bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Окт. 23, 2023
The
flow
of
neural
activity
across
the
neocortex
during
active
sensory
discrimination
is
constrained
by
task-specific
cognitive
demands,
movements,
and
internal
states.
During
behavior,
brain
appears
to
sample
from
a
broad
repertoire
activation
motifs.
Understanding
how
these
patterns
local
global
are
selected
in
relation
both
spontaneous
task-dependent
behavior
requires
in-depth
study
densely
sampled
at
single
neuron
resolution
large
regions
cortex.
In
significant
advance
toward
this
goal,
we
developed
procedures
record
mesoscale
2-photon
Ca
Tracking
net
body
movement
in
real
time
may
enable
the
brain
to
estimate
ongoing
demands
and
thus
better
orchestrate
muscle
tone,
energy
balance,
arousal.
To
identify
neural
populations
specializing
tracking
movement,
here
we
compared
self-initiated
movement-related
activity
across
genetically-defined
subcortical
neurons
mouse
brain,
including
dopaminergic,
glutamatergic,
noradrenergic,
key
peptidergic
neurons.
We
show
that
hypothalamic
orexin/hypocretin-producing
(HONs)
are
exceptionally
precise
movement-trackers,
encoding
multiple
classified
behaviors
with
a
high
degree
of
precision,
independent
head
acceleration.
This
was
so
precise,
video
analysis
reliably
served
as
low-cost
biometric
for
HON
population
activity.
The
internal
nutritional
states,
occurred
communication
bandwidth
distinct
from
blood
glucose.
At
projection
targets,
orexin/hypocretin
peptide
outputs
correlated
projection-specific
manner,
indicating
functional
heterogeneity
outputs.
Finally,
found
not
encoded
same
extent
other
related
arousal
or
energy.
These
findings
indicate
orchestrators
metabolism
finely
tuned
encode
constituting
bridge
multiplexing
motor
resources.
Tracking
net
body
movement
in
real
time
may
enable
the
brain
to
estimate
ongoing
demands
and
thus
better
orchestrate
muscle
tone,
energy
balance,
arousal.
To
identify
neural
populations
specializing
tracking
movement,
here
we
compared
self-initiated
movement-related
activity
across
genetically-defined
subcortical
neurons
mouse
brain,
including
dopaminergic,
glutamatergic,
noradrenergic,
key
peptidergic
neurons.
We
show
that
hypothalamic
orexin/hypocretin-producing
(HONs)
are
exceptionally
precise
movement-trackers,
encoding
multiple
classified
behaviors
with
a
high
degree
of
precision,
independent
head
acceleration.
This
was
so
precise,
video
analysis
reliably
served
as
low-cost
biometric
for
HON
population
activity.
The
internal
nutritional
states,
occurred
communication
bandwidth
distinct
from
blood
glucose.
At
projection
targets,
orexin/hypocretin
peptide
outputs
correlated
projection-specific
manner,
indicating
functional
heterogeneity
outputs.
Finally,
found
not
encoded
same
extent
other
related
arousal
or
energy.
These
findings
indicate
orchestrators
metabolism
finely
tuned
encode
constituting
bridge
multiplexing
motor
resources.
The
flow
of
neural
activity
across
the
neocortex
during
active
sensory
discrimination
is
constrained
by
task-specific
cognitive
demands,
movements,
and
internal
states.
During
behavior,
brain
appears
to
sample
from
a
broad
repertoire
activation
motifs.
Understanding
how
these
patterns
local
global
are
selected
in
relation
both
spontaneous
task-dependent
behavior
requires
in-depth
study
densely
sampled
at
single
neuron
resolution
large
regions
cortex.
In
significant
advance
toward
this
goal,
we
developed
procedures
record
mesoscale
2-photon
Ca2+
imaging
data
two
novel
vivo
preparations
that,
between
them,
allow
for
simultaneous
access
nearly
all
0f
mouse
dorsal
lateral
neocortex.
As
proof
principle,
aligned
with
behavioral
primitives
high-level
motifs
reveal
existence
populations
neurons
that
coordinated
their
cortical
areas
changes
movement
and/or
arousal.
methods
detail
here
facilitate
identification
exploration
widespread,
spatially
heterogeneous
ensembles
whose
related
diverse
aspects
behavior.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2024
Performance
during
perceptual
decision-making
exhibits
an
inverted-U
relationship
with
arousal,
but
the
underlying
network
mechanisms
remain
unclear.
Here,
we
recorded
from
auditory
cortex
(A1)
of
behaving
mice
passive
tone
presentation,
while
tracking
arousal
via
pupillometry.
We
found
that
discriminability
in
A1
ensembles
was
optimal
at
intermediate
revealing
a
population-level
neural
correlate
relationship.
explained
this
arousal-dependent
coding
using
spiking
model
clustered
architecture.
Specifically,
show
stimulus
is
achieved
near
transition
between
multi-attractor
phase
metastable
cluster
dynamics
(low
arousal)
and
single-attractor
(high
arousal).
Additional
signatures
include
arousal-induced
reductions
overall
variability
extent
stimulus-induced
quenching,
which
observed
empirical
data.
Our
results
elucidate
computational
principles
interactions
pupil-linked
sensory
processing,
variability,
suggest
role
for
transitions
explaining
nonlinear
modulations
cortical
computations.
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Июнь 26, 2023
Existing
work
demonstrates
that
animals
alternate
between
engaged
and
disengaged
states
during
perceptual
decision-making.
To
understand
the
neural
signature
of
these
states,
we
performed
cortex-wide
measurements
activity
in
mice
making
auditory
decisions.
The
trial-averaged
magnitude
was
similar
two
states.
However,
trial-to-trial
variance
higher
disengagement.
this
increased
variance,
trained
separate
linear
encoding
models
on
data
from
each
state.
demonstrated
although
task
variables
task-aligned
movements
impacted
similarly
are
independent
events
explained
more
Behavioral
analyses
uncovered
disengagement,
become
uncoupled
to
events.
Taken
together,
results
argue
though
obscured
activity,
is
evident
variability
driven
by
changing
patterns
spontaneous
movements.
IEEE Open Journal of Engineering in Medicine and Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
5, С. 627 - 636
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Goal:
Poor
arousal
management
may
lead
to
reduced
cognitive
performance.
Specifying
a
model
and
decoder
infer
the
performance
contributes
regulation
via
non-invasive
actuators
such
as
music.
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Methods:
We
employ
Bayesian
filtering
approach
within
an
expectation-maximization
framework
track
hidden
states
during
$n$
-back
task
in
presence
of
calming
exciting
decode
from
skin
conductance
behavioral
signals,
respectively.
derive
arousal-performance
based
on
Yerkes-Dodson
law.
design
performance-based
by
considering
corresponding
observation.
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Results:
The
quantified
are
presented.
existence
law
can
be
interpreted
relationship.
Findings
display
higher
matrices
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">Conclusions:
has
better
agreement
with
Our
study
implemented
designing
closed-loop
systems.
Current Opinion in Neurobiology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
86, С. 102871 - 102871
Опубликована: Апрель 3, 2024
Understanding
how
subjects
perceive
sensory
stimuli
in
their
environment
and
use
this
information
to
guide
appropriate
actions
is
a
major
challenge
neuroscience.
To
study
perceptual
decision-making
animals,
researchers
tasks
that
either
probe
spontaneous
responses
(often
described
as
"naturalistic")
or
train
animals
associate
with
experimenter-defined
responses.
Spontaneous
decisions
rely
on
animals'
pre-existing
knowledge,
while
trained
offer
greater
versatility,
albeit
often
at
the
cost
of
extensive
training.
Here,
we
review
emerging
approaches
investigate
using
both
behaviors,
highlighting
strengths
limitations.
Additionally,
propose
could
be
improved
achieve
faster
learning
more
generalizable
understanding
task
rules.
