Seagrass arabinogalactan-proteins: Are they important for adaptation to the marine environment?

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2025

Abstract During the late cretaceous period several lineages of angiosperm plants transitioned from land to sea by successfully adapting life in salt water, forming polyphyletic group seagrasses. Today, four seagrass families inhabit coastal systems and are deeply intertwined with health welfare these ecosystems. Adaptation ocean environment included changes composition plant cell walls associated glycoproteins. We have asked question whether or not there is a convergent similar arabinogalactan-protein glycan repertoire all seagrasses, given initial findings arabinogalactan-proteins unique features well-studied eelgrass, Zostera marina . isolated characterized seven species covering major using carbohydrate analysis immunoassays, along bioinformatic search for relevant gene pathways newly published genomes transcriptomes. Glycan parts shared high proportion 1,4-linked glucuronic acids terminal 4- O -methyl acid residues. Trait-based dendrograms generated inform phylogenetic-relatedness showed was no phylogenetic signal among features. Transcriptomic datasets Cymodocea nodosa Thalassia hemprichii growing under hypersaline conditions an upregulation enzymes involved 4 -methylation transfer. therefore conclude that environmental factors, especially salinity higher monovalent ion concentration, influence structure more intensely than history.

Язык: Английский

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Vanadium-Dependent Haloperoxidase Gene Evolution in Brown Algae: Evidence for Horizontal Gene Transfer

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(2), С. 716 - 716

Опубликована: Янв. 16, 2025

Compared with green plants, brown algae are characterized by their ability to accumulate iodine, contributing ecological adaptability in high-iodide coastal environments. Vanadium-dependent haloperoxidase (V-HPO) is the key enzyme for iodine synthesis. Despite its significance, evolutionary origin of V-HPO genes remains underexplored. This study investigates genomic and dynamics V-HPOs algae, focusing on Laminariales species, particularly Saccharina japonica. Genomic analyses revealed extensive expansion gene family 88 identified S. japonica, surpassing number red algae. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated distinct divergence between algal V-HPOs, clade closely related bacterial V-HPOs. These findings suggest horizontal transfer (HGT) played a role acquiring genes, from Acidobacteriota, phylum known plasticity. Additionally, enriched active transposable elements were around clusters, highlighting tandem duplications rapid HGT processes. Expression profiling further dynamic regulation response environmental conditions. provides new insights into how has driven kelp adaptations enhances understanding marine success

Язык: Английский

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Mechanisms underlining Kelp (Saccharina japonica) adaptation to relative high seawater temperature

BMC Genomics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2025

Saccharina japonica has been cultivated in China for almost a century. From Dalian to Fujian, the lowest and highest seawater temperatures period of cultivation increased by 14℃ 8℃, respectively. Its adaptation elevated temperature is an example securing natural habitats species. To decipher mechanisms underlining S. relative high temperature, we assembled ~ 516.3 Mb female gametophyte genome 540.3 male, The gametophytes isolated from southern kelp cultivars acclimated transforming amino acids, glycosylating protein, maintaining osmotic pressure, intensifying innate immune system, exhausting energy reduction power through PEP-pyruvate-oxaloacetate node iodine cycle. They adapted changing sugar metabolism system. sex was determined HMG-sex, around this male determiner stress tolerant genes become linked or associated with.

Язык: Английский

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Multiple, diverse endogenous giant virus elements within the genome of a brown alga

Virus Evolution, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Abstract Endogenous viral elements (EVEs) have been found in diverse eukaryotic genomes. These are particularly frequent the genomes of brown algae (Phaeophyceae) because these seaweeds infected by viruses (Phaeovirus) phylum Nucleocytoviricota (NCV) that capable inserting into their host’s genome as part infective cycle. A search for inserted sequences freshwater alga Porterinema fluviatile identified seven large EVEs, including four complete or near-complete proviruses. The which all appear to derived from independent insertion events, correspond phylogenetically members Phaeovirus genus and include both B subgroups this genus. This latter observation is surprising two were thought different evolutionary strategies therefore not expected be same host. EVEs contain a number novel genes H4 histone-like sequence but only one possesses full set NCV core genes, indicating other six probably nonfunctional, degenerated majority within transcriptionally silent most small showed some transcriptional activity unknown function. However, existence active several containing introns suggests may undergoing degree endogenization host over time.

Язык: Английский

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Metabolic and sensory profiling of edible seaweeds: Unraveling the biochemical basis of taste profile complexity

Food Research International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 116447 - 116447

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Cytosine Methylation is a marker of Viral Gene Transfer across the eukaryotes

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2025

Abstract Cytosine DNA methylation patterns vary widely across eukaryotes, with its ancestral roles being understood to have included both transposable element silencing and host gene regulation. To further explore these claims, in this study, we reevaluate the evolutionary origins of methyltransferases characterise cytosine on underexplored lineages, including amoebozoan Acanthamoeba castellanii , glaucophyte Cyanophora paradoxa heterolobosean Naegleria gruberi . Our analysis methyltransferase evolution reveals a rich eukaryotic repertoire, several lineages likely subsequently acquiring enzymes through lateral transfer (LGT). In three species examined, is enriched young elements silenced genes, suggesting an repressive function, without transcription-linked body plants animals. Notably, closest homologues many silenced, methylated genes diverse eukaryotes belong viruses, giant viruses. Given widespread occurrence pattern groups, propose that was mechanism originally acquired from bacterial donors which used mitigate expression viral elements, function may persist creating permissive atmosphere for LGT lineages. These findings highlight importance epigenetic information annotate genomes, as it helps delimit potentially adaptive LGTs parasitic elements.

Язык: Английский

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Turning the Tide: A 2°C Increase in Heat Tolerance Can Halve Climate Change‐Induced Losses in Four Cold‐Adapted Kelp Species

Ecology and Evolution, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Kelp forests are susceptible to climate change, as their sessile nature and low dispersal capacity hinder tracking of suitable conditions. The emergence a wide array approaches increasing thermal tolerance seeks change the outlook biodiversity in changing but lacks clear targets impactful resilience. Here, we utilize species distribution models (SDMs) evaluate potential enhanced buffer effects on cold‐adapted kelp species: Saccharina latissima , Alaria esculenta Laminaria hyperborea digitata . For each species, compared baseline model—where niche remained unchanged—to where simulated maximum sea surface temperature was increased by 1°C–5°C. These were projected into three scenarios: sustainability (Shared Socioeconomic Pathway (SSP) 1‐1.9, Paris Agreement), regional rivalry (SSP3‐7.0), fossil‐fuel development (SSP 5‐8.5). Our SDMs demonstrate that an increase 1°C–2°C could recover over 50% predicted losses habitat for kelps. However, A. esculenta, growing commercial interest, still faced persistent contraction across all scenarios increases, including up 15% unrecovered under SSP5‐8.5, even with 5°C tolerance. findings highlight need two‐pronged approach conserve forests: stringent reductions greenhouse gas emission line SSP1‐1.9 scenario, strategies boost kelp's at least 1°C–2°C. This dual is crucial maintain 90% current S. L. 70% Relying mitigation or adaptation alone will likely be insufficient historic range change.

Язык: Английский

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Brown Algae: Uncovering the Secrets of Evolutionary Genomics and Multicellularity

Frontiers in Bioscience-Landmark, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 30(4)

Опубликована: Апрель 22, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Infection signatures of multiple Nucleocytoviricota virus lineages in the brown algae Undaria pinnatifida revealed by population-wide genome analysis

Journal of Applied Phycology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 3, 2025

Язык: Английский

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