Circular and unified analysis in network neuroscience

eLife, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12

Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2023

Genuinely new discovery transcends existing knowledge. Despite this, many analyses in systems neuroscience neglect to test speculative hypotheses against benchmark empirical facts. Some of these inadvertently use circular reasoning present knowledge as discovery. Here, I discuss that this problem can confound key results and estimate it has affected more than three thousand studies network over the last decade. suggest future reduce by limiting evidence, integrating into models, rigorously testing proposed discoveries models. conclude with a summary practical challenges recommendations.

Язык: Английский

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Decoupling Measurements and Processes: On the Epiphenomenon Debate Surrounding Brain Oscillations in Field Potentials

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2024

Various theories in neuroscience maintain that brain oscillations have an important role neuronal computation, but opposing views claim these macroscale dynamics are “exhaust fumes” of more relevant processes. Here, we argue the question whether epiphenomenal is ill-defined and cannot be productively resolved without further refinement. Toward end, outline a conceptual framework clarifies dispute along two axes: first, introduce distinction between measurement process to categorize theoretical status electrophysiology terms such as local field potentials oscillations. Second, consider relationships disambiguated terms, evaluating based on experimental computational evidence there exist causal or inferentially useful links them. This decomposes epiphenomenalism into set empirically tractable alternatives. Finally, demarcate conceptually distinct entity where either processes measurements exhibit periodic behavior, suggest oscillatory orchestrate neural computation by implementing temporal, spatial, frequency syntax. Overall, our reframed evaluation supports view electric fields—oscillating not—are causally relevant, their associated signals informative. More broadly, offer vocabulary starting point for scientific exchanges utility biological they capture.

Язык: Английский

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Processes and measurements: a framework for understanding neural oscillations in field potentials

Trends in Cognitive Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Excitatory-inhibitory homeostasis and bifurcation control in the Wilson-Cowan model of cortical dynamics

PLoS Computational Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 21(1), С. e1012723 - e1012723

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025

Although the primary function of excitatory-inhibitory (E-I) homeostasis is maintenance mean firing rates, conjugation multiple homeostatic mechanisms thought to be pivotal ensuring edge-of-bifurcation dynamics in cortical circuits. However, computational studies on E-I have focused solely plasticity inhibition, neglecting impact different modes dynamics. Therefore, we investigate how diverse employed by networks shape oscillations and Using Wilson-Cowan model, explore distinct maintain stable rates models with varying levels input it affects circuit Our results confirm that can leveraged control some under higher modulating distance bifurcation. Additionally, relying ensures activity while keeping oscillation frequencies within a physiological range. findings tie relevant features networks, such as balance, generation gamma oscillations, dynamics, framework firing-rate homeostasis, providing mechanistic explanation for heterogeneity bifurcation found across areas. In addition, reveal functional benefits upon mechanisms, robust method regulate network minimal perturbation rhythms explaining correlation between inhibition networks.

Язык: Английский

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Altered visual cortex excitatory/inhibitory ratio following transient congenital visual deprivation in humans

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025

Non-human animal models have indicated that the ratio of excitation to inhibition (E/I) in neural circuits is experience dependent and changes across development. Here, we assessed 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) electroencephalography (EEG) markers cortical E/I ten individuals who had been treated for dense bilateral congenital cataracts, after an average 12 years blindness, test dependence humans on early visual experience. First, participants underwent MRS scanning at rest with their eyes opened closed, obtain cortex Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA+) concentration, Glutamate/Glutamine (Glx) concentration Glx/GABA+, as measures inhibition, excitation, respectively. Subsequently, EEG was recorded assess aperiodic activity (1-20 Hz) a neurophysiological measure ratio, during open flickering stimulation. Across conditions, cataract-reversal demonstrated significantly lower Glx/GABA+ higher intercept steeper slope occipital electrodes, compared age-matched sighted controls. In group, associated better acuity, Glx correlated positively conditions input. We speculate these findings result from increased consequence which might require commensurately order balance additional restored The would thus be homeostatic plasticity.

Язык: Английский

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Gauging and controlling excitability in cortical disorders

Current Opinion in Neurology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 38(2), С. 140 - 150

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025

Cortical excitability, defined as the cortex's responsiveness to incoming stimuli, is a fundamental concept in neuroscience and targetable mechanism for controlling brain dysfunctions such epilepsy, well other neurological psychiatric disorders. In this review, we delineate boundaries between physiological pathological highlighting recent theoretical, experimental, translational advances relevant human Specifically, describe dynamic regulation of cortical excitability propose practical means monitor its known fluctuations guide therapeutic interventions. From conceptual standpoint, last decade research on has benefited from dynamical systems theory, which studies behavior nonlinear (here, cortex) their resilience perturbations different conditions variable excitability). We review how relationships were verified series studies. also natural these may open windows vulnerability expression dysfunctions. then turn practicalities measuring monitoring latent that must be actively probed. Practical gauging likely have broad applicability. To enable new developments clinical practice, principled design pharmacological neurostimulation therapies leverage current understanding dynamics.

Язык: Английский

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Altered visual cortex excitatory/inhibitory ratio following transient congenital visual deprivation in humans

Опубликована: Март 13, 2025

Non-human animal models have indicated that the ratio of excitation to inhibition (E/I) in neural circuits is experience dependent and changes across development. Here, we assessed 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) electroencephalography (EEG) markers cortical E/I ten individuals who had been treated for dense bilateral congenital cataracts, after an average 12 years blindness, test dependence humans on early visual experience. First, participants underwent MRS scanning at rest with their eyes opened closed, obtain cortex Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA+) concentration, Glutamate/Glutamine (Glx) concentration Glx/GABA+, as measures inhibition, excitation, respectively. Subsequently, EEG was recorded assess aperiodic activity (1-20 Hz) a neurophysiological measure ratio, during open flickering stimulation. Across conditions, cataract-reversal demonstrated significantly lower Glx/GABA+ higher intercept steeper slope occipital electrodes, compared age-matched sighted controls. In group, associated better acuity, Glx correlated positively conditions input. We speculate these findings result from increased consequence which might require commensurately order balance additional restored The would thus be homeostatic plasticity.

Язык: Английский

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ESENA: A Novel Spatiotemporal Event Network Information Approach for Mining Scalp EEG Data

Brain and Behavior, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Brain activity possesses unique spatiotemporal characteristics. However, few electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis methods were designed to capture these features. Here, we developed a novel approach mine information contained in EEG data. In this work, approach, named Spatiotemporal Event Network Analysis (ESENA), was proposed fully the complex patterns of data during rich and stimulations. The essence method is map power events onto network nodes define connections on basis temporal sequence events, thereby establishing structure. Next, performance feasibility ESENA tested using three resting-state game-playing state datasets. For eyes-closed EEG, specific event networks (SENs) revealed by for different frequency bands, links between SENs mainly located regions rhythmic relative spectrum. comparison eyes-open provided additional important delta band frontal lobe, theta frontoparietal lobes. lobes, parietotemporal lobe alpha occipitoparietal lobes additionally uncovered ESENA. Moreover, correlated with behavioral Our findings demonstrated that superior traditional discovering from has potential become an tool providing deeper insights into brain's networks.

Язык: Английский

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Altered visual cortex excitatory/inhibitory ratio following transient congenital visual deprivation in humans

eLife, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13

Опубликована: Май 16, 2025

Non-human animal models have indicated that the ratio of excitation to inhibition (E/I) in neural circuits is experience dependent, and changes across development. Here, we assessed 3T Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) electroencephalography (EEG) markers cortical E/I 10 individuals who had been treated for dense bilateral congenital cataracts, after an average 12 years blindness, test dependence on early visual humans. First, participants underwent MRS scanning at rest with their eyes open closed, obtain cortex Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA+) concentration, Glutamate/Glutamine (Glx) concentration Glx/GABA+, as measures inhibition, excitation, ratio, respectively. Subsequently, EEG was recorded assess aperiodic activity (1–20 Hz) a neurophysiological measure during flickering stimulation. Across conditions, cataract-reversal demonstrated significantly lower Glx/GABA+ higher intercept steeper slope occipital electrodes, compared age-matched sighted controls. In group, associated better acuity, Glx correlated positively conditions input. We speculate these findings result from increased consequence which might require commensurately order balance additional restored The would thus be homeostatic plasticity.

Язык: Английский

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Revisiting the Multilayer Network Framework for Electrophysiological Networks

Brain Connectivity, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 28, 2025

Background: The multilayer network framework has emerged as an innovative approach for analyzing electrophysiological networks, providing insights into complex neuronal interactions by integrating connectivity across different frequency bands in electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) data. Current Limitations: Traditionally, networks have treated canonical (e.g., delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma) distinct layers. Recent findings could raise potential concerns regarding this approach, emphasizing the need to incorporate distinction between periodic (oscillatory) aperiodic (broadband) signal components. Conceptual Advance: Aperiodic signals may reflect excitation-inhibition balance scale-free dynamics, while capture oscillatory rhythms, both contributing uniquely brain interactions. A current context be applicable case of genuine coupling these components, termed "aperiodic-to-periodic coupling." This necessitates novel metrics analytical methods that can handle broadband Furthermore, challenges remain decomposing components time domain developing robust account leakage. Outlook: Addressing issues will enhance frameworks, enabling better integrity, cognitive dysfunction, neurological conditions.

Язык: Английский

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