Journal of Medical Virology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
94(3), С. 847 - 857
Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2021
Abstract
During
the
COVID‐19
pandemic,
genetic
variants
of
SARS‐CoV‐2
have
been
emerging
and
spreading
around
world.
Several
endemic
were
found
in
United
Kingdom,
South
Africa,
Japan,
India
between
2020
April
2021.
Studies
shown
that
many
are
more
infectious
than
early
wild
strain
produce
immune
escape.
These
brought
new
challenges
to
prevention
control
COVID‐19.
This
review
summarizes
analyzes
biological
characteristics
different
amino
acid
mutations
epidemic
escape
variants.
We
hope
provide
scientific
reference
for
monitoring,
prevention,
measures
development
strategy
second‐generation
vaccine.
Science,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
375(6582), С. 782 - 787
Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2022
Severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
Beta
variant
of
concern
(VOC)
resists
neutralization
by
major
classes
antibodies
from
COVID-19
patients
and
vaccinated
individuals.
In
this
study,
serum
Beta-infected
revealed
reduced
cross-neutralization
wild-type
virus.
From
these
patients,
we
isolated
Beta-specific
cross-reactive
receptor-binding
domain
(RBD)
antibodies.
The
Beta-specificity
results
recruitment
VOC-specific
clonotypes
accommodation
mutations
present
in
Omicron
into
a
antibody
class
that
is
normally
sensitive
to
mutations.
Beta-elicited
share
genetic
structural
features
with
wild
type-elicited
antibodies,
including
public
VH1-58
clonotype
targets
the
RBD
ridge.
These
findings
advance
our
understanding
response
SARS-CoV-2
shaped
antigenic
drift,
implications
for
design
next-generation
vaccines
therapeutics.
Molecular Biomedicine,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
3(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2022
Abstract
Since
the
first
monoclonal
antibody
drug,
muromonab-CD3,
was
approved
for
marketing
in
1986,
165
drugs
have
been
or
are
under
regulatory
review
worldwide.
With
approval
of
new
treating
a
wide
range
diseases,
including
cancer
and
autoimmune
metabolic
disorders,
therapeutic
drug
market
has
experienced
explosive
growth.
Monoclonal
antibodies
sought
after
by
many
biopharmaceutical
companies
scientific
research
institutes
due
to
their
high
specificity,
strong
targeting
abilities,
low
toxicity,
side
effects,
development
success
rate.
The
related
industries
markets
growing
rapidly,
one
most
important
areas
field
biology
medicine.
In
recent
years,
great
progress
made
key
technologies
theoretical
innovations
provided
antibodies,
antibody–drug
conjugates,
antibody-conjugated
nuclides,
bispecific
nanobodies,
other
analogs.
Additionally,
can
be
combined
with
used
fields
create
cross-fields,
such
as
chimeric
antigen
receptor
T
cells
(CAR-T),
CAR-natural
killer
(CAR-NK),
cell
therapy.
This
summarizes
latest
that
worldwide,
well
clinical
on
these
approaches
development,
outlines
discovery
strategies
emerged
during
hybridoma
technology,
phage
display,
preparation
fully
human
from
transgenic
mice,
single
B-cell
artificial
intelligence-assisted
discovery.
SARS-CoV-2
surface
S
glycoprotein—the
target
of
antibodies
and
vaccines—is
responsible
for
binding
to
the
cellular
receptor
hACE2.
The
interactions
between
hACE2
trigger
structural
rearrangements
from
closed
open
conformations
prerequisite
virus
entry.
Science Translational Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(731)
Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2024
Despite
vaccination
and
antiviral
therapies,
immunocompromised
individuals
are
at
risk
for
prolonged
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
infection,
but
the
immune
defects
that
predispose
an
individual
to
persistent
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
remain
incompletely
understood.
In
this
study,
we
performed
detailed
viro-immunologic
analyses
of
a
prospective
cohort
participants
with
COVID-19.
The
median
times
nasal
viral
RNA
culture
clearance
in
immunosuppression
due
hematologic
malignancy
or
transplant
(S-HT)
were
72
40
days,
respectively,
both
which
significantly
longer
than
rates
autoimmunity
B
cell
deficiency
(S-A),
nonsevere
immunodeficiency,
nonimmunocompromised
groups
(
P
<
0.01).
Participants
who
severely
had
greater
SARS-CoV-2
evolution
higher
developing
resistance
against
therapeutic
monoclonal
antibodies.
Both
S-HT
S-A
diminished
SARS-CoV-2–specific
humoral
responses,
whereas
only
group
reduced
T
cell–mediated
responses.
This
highlights
varied
COVID-19
across
distinct
immunosuppressive
conditions
suggests
suppression
responses
results
highest
contributing
infection.
Journal of Medical Virology,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
94(3), С. 847 - 857
Опубликована: Окт. 7, 2021
Abstract
During
the
COVID‐19
pandemic,
genetic
variants
of
SARS‐CoV‐2
have
been
emerging
and
spreading
around
world.
Several
endemic
were
found
in
United
Kingdom,
South
Africa,
Japan,
India
between
2020
April
2021.
Studies
shown
that
many
are
more
infectious
than
early
wild
strain
produce
immune
escape.
These
brought
new
challenges
to
prevention
control
COVID‐19.
This
review
summarizes
analyzes
biological
characteristics
different
amino
acid
mutations
epidemic
escape
variants.
We
hope
provide
scientific
reference
for
monitoring,
prevention,
measures
development
strategy
second‐generation
vaccine.