Frontiers in Food Science and Technology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
4
Опубликована: Ноя. 5, 2024
Diet
shapes
the
gut
microbiome,
which
in
turn
influences
host
phenotype.
Accordingly,
there
is
much
interest
leveraging
diet
to
modulate
microbial
communities
and
biology.
However,
recent
approaches
have
not
fully
appreciated
that
hosts
microbes
experience
differently.
Whether
dietary
nutrients
reach
microbiota,
primarily
resides
colon
humans
other
hindgut
fermenters,
depends
on
nutrient
absorption
small
intestine.
That
utilize
fraction
of
escapes
host-driven
digestion
creates
a
paradigm
where
status
decoupled
from,
often
negatively
correlated
with,
microbiota
status.
Here,
we
present
framework
based
this
concept
(DNS),
can
be
used
understand
distinct
phenotypes
are
ultimately
mediated
by
intestinal
digestibility
diet.
We
evaluate
our
against
existing
research
employing
diets
varying
demonstrate
convergence
signatures
across
studies.
Further,
highlight
predicted
DNS
manifest
most
strongly
living
industrialized
lifestyles
captive
animals
habitually
consume
with
high
digestibility.
posit
evolutionary
decoupling
nutritional
between
their
has
likely
been
especially
pronounced
due
intensified
pursuit
calorie-rich,
easy-to-digest
diets.
conclude
proposing
future
directions
better
capture
as
it
appears
microbes,
perspective
deliver
new
understanding
diet-microbiome
interactions.
Cell,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
187(16), С. 4129 - 4143
Опубликована: Июль 26, 2024
Obesity
causes
significant
morbidity
and
mortality
globally.
Research
in
the
last
three
decades
has
delivered
a
step-change
our
understanding
of
fundamental
mechanisms
that
regulate
energy
homeostasis,
building
on
foundational
discoveries
mouse
models
metabolic
disease.
However,
not
all
findings
made
rodents
have
translated
to
humans,
hampering
drug
discovery
this
field.
Here,
we
review
how
studies
mice
humans
informed
current
framework
for
discuss
their
challenges
limitations,
offer
perspective
human
may
play
an
increasingly
important
role
disease
identification
therapeutic
targets
future.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025
Plant-based
foods
with
low
methionine
contents
have
gained
increasing
interest
for
their
potential
health
benefits,
including
neuroprotective
effects.
Methionine
restriction
(MR)
linked
to
a
plant-based
diet
has
been
shown
mitigate
neurodegenerative
diseases
such
as
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
through
mechanisms
that
involve
the
gut
microbiota.
In
this
study,
16-week
MR
(0.17%
methionine,
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2025
Abstract
Background.
Preclinical
literature
and
behavioral
human
data
suggest
that
diet
profoundly
impacts
the
gut
microbiome
energy
absorption—a
key
determinant
of
balance.
To
determine
whether
these
associations
are
causal,
domiciled
controlled
feeding
studies
with
precise
measurements
dietary
intake
balance
needed.
Metabolomics—a
functional
readout
modulation—can
help
identify
putative
mechanisms
mediating
effects.
We
previously
demonstrated
a
high-fiber,
minimally
processed
Microbiome
Enhancer
Diet
(MBD)
fed
at
decreased
absorption
increased
microbial
biomass
relative
to
calorie-matched
fiber-poor,
highly
Western
(WD).
Objective.
metabolic
signatures
distinguishing
MBD
from
WD
potential
metabolomic
MBD-induced
negative
Methods.
deployed
global
metabolomics
in
feces,
serum,
urine
using
samples
collected
end
randomized
crossover
trial
delivering
22
days
an
17
persons
without
obesity.
Samples
were
while
participants
on
ward
analyzed
Ultrahigh
Performance
Liquid
Chromatography-Tandem
Mass
Spectroscopy.
Linear
mixed
effects
models
tested
metabolite
changes
by
diet.
Weighted
gene
network
correlation
analysis
identified
modules
correlated
phenotypes.
Results.
Numerous
metabolites
consistently
altered
fasting
and/or
may
serve
as
biomarkers
feeding.
Fecal
diet-microbiota
co-metabolites
reduced
biomass.
An
shifted
urinary
metabolome
sugar
degradation
ketogenesis—evidence
Conclusions.
Precisely
diets
disparate
microbiota-accessible
substrates
led
distinct
urine.
These
be
“fed”
or
“starved”
(WD)
microbiota
associated
findings
lay
foundation
for
unveiling
causal
pathways
linking
co-metabolism
absorption.
Animals,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
15(4), С. 528 - 528
Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2025
Experiments
were
designed
to
investigate
the
effect
of
extrusion
on
available
energy
and
nutrient
digestibility
wheat,
further
evaluate
effects
incorporating
extruded
wheat
into
diet
growth
performance,
diarrhea
rates,
health
status,
fecal
microbiota
weaned
piglets.
In
Exp.
1,
twelve
crossbred
barrows,
with
an
initial
body
weight
(BW)
12.0
±
0.73
kg,
randomly
assigned
two
treatment
groups
(wheat
wheat)
determine
digestible
(DE)
metabolizable
(ME).
Additionally,
nine
barrows
(initial
BW,
13.73
0.59
kg)
fitted
ileal
cannulas,
arranged
in
a
9
×
2
Youden
square
design,
including
three
diets
(N-free
diet,
wheat),
aiming
measure
standard
amino
acids
(AAs).
2,
96
pigs
8.58
0.52
divided
treatments
(CON
35%
based
each
having
six
pens,
pen
containing
four
boars
sows.
The
results
indicated
that
significantly
increased
DE
ME
most
AAs
(p
<
0.05).
Incorporating
did
not
affect
digestibility,
or
status
piglets
>
However,
it
tended
enhance
α-diversity
=
0.07)
relative
abundance
beneficial
bacteria
conclusion,
feeding
value
inclusion
microbes
feces.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2025
Fresh
vegetables
harbor
diverse
microorganisms
on
leaf
surfaces,
yet
their
viral
communities
remain
unexplored.
We
investigate
the
diversity
and
ecology
of
phyllosphere
viromes
six
leafy
green
using
virus-like
particle
(VLP)
enrichment
shotgun
metagenome
sequencing.
On
average,
9.2
×
107
viruses
are
present
per
gram
tissue.
The
majority
(93.1
±
6.2%)
these
taxonomically
unclassified.
Virome
compositions
distinct
among
vegetable
types
exhibit
temporal
variations.
Virulent
phages
with
replication-enhancing
auxiliary
metabolic
genes
(AMGs)
more
dominant
than
temperate
host
fitness-benefiting
AMGs.
Analysis
1498
human
fecal
VLP
metagenomes
reveals
that
approximately
10%
in
gut
virome,
including
commonly
observed
multiple
studies.
These
gut-associated
enriched
short-term
intake,
depleted
individuals
immunologic
disorders.
Overall,
this
study
elucidates
ecological
contribution
fresh
virome
to
diversity.
