Sustainability,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
17(1), С. 189 - 189
Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2024
CO2
emissions
are
major
drivers
of
climate
change,
causing
global
warming,
extreme
weather,
and
biodiversity
loss.
They
disrupt
ecosystems,
deplete
resources,
threaten
public
health
economic
stability.
Reducing
is
essential
for
stability
sustainability.
This
study
explores
the
complex
relationships
between
factors
such
as
transportation
sector,
electricity
consumption,
foreign
direct
investment
(FDI),
international
trade,
gross
domestic
product
(GDP).
The
focus
on
small-
medium-sized
enterprises
(SME)
in
Pakistan.
Using
time
series
data
from
2000
to
2022.
applies
advanced
econometric
techniques,
including
nonlinear
autoregressive
distributed
lag
(NARDL),
dynamic
ordinary
least
squares
(DOLS),
fully
modified
(FMOLS).
findings
highlight
that
increased
activities,
FDI
contribute
higher
emissions.
However,
can
also
help
reduce
emissions,
particularly
through
investments
green
technologies.
emphasizes
importance
transitioning
renewable
energy
adopting
sustainable
practices
across
sectors
electricity,
transportation.
Specifically,
consumption
were
found
significantly
impact
with
a
10%
increase
activities
resulting
5%
rise
Conversely,
by
approximately
3%
per
unit
investment,
largely
due
technology
adoption.
Additionally,
integrating
energy-efficient
technologies
lead
20%
reduction
Policymakers
experts
must
prioritize
strategies
promote
adoption
integrate
ensure
long-term
environmental
research
innovative
its
analysis
interconnected
effects
transportation,
By
applying
sophisticated
methods,
it
highlights
potential
FDI,
investments,
mitigate
damage.
study,
focusing
Pakistan,
offers
insights
into
how
growth
be
balanced
Fuel,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
370, С. 131842 - 131842
Опубликована: Май 9, 2024
Underground
hydrogen
storage
(UHS)
has
been
recognized
as
a
key
enabler
of
the
industrial-scale
implementation
hydrogen-based
economy.
However,
efficiency
and
capacity
(H2)
in
carbonate
aquifers
can
be
influenced
by
presence
organic
acids.
Nevertheless,
existing
literature
contains
few
investigations
H2/calcite/brine
wettability
influence
acids
on
H2
storability
reservoirs.
Therefore,
present
study
examines
stearic
acid
dynamic
H2/brine
calcite
substrates
(as
proxy
formation)
under
various
geological
conditions
(0.1–20
MPa
at
323
K),
equilibrated
10
wt%
NaCl
brine.
In
addition,
application
alumina
nanofluid
concentrations
(0.05,
0.1,
0.25,
0.75
wt%)
is
evaluated
same
experimental
for
enhancing
organic-aged
wettability.
The
results
demonstrate
significant
impact
(advancing
receding)
contact
angles
substrates,
thereby
resulting
shift
from
intermediate
water-wet
to
H2-wet
conditions,
representing
an
unfavorable
state
storage.
Conversely,
substrate
enhances
H2/brine/calcite
towards
state,
which
more
favorable
residual
trapping
formations.
optimal
concentration
modification
organically
aged
samples
found
0.25
wt%.
These
findings
highlight
contamination
potential
geo-storage
Fuel,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
371, С. 132045 - 132045
Опубликована: Май 31, 2024
The
large-scale
subsurface
storage
of
hydrogen
is
a
crucial
element
the
economy
value
chain
and
an
essential
process
for
achieving
successful
replacement
carbon-based
fuels.
wettability
rock-H2-brine
system,
as
quantified
by
contact
angle
measurement,
has
been
focus
most
recent
research
due
to
its
impacts
on
fluid
flow,
H2
migration
recovery
efficiency
during
underground
(UHS).
However,
reported
data
sets
are
quite
inconsistent,
there
relatively
few
literature
reports
regarding
angles
H2/brine
Saudi
Arabian
basalt
(SAB)
compared
quartz,
shale,
mica,
calcite.
Hence,
advancing
receding
θaandθr
SAB-H2-brine
system
measured
herein
via
sessile
drop
method
at
various
temperatures
(308
323
K)
pressures
(0.1–20
MPa)
ascertain
appropriateness
SAB
UHS.
results
indicate
that
generally
increases
with
pressure
temperature,
but
pure
remains
strongly
water
wet,
having
θa
θr<45°
under
all
experimental
conditions.
Conversely,
stearic
acid
contamination
(10−2
mol/L)
found
be
inimical
UHS,
increasing
from
42.1°
100.8°
aged
SAB,
while
θr
36.3°
94.2°,
20
MPa
K.
At
same
temperature
K,
column
heights
decrease
pressure,
reaching
4663
m
−424
organic
respectively,
MPa,
thereby
confirming
increased
depth
unfavorable
UHS
in
SAB.
These
provide
insights
into
conditions
favorable
formations.
Energy & Fuels,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
37(19), С. 15138 - 15152
Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2023
Hydrogen
geo-storage
is
a
promising
technology
to
achieve
net-zero
carbon
emissions.
Basaltic
rocks
have
attracted
limited
attention,
and
only
knowledge
of
the
suitability
basaltic
formations
for
large-scale
hydrogen
storage
available.
The
complex
in
situ
geochemical
reaction
basalt–hydrogen
key
factor
evaluating
basalt
storage.
This
paper
investigates
interactions
hydrogen–basalt–water
evaluates
impact
on
basalt's
physical
properties.
Basalt
samples
collected
from
CarbFix
site
Iceland
are
treated
with
hydrogen–water
108
days
under
9.65
MPa
at
348
K,
various
analytical
methods
employed.
results
show
minor
dissolution
plagioclase
minerals
after
treatment
due
redox
reactions
hydrogen.
However,
this
behavior
might
contribute
precipitation
calcium
surface.
Images
obtained
scanning
electron
microscopy
reveal
that
filling
cracks
was
removed
no
obvious
crack
growth,
which
resulted
increase
pores
(4%).
Contact
angle
measurements
surface
wettability
remains
water-wet
treatment.
A
blank
nitrogen–DI
water
test
performed,
potential
between
basalt,
indicating
changes
exist.
We
conclude
reactivity
injection
low;
thus,
promising.
work
can
be
suitable
experimental
framework
assist
assessing
UHS.
Journal of Energy Storage,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
97, С. 112768 - 112768
Опубликована: Июль 1, 2024
The
modification
of
hydrophobic
rock
surfaces
to
the
water-wet
state
via
nanofluid
treatment
has
shown
promise
in
enhancing
their
geological
storage
capabilities
and
efficiency
carbon
dioxide
(CO2)
hydrogen
(H2)
containment.
Despite
this,
specific
influence
silica
(SiO2)
nanoparticles
on
interactions
between
H2,
brine,
within
basaltic
formations
remains
underexplored.
present
study
focuses
effect
SiO2
wettability
Saudi
Arabian
basalt
(SAB)
under
downhole
conditions
(323
K
pressures
ranging
from
1
20
MPa)
by
using
tilted
plate
technique
measure
contact
angles
H2/brine
surfaces.
findings
reveal
that
SAB's
hydrophobicity
intensifies
presence
organic
acids,
with
significant
increases
both
advancing
(θa)
receding
(θr)
upon
exposure
acid
at
323
MPa.
Contrastingly,
application
these
results
a
marked
shift
towards
hydrophilicity,
θa
θr
decreasing
substantially,
thus
indicating
an
optimal
nanoparticle
concentration
(0.1
wt%
SiO2)
for
effecting
transition
H2-wet
states.
This
change
aligns
known
pressure-dependent
behavior
angles.
Moreover,
organically-aged
0.1
nanofluids
MPa
enhances
H2
column
height
significantly,
−424
m
4340
m,
suggesting
reduced
risk
migration
across
caprock
thereby
structural/residual
trapping
containment
security
Arabia.
article
highlights
crucial
role
improving
efficacy
basalt,
offering
new
insight
optimization
solutions
hydrogen,
critical
component
sustainable
energy
future.
Energy & Fuels,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
38(15), С. 14502 - 14513
Опубликована: Июль 16, 2024
In
the
context
of
CO2
geological
storage,
understanding
interplay
interfacial
tension
(IFT)
and
wettability
dynamics
within
CO2–brine–rock
system
plays
a
huge
role
in
improving
their
storage
capacity
ensuring
secure
containment.
Ionic
liquids
(ILs)
emerge
as
promising
surface-active
agent
that
has
potency
to
alter
reservoir's
more
toward
water-wet
state,
thereby
increasing
oil
recovery.
However,
potential
ILs
remained
unexplored
for
enhancing
storage.
Hereby,
we
assess
effect
on
modification
sandstone
reservoirs
by
measuring
rock–brine–CO2
contact
angles
(CA).
this
context,
conducted
CA
measurements
both
clean
crude
oil-aged
samples,
with
without
ILs,
at
broad
ranges
IL
concentrations
(0–1000
ppm),
temperatures
(25–80
°C),
pressures
(14.7–3000
psi).
This
approach
is
designed
evaluate
saline
aquifers
oil-depleted
reservoirs.
Additionally,
also
explored
impact
CO2–seawater
(SW)
IFT.
Findings
indicate
sample
maintained
nature;
however,
treatment
shifted
its
strongly
state.
While
oil-wet
samples
were
initially
identified
be
CO2-wet,
upon
they
an
intermediate
Molecular
(MD)
simulations
undertaken
get
atomistic
insights
into
rock
changes
CO2–SW
interface.
MD
revealed
alters
surface
charge,
which
induces
changes.
Such
charge
development
result
pH
modifications
induced
affect
silanol
group
density.
The
addition
was
found
reduce
charge.
adsorbed
screens
rock–CO2
interactions,
maintaining
alteration
poised
significantly
improve
efficiency,
reducing
security
risks
are
associated
it.
finding
highlights
efficiency
can
greatly
improved
preliminarily
injecting
before
flooding
minor
concentration.
It
worth
highlighting
observed
SW–CO2
IFT
relatively
minimal,
indicating
favorable
condition
capillary
trapping.
Furthermore,
investigated
exhibit
exceptional
stability,
solubility,
detectability,
scalability,
economic
viability;
thus,
preinjection
these
solutions
will
make
them
robust
containment
reservoir
conditions.
