High‐Precision, Low‐Threshold Neuromodulation With Ultraflexible Electrode Arrays for Brain‐to‐Brain Interfaces

Exploration, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2025

ABSTRACT Neuromodulation is crucial for advancing neuroscience and treating neurological disorders. However, traditional methods using rigid electrodes have been limited by large stimulating currents, low precision, the risk of tissue damage. In this work, we developed a biocompatible ultraflexible electrode array that allows both neural recording spike firings low‐threshold, high‐precision stimulation neuromodulation. Specifically, mouse turning behavior can be effectively induced with approximately five microamperes current, which significantly lower than required conventional electrodes. The array's densely packed microelectrodes enable highly selective stimulation, allowing precise targeting specific brain areas critical behavior. This low‐current, targeted approach helps maintain health neurons electrodes, as evidenced stable recordings after extended stimulations. Systematic validations confirmed durability biocompatibility Moreover, flexible to brain‐to‐brain interface system human signals directly control Using advanced decoding methods, single individual issue eight commands simultaneously behaviors two mice. study underscores effectiveness in neuromodulation, opening new avenues interspecies communication potential neuromodulation applications.

Язык: Английский

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In vivo microelectrode arrays for neuroscience

Nature Reviews Methods Primers, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 5(1)

Опубликована: Май 8, 2025

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Investigating the spatial limits of somatotopic and depth-dependent sensory discrimination stimuli in rats via intracortical microstimulation

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 19

Опубликована: Май 14, 2025

The somatosensory cortex can be electrically stimulated via intracortical microelectrode arrays (MEAs) to induce a range of vibrotactile sensations. While previous studies have employed multi-shank MEA configurations map somatotopic relationships, the influence cortical depth on sensory discrimination remains relatively unexplored. In this study, we introduce novel approach for investigating spatial limits stimulation-evoked based and relationships in rodents. To achieve this, implanted single-shank four-shank 16-channel MEAs into primary male rats. Then, defined distinct stimulation patterns comparison, each consisting four simultaneously electrode sites separated along length device or between shanks device. Next, utilized nose-poking, two-choice task evaluate rat's ability accurately differentiate these patterns. We demonstrate that rats were able reliably discriminate most superficial (450-750 μm) deepest (1650-1950 with 90% accuracy, whereas next adjacent pattern (650-950 significantly dropped 53% (p < 0.05). Similarly, group, accuracy was 88% furthest pairs (375 μm difference) but fell 62% 0.05) closest (125 difference). Overall, subjects could robustly stimuli by 800 column whereas, animals delivered from 250 μm. Results showed when distances decreased, had reduced discriminable suggesting greater difficulty differentiating closely positioned stimuli. better understand results, also computational modeling compare our in-vivo results against neuronal activation volumes presented biophysically realistic model cortex. These simulations displayed overlapping activated neurons antidromic propagation axons pair, potentially influencing limits. This work, which offers insight how physical separation stimulating maps discernable percepts, informs design considerations future microstimulation arrays.

Язык: Английский

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Lifetime engineering of bioelectronic implants with mechanically reliable thin film encapsulations

Progress in Biomedical Engineering, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 6(1), С. 012001 - 012001

Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2023

Abstract While the importance of thin form factor and mechanical tissue biocompatibility has been made clear for next generation bioelectronic implants, material systems meeting these criteria still have not demonstrated sufficient long-term durability. This review provides an update on materials used in modern implants as substrates protective encapsulations, with a particular focus flexible conformable devices. We how film encapsulations are known to fail due stresses environmental surroundings under processing operating conditions. information is then reflected recommending state-of-the-art encapsulation strategies designing mechanically reliable interfaces. Finally, we assess methods evaluate novel implant devices current state their longevity based substrate materials. also provide insights future testing engineer long-lived more effectively make implantable bioelectronics viable option chronic diseases accordance each patient’s therapeutic timescale.

Язык: Английский

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Ultraflexible PEDOT:PSS/IrOx-Modified Electrodes: Applications in Behavioral Modulation and Neural Signal Recording in Mice

Micromachines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15(4), С. 447 - 447

Опубликована: Март 27, 2024

Recent advancements in neural probe technology have become pivotal both neuroscience research and the clinical management of neurological disorders. State-of-the-art developments led to advent multichannel, high-density bidirectional interfaces that are adept at recording modulating neuronal activity within central nervous system. Despite this progress, extant probes designed for simultaneous stimulation beset with limitations, including elicitation inflammatory responses insufficient charge injection capacity. In paper, we delineate design application an innovative ultraflexible engineered from polyimide. This is distinguished by its ability facilitate high-resolution recordings precise control deep brain regions. Electrodes enhanced a PEDOT:PSS/IrOx composite exhibit substantial increase storage capacity, escalating 0.14 ± 0.01 mC/cm2 impressive 24.75 0.18 mC/cm2. augmentation significantly bolsters electrodes' transfer efficacy. tandem, observed notable reduction electrode impedance, 3.47 1.77 MΩ mere 41.88 4.04 kΩ, while phase angle exhibited positive shift -72.61 1.84° -34.17 0.42°. To substantiate functional prowess, conducted vivo experiments, where were surgically implanted into bilateral motor cortex mice. These experiments involved synchronous meticulous analysis signal fluctuations during assessment probes' proficiency directional turning behaviors subjects. The empirical evidence corroborates targeted mice can modulate intensity signals stimulated locale, enabling mice's behavior contralateral side site.

Язык: Английский

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