Journal of Medical Virology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
94(3), С. 847 - 857
Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2021
Abstract
During
the
COVID‐19
pandemic,
genetic
variants
of
SARS‐CoV‐2
have
been
emerging
and
spreading
around
world.
Several
endemic
were
found
in
United
Kingdom,
South
Africa,
Japan,
India
between
2020
April
2021.
Studies
shown
that
many
are
more
infectious
than
early
wild
strain
produce
immune
escape.
These
brought
new
challenges
to
prevention
control
COVID‐19.
This
review
summarizes
analyzes
biological
characteristics
different
amino
acid
mutations
epidemic
escape
variants.
We
hope
provide
scientific
reference
for
monitoring,
prevention,
measures
development
strategy
second‐generation
vaccine.
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
12(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 26, 2021
Several
effective
SARS-CoV-2
vaccines
are
currently
in
use,
but
boosters
needed
to
maintain
or
increase
immunity
due
waning
responses
and
the
emergence
of
novel
variants.
Here
we
report
that
intranasal
vaccinations
with
adenovirus
5
19a
vectored
following
a
systemic
plasmid
DNA
mRNA
priming
result
mucosal
mice.
In
contrast
two
intramuscular
applications
an
vaccine,
boosts
adenoviral
vectors
induce
high
levels
IgA
lung-resident
memory
T
cells
(TRM);
neutralization
virus
variants
concern
is
also
enhanced.
The
prime
provokes
comprehensive
cell
response
consisting
circulating
lung
TRM
after
boost,
while
induces
mostly
cells.
Concomitantly,
boost
strategies
lead
complete
protection
against
infection
Our
data
thus
suggest
booster
immunizations
promising
approach
establish
addition
responses.
Viruses,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
13(7), С. 1192 - 1192
Опубликована: Июнь 22, 2021
Despite
the
slow
evolutionary
rate
of
SARS-CoV-2
relative
to
other
RNA
viruses,
its
massive
and
rapid
transmission
during
COVID-19
pandemic
has
enabled
it
acquire
significant
genetic
diversity
since
first
entered
human
population.
This
led
emergence
numerous
variants,
some
them
recently
being
labeled
“variants
concern”
(VOC),
due
their
potential
impact
on
transmission,
morbidity/mortality,
evasion
neutralization
by
antibodies
elicited
infection,
vaccination,
or
therapeutic
application.
The
evade
is
result
target
epitopes
generated
accumulation
mutations
in
spike
protein.
While
three
globally
recognized
VOCs
(Alpha
B.1.1.7,
Beta
B.1.351,
Gamma
P.1)
remain
sensitive
albeit
at
reduced
levels
sera
convalescent
individuals
recipients
several
anti-COVID19
vaccines,
effect
variability
much
more
evident
capacity
monoclonal
antibodies.
newly
VOC
Delta
lineage
B.1.617.2,
as
well
locally
accepted
(Epsilon
B.1.427/29-US
B1.1.7
with
E484K-UK)
are
indicating
necessity
close
monitoring
new
variants
a
global
level.
characteristics,
mutational
patterns,
role
play
immune
summarized
this
review.
Vaccines,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
9(10), С. 1195 - 1195
Опубликована: Окт. 18, 2021
The
widespread
increase
in
multiple
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus-2
(SARS-CoV-2)
variants
is
causing
a
significant
health
concern
the
United
States
and
worldwide.
These
exhibit
increased
transmissibility,
cause
more
disease,
evasive
immune
properties,
impair
neutralization
by
antibodies
from
vaccinated
individuals
or
convalescence
sera,
reinfection.
Centers
for
Disease
Control
Prevention
(CDC)
has
classified
SARS-CoV-2
into
of
interest,
concern,
high
consequence.
Currently,
four
(B.1.1.7,
B.1.351,
P.1,
B.1.617.2)
several
interests
(B.1.526,
B.1.525,
P.2)
are
characterized
essential
close
monitoring.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
different
variants,
emphasizing
circulating
world
highlight
various
mutations
how
these
affect
characteristics
virus.
addition,
most
common
vaccines
studies
concerning
efficacy
against
concern.
EBioMedicine,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
75, С. 103761 - 103761
Опубликована: Дек. 17, 2021
BackgroundHeterologous
COVID-19
vaccination
regimens
combining
vector-
and
mRNA-based
vaccines
are
already
administered,
but
data
on
solicited
adverse
reactions,
immunological
responses
elicited
protection
limited.MethodsTo
evaluate
the
reactogenicity
humoral
as
well
cellular
immune
towards
most
prevalent
SARS-CoV-2
variants
after
a
heterologous
ChAdOx1
nCoV-19
BNT162b2
prime-boost
vaccination,
we
analysed
cohort
of
26
clinic
employees
aged
25-46
(median
30.5)
years
who
received
prime
followed
by
boost
an
8-week
interval.
Serological
were
compared
to
which
homologous
with
3-week
interval
(14
individuals
25-65,
median
42).FindingsSelf-reported
symptoms
in
line
previous
reports
more
severe
than
boost.
Antibody
titres
increased
significantly
over
time
resulting
strong
neutralization
two
weeks
subsequently
slightly
decreased
course
17
weeks.
At
latest
point
measured,
all
sera
retained
neutralizing
activity
against
currently
dominant
Delta
(B.1.617.2)
variant.
Two
post
boost,
Alpha
(B.1.1.7)
immune-evading
Beta
(B.1.351)
variant
was
∼4-fold
higher
receiving
vaccination.
No
difference
observed
Kappa
(B.1.617.1).
In
addition,
induced
CD4+
CD8+
T
cells
reactive
spike
peptides
variants;
Wuhan-Hu-1,
Alpha,
Beta,
Gamma
(P.1),
Delta.InterpretationIn
conclusion,
/
is
not
associated
serious
events
induces
potent
responses.
The
Delta,
potently
neutralized
from
participants
recognize
tested
variants.
These
results
suggest
that
this
regimen
at
least
immunogenic
protective
vaccinations
also
offers
current
concern.FundingThis
project
has
funding
European
Union's
Horizon
2020
research
innovation
programme,
German
Research
Foundation,
BMBF,
Robert
Koch
Institute
(RKI),
Baden-Württemberg
Stiftung,
county
Lower
Saxony,
Ministry
for
Science,
Arts
Baden-Württemberg,
Germany,
National
Institutes
Health.
Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
7(1)
Опубликована: Июнь 28, 2022
Abstract
The
persistent
COVID-19
pandemic
since
2020
has
brought
an
enormous
public
health
burden
to
the
global
society
and
is
accompanied
by
various
evolution
of
virus
genome.
consistently
emerging
SARS-CoV-2
variants
harboring
critical
mutations
impact
molecular
characteristics
viral
proteins
display
heterogeneous
behaviors
in
immune
evasion,
transmissibility,
clinical
manifestation
during
infection,
which
differ
each
strain
endow
them
with
distinguished
features
populational
spread.
Several
variants,
identified
as
Variants
Concern
(VOC)
World
Health
Organization,
challenged
efforts
on
control
due
rapid
worldwide
spread
enhanced
evasion
from
current
antibodies
vaccines.
Moreover,
recent
Omicron
variant
even
exacerbated
anxiety
continuous
pandemic.
Its
significant
medical
treatment
disease
highlights
necessity
combinatory
investigation
mutational
pattern
influence
dynamics
against
immunity,
would
greatly
facilitate
drug
vaccine
development
benefit
policymaking.
Hence
this
review,
we
summarized
characteristics,
impacts
focused
parallel
comparison
different
profile,
transmissibility
tropism
alteration,
effectiveness,
manifestations,
order
provide
a
comprehensive
landscape
for
research.
Vaccines,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
9(7), С. 779 - 779
Опубликована: Июль 12, 2021
Since
the
beginning
of
2021
year,
all
main
six
vaccines
against
COVID-19
have
been
used
in
mass
vaccination
companies
around
world.
Virus
neutralization
and
epidemiological
efficacy
drop
obtained
for
several
B.1.1.7,
B.1.351
P.1,
B.1.617
genotypes
are
concern.
There
is
a
growing
number
reports
on
mutations
receptor-binding
domain
(RBD)
increasing
transmissibility
virus
escaping
neutralizing
effect
antibodies.
The
Sputnik
V
vaccine
currently
approved
use
more
than
66
countries
but
its
activity
variants
concern
(VOC)
not
extensively
studied
yet.
Virus-neutralizing
(VNA)
sera
from
people
vaccinated
with
relation
to
internationally
relevant
genetic
lineages
B.1.351,
B.1.617.2,
B.1.617.3
Moscow
endemic
B.1.1.141
(T385I)
B.1.1.317
(S477N,
A522S)
RBD
has
assessed.
data
indicate
no
significant
differences
VNA
local
(T385I),
mutations.
For
B.1.617.2
statistically
3.1-,
2.8-,
2.5-fold,
respectively,
reduction
was
observed.
Notably,
this
decrease
lower
that
reported
publications
other
vaccines.
However,
direct
comparative
study
necessary
conclusion.
Thus,
"Sputnik
V"-vaccinated
retain
VOC
as
well
circulating
Moscow.
Viruses,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
13(6), С. 1002 - 1002
Опубликована: Май 27, 2021
The
high
sequence
identity
of
the
first
SARS-CoV-2
samples
collected
in
December
2019
at
Wuhan
did
not
foretell
emergence
novel
variants
United
Kingdom,
North
and
South
America,
India,
or
Africa
that
drive
current
waves
pandemic.
viral
spike
receptor
possesses
two
surface
areas
mutagenic
plasticity:
supersite
its
N-terminal
domain
(NTD)
is
recognised
by
all
anti-NTD
antibodies
binding
(RBD)
where
17
residues
make
contact
with
human
Ace2
protein
(angiotensin
I
converting
enzyme
2)
many
neutralising
bind.
While
NTD
mutations
appear
glance
very
diverse,
they
converge
on
structure
supersite.
within
RBD,
other
hand,
hone
only
a
small
number
key
sites
(K417,
L452,
E484,
N501)
are
allosteric
control
points
enabling
to
escape
while
maintaining
even
gaining
Ace2-binding
activity.
D614G
mutation
hallmark
variants,
as
it
promotes
spread
increasing
open
protomers
homo-trimeric
complex.
This
review
discusses
recent
well
their
evolution.
Seminars in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
55, С. 101533 - 101533
Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2021
Responsible
for
more
than
4.9
million
deaths
so
far,
COVID-19,
caused
by
SARS-CoV-2,
is
instigating
devastating
effects
on
the
global
health
care
system
whose
impacts
could
be
longer
years
to
come.
Acquiring
a
comprehensive
knowledge
of
host-virus
interaction
critical
designing
effective
vaccines
and/or
drugs.
Understanding
evolution
virus
and
impact
genetic
variability
host
immune
evasion
vaccine
efficacy
helpful
design
novel
strategies
minimize
emerging
variants
concern
(VOC).
Most
under
development
in
current
use
target
spike
protein
owning
its
unique
function
receptor
binding,
relatively
conserved
nature,
potent
immunogenicity
inducing
neutralizing
antibodies,
being
good
T
cell
responses.
However,
SARS-CoV-2
strains
are
exhibiting
which
affect
antibody-based
therapies
addition
enhancing
viral
mechanisms.
Currently,
degree
mutations
immunity
vaccination,
ability
confer
protection
against
attracts
much
attention.
This
review
discusses
implications
vaccine-induced
forward
directions
contribute
future
studies
focusing
immunotherapies
consider
evolution.
Combining
derived
from
different
regions
that
boost
both
humoral
cellular
wings
adaptive
best
options
cope
with
VOC.
Global Health Research and Policy,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
7(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2022
With
the
continuation
of
COVID-19
pandemic,
some
patients
have
become
reinfected
with
virus.
Viral
gene
sequencing
has
found
that
these
were
by
different
and
others
same
strains.
This
raised
concerns
about
effectiveness
immunity
after
infection
reliability
vaccines.
To
this
end,
we
conducted
a
systematic
review
to
assess
characteristics
reinfection
possible
causes.