Low levels of neutralizing antibodies against XBB Omicron subvariants after BA.5 infection DOI Creative Commons
H. J. Yang, Weiqi Hong, Lei Hong

и другие.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 8(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2023

Abstract The COVID-19 response strategies in Chinese mainland were recently adjusted due to the reduced pathogenicity and enhanced infectivity of Omicron subvariants. In Chengdu, China, an infection wave was predominantly induced by BA.5 subvariant. It is crucial determine whether hybrid anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity following infection, coupled with a variety immune background, sufficient shape responses against newly emerged subvariants, especially for XBB lineages. To investigate this, we collected serum nasal swab samples from 108 participants who had been infected this wave, evaluated neutralization pseudoviruses. Our results showed that convalescent sera individuals, regardless vaccination history, remarkably compromised capacities XBB.1.5 Although post-vaccination breakthrough slightly elevated plasma neutralizing antibodies part pseudoviruses, activities impaired Furthermore, analyzed impacts number vaccinations, age, sex on humoral cellular after infection. findings suggest lineages elicited current are remained at low levels, indicating urgent need development next-generation vaccines designed based sub-lineages other future variants.

Язык: Английский

Mucosal immune response in biology, disease prevention and treatment DOI Creative Commons
Xiaoxue Zhou, Yuchen Wu,

Zhipeng Zhu

и другие.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025

Abstract The mucosal immune system, as the most extensive peripheral network, serves frontline defense against a myriad of microbial and dietary antigens. It is crucial in preventing pathogen invasion establishing tolerance. A comprehensive understanding immunity essential for developing treatments that can effectively target diseases at their entry points, thereby minimizing overall impact on body. Despite its importance, our knowledge remains incomplete, necessitating further research. outbreak severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has underscored critical role disease prevention treatment. This systematic review focuses dynamic interactions between mucosa-associated lymphoid structures related diseases. We delve into basic functions these tissues during processes explore intricate regulatory networks mechanisms involved. Additionally, we summarize novel therapies clinical research advances immunity-related also addresses challenges vaccines, which aim to induce specific responses while maintaining tolerance non-pathogenic microbes. Innovative therapies, such nanoparticle vaccines inhalable antibodies, show promise enhancing offer potential improved

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

10
COVID-19 clinical presentation, management, and epidemiology: a concise compendium DOI Creative Commons
David P. Maison,

Hawi Tasissa,

Amelia N. Deitchman

и другие.

Frontiers in Public Health, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13

Опубликована: Янв. 31, 2025

Coronavirus Disease 2019, caused by severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2, has been an ever-evolving disease and pandemic, profoundly impacting clinical care, drug treatments, understanding. In response to this global health crisis, there unprecedented increase in research exploring new repurposed drugs advancing available interventions treatments. Given the widespread interest topic, review aims provide a current summary-for interested professionals not specializing COVID-19-of characteristics, recommended vaccines, prevention strategies, epidemiology of COVID-19. The also offers historical perspective on pandemic enhance

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
Expansion of cytotoxic tissue-resident CD8+ T cells and CCR6+CD161+ CD4+ T cells in the nasal mucosa following mRNA COVID-19 vaccination DOI Creative Commons
Aloysious Ssemaganda,

Huong Mai Nguyen,

Faisal Nuhu

и другие.

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 10, 2022

Abstract Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 have shown high efficacy in clinical trials, yet a full immunologic characterization of these vaccines, particularly within the human upper respiratory tract, is less well known. Here, we enumerate and phenotype T cells nasal mucosa blood using flow cytometry before after vaccination with Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine ( n = 21). Tissue-resident memory (Trm) CD8 + expressing CD69 CD103 increase number ~12 days following first second doses, by 0.31 0.43 log 10 per swab respectively p 0.058 0.009 adjusted linear mixed models). decrease post-vaccination. Similar increases − are observed, dose. CD4 co-expressing CCR6 CD161 also increased abundance both doses. Stimulation spike peptides elevates expression CD107a at 2- 6-months 0.0096) post dose, subset donors cytokines. These data suggest that may be induced contribute to protective immunity afforded this vaccine.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

68
The role of B cells in COVID-19 infection and vaccination DOI Creative Commons

Shiru Chen,

Fei Guan, Fabio Candotti

и другие.

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2022

B cells secrete antibodies and mediate the humoral immune response, making them extremely important in protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2, which caused coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In this review, we summarize positive function pathological response of SARS-CoV-2 infection re-infection. Then, structure responses that mediated peripheral tissues. Furthermore, discuss role during vaccination including effectiveness memory cells, viral evolution mechanisms, future vaccine development. This review might help medical workers researchers to have a better understanding interaction between broaden their vision for investigations.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

66
CoronaVac: A review of efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity of the inactivated vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 DOI Creative Commons
Lairun Jin,

Zhuopei Li,

Xiaoyin Zhang

и другие.

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 18(6)

Опубликована: Июль 25, 2022

CoronaVac, also known as the Sinovac inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, has been widely implemented in combating COVID-19 pandemic. We summarized results of clinical trials and real-world studies CoronaVac this review. The overall efficacy for prevention symptomatic (before emergence variants concern) using two doses 3 μg was 67.7% (95% CI, 35.9% to 83.7%). Effectiveness preventing hospitalizations, ICU admissions, deaths more prominent than that COVID-19. A third dose inherited effectiveness against non-variants concern increased severe outcomes caused by omicron compared doses. Most adverse reactions were mild. Few vaccine-related serious have reported. Moreover, three-dose regimen significantly seroconversion levels neutralizing antibodies two-dose regimen. This review may provide a scientific basis optimizing global immunization strategies.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

64
Trained immunity is induced in humans after immunization with an adenoviral vector COVID-19 vaccine DOI Creative Commons
Dearbhla M Murphy, Donal J Cox, Sarah A. Connolly

и другие.

Journal of Clinical Investigation, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 133(2)

Опубликована: Окт. 25, 2022

Background. Heterologous effects of vaccines are mediated by "trained immunity," whereby myeloid cells metabolically and epigenetically reprogrammed, resulting in heightened responses to subsequent insults. Adenovirus vaccine vector has been reported induce trained immunity mice. Therefore, we sought determine whether the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222), which uses an adenoviral vector, could vivo humans.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

62
Dealing with a mucosal viral pandemic: lessons from COVID-19 vaccines DOI Creative Commons
Violette Mouro, Alain Fischer

Mucosal Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 15(4), С. 584 - 594

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022

The development and deployment of vaccines against COVID-19 demonstrated major successes in providing immunity preventing severe disease death. Yet SARS-CoV-2 evolves vaccine-induced protection wanes, meaning progress vaccination strategies is upmost importance. New directed at emerging viral strains are being developed while schemes with booster doses combinations different platform-based tested trials real-world settings. Despite these diverse approaches, only delivered intramuscularly, whereas the nasal mucosa primary site infection SARS-CoV-2. Preclinical mucosal intranasal or oral administration demonstrate promising results regarding IgA generation tissue-resident lymphocyte responses By mounting an improved local humoral cell-mediated response, could be a safe effective way to prevent infection, block transmission contribute reduce spread. However, questions limitations remain: how effectively reproducibly will penetrate barriers? Will provide sustained infection?

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

53
Mechanisms and challenges of nanocarriers as non-viral vectors of therapeutic genes for enhanced pulmonary delivery DOI
Hezhi Wang, Qin Lu, Xin Zhang

и другие.

Journal of Controlled Release, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 352, С. 970 - 993

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2022

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

52
Airway-resident T cells from unexposed individuals cross-recognize SARS-CoV-2 DOI Creative Commons
Mariana O. Diniz, Elena Mitsi, Leo Swadling

и другие.

Nature Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(9), С. 1324 - 1329

Опубликована: Авг. 29, 2022

T cells can contribute to clearance of respiratory viruses that cause acute-resolving infections such as SARS-CoV-2, helping provide long-lived protection against disease. Recent studies have suggested an additional role for in resisting overt infection: pre-existing cross-reactive responses were preferentially enriched healthcare workers who had abortive infections1, and household contacts protected from infection2. We hypothesize early viral control would require memory already resident at the site infection; airway-resident been shown be critical mediating after intranasal vaccination a murine model SARS-CoV3. Bronchoalveolar lavage samples lower tract healthy donors obtained before COVID-19 pandemic revealed airway-resident, SARS-CoV-2-cross-reactive cells, which correlated with strength human seasonal coronavirus immunity. therefore demonstrate potential harness functional SARS-CoV-2-reactive next-generation mucosal vaccines.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

43
Safety and efficacy of the intranasal spray SARS-CoV-2 vaccine dNS1-RBD: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial DOI Creative Commons
Fengcai Zhu, Shoujie Huang, Xiaohui Liu

и другие.

The Lancet Respiratory Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(12), С. 1075 - 1088

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2023

The live-attenuated influenza virus vector-based intranasal SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (dNS1-RBD, Pneucolin; Beijing Wantai Biological Pharmacy Enterprise, Beijing, China) confers long-lasting and broad protection in animal models is, to our knowledge, the first COVID-19 mucosal enter into human trials, but its efficacy is still unknown. We aimed assess safety (but not immunogenicity) of dNS1-RBD against COVID-19.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

43