SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant infection elicits potent lineage-specific and cross-reactive antibodies

Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 375(6582), С. 782 - 787

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2022

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Beta variant of concern (VOC) resists neutralization by major classes antibodies from COVID-19 patients and vaccinated individuals. In this study, serum Beta-infected revealed reduced cross-neutralization wild-type virus. From these patients, we isolated Beta-specific cross-reactive receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibodies. The Beta-specificity results recruitment VOC-specific clonotypes accommodation mutations present in Omicron into a antibody class that is normally sensitive to mutations. Beta-elicited share genetic structural features with wild type-elicited antibodies, including public VH1-58 clonotype targets the RBD ridge. These findings advance our understanding response SARS-CoV-2 shaped antigenic drift, implications for design next-generation vaccines therapeutics.

Язык: Английский

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Development of therapeutic antibodies for the treatment of diseases

Molecular Biomedicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 3(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2022

Abstract Since the first monoclonal antibody drug, muromonab-CD3, was approved for marketing in 1986, 165 drugs have been or are under regulatory review worldwide. With approval of new treating a wide range diseases, including cancer and autoimmune metabolic disorders, therapeutic drug market has experienced explosive growth. Monoclonal antibodies sought after by many biopharmaceutical companies scientific research institutes due to their high specificity, strong targeting abilities, low toxicity, side effects, development success rate. The related industries markets growing rapidly, one most important areas field biology medicine. In recent years, great progress made key technologies theoretical innovations provided antibodies, antibody–drug conjugates, antibody-conjugated nuclides, bispecific nanobodies, other analogs. Additionally, can be combined with used fields create cross-fields, such as chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T), CAR-natural killer (CAR-NK), cell therapy. This summarizes latest that worldwide, well clinical on these approaches development, outlines discovery strategies emerged during hybridoma technology, phage display, preparation fully human from transgenic mice, single B-cell artificial intelligence-assisted discovery.

Язык: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 Variants Increase Kinetic Stability of Open Spike Conformations as an Evolutionary Strategy

mBio, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2022

SARS-CoV-2 surface S glycoprotein—the target of antibodies and vaccines—is responsible for binding to the cellular receptor hACE2. The interactions between hACE2 trigger structural rearrangements from closed open conformations prerequisite virus entry.

Язык: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 viral clearance and evolution varies by type and severity of immunodeficiency

Science Translational Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(731)

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024

Despite vaccination and antiviral therapies, immunocompromised individuals are at risk for prolonged severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, but the immune defects that predispose an individual to persistent disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain incompletely understood. In this study, we performed detailed viro-immunologic analyses of a prospective cohort participants with COVID-19. The median times nasal viral RNA culture clearance in immunosuppression due hematologic malignancy or transplant (S-HT) were 72 40 days, respectively, both which significantly longer than rates autoimmunity B cell deficiency (S-A), nonsevere immunodeficiency, nonimmunocompromised groups ( P < 0.01). Participants who severely had greater SARS-CoV-2 evolution higher developing resistance against therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Both S-HT S-A diminished SARS-CoV-2–specific humoral responses, whereas only group reduced T cell–mediated responses. This highlights varied COVID-19 across distinct immunosuppressive conditions suggests suppression responses results highest contributing infection.

Язык: Английский

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The global epidemic of SARS‐CoV‐2 variants and their mutational immune escape

Journal of Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 94(3), С. 847 - 857

Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2021

Abstract During the COVID‐19 pandemic, genetic variants of SARS‐CoV‐2 have been emerging and spreading around world. Several endemic were found in United Kingdom, South Africa, Japan, India between 2020 April 2021. Studies shown that many are more infectious than early wild strain produce immune escape. These brought new challenges to prevention control COVID‐19. This review summarizes analyzes biological characteristics different amino acid mutations epidemic escape variants. We hope provide scientific reference for monitoring, prevention, measures development strategy second‐generation vaccine.

Язык: Английский

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