing
SACs,
pre-treatment
organisms
with
metal
salts,
insertion
elements
into
biochar,
or
pyrolysis
metal-rich
biomass,
which
are
more
simplistic
ways
Meanwhile,
this
paper
attempts
1)
demonstrate
applications
remediation
based
advanced
oxidation
technology
electrocatalysis;
2)
reveal
mechanism
different
systems;
3)
discuss
stability
SACs;
4)
present
future
developments
challenges
regarding
Water Emerging Contaminants & Nanoplastics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
3(2)
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024
Carbon-based
adsorbents,
such
as
graphene,
graphene
oxide
(GO),
activated
carbon/biochar
(AC/BC),
carbon
nanotubes
(CNTs),
metal-modified
carbon,
and
fly
ash,
are
garnering
increasing
attention
due
to
their
exceptional
structural
properties,
enabling
potential
effectiveness
in
removing
microplastics
nano-plastics
(MPs/NPs)
from
aqueous
solutions.
A
key
attribute
contributing
the
efficacy
of
these
adsorbents
addressing
MPs/NPs
is
flexibly
tunable
surface
properties.
To
advance
applicability
functionalized
context
removal,
it
necessary
highlight
interactions
with
environments.
The
review
commences
by
outlining
main
adsorption
mechanisms.
Subsequently,
behavior
different
types
on
carbon-based
analyzed
how
factors
influence
performance
examined.
Finally,
concludes
offering
insights
into
prospective
avenues
for
future
research
concerning
functional
removal.
Abstract
Waste
activated
sludge
(WAS)
is
attracting
attention
for
its
energy
and
resource
potential.
Anaerobic
digestion
(AD)
can
be
used
to
efficiently
recover
resources
stabilize
pollutants
in
WAS,
with
biochar
emerging
as
an
ideal
additive
boost
this
process.
However,
the
low
abundance
of
surface
functional
groups
small
pore
structure
raw
may
limit
performance
AD
WAS.
These
limitations
overcome
by
using
biochar.
In
review,
preparation
modification
methods
role
WAS
are
systematically
summarized
discussed.
Notably,
electron
transfer,
buffering
effects,
microbial
immobilization,
alleviation
inhibitory
modulation
analyzed.
Additionally,
impacts
on
digestate
utilization,
pollutant
removal,
carbon
fixation
Special
given
ability
promote
circular
economy
neutrality.
Finally,
future
perspectives
use
presented.
The
aim
review
provide
insights
into
application
from
perspective
improvement,
economy.
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